The advantage of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided surgery, in which MR images taken during surgery are used to guide the surgery, has been recognized recently. However, there is a problem, due to long imaging t...
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This paper presents a technique to deal with both discrete and continuous state space systems in POMDPs for reinforcement learning while keeping the state space of an agent compact. First, our computational model for ...
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This paper presents a technique to deal with both discrete and continuous state space systems in POMDPs for reinforcement learning while keeping the state space of an agent compact. First, our computational model for MDP environments, where a concept of "state space filtering" has been introduced and constructed to make properly the state space of an agent smaller by referring to "entropy" calculated based on the state-action mapping, is extended to be applicable in POMDP environments by introducing the mechanism of utilizing effectively of history information. Then, it is possible to deal with a continuous state space as well as a discrete state space. In this, the mechanism of adjusting the amount of history information is also introduced so that the state space of an agent should be compact. Moreover, some computational experiments with a robot navigation problem with a continuous state space have been carried out. The potential and the effectiveness of the extended approach have been confirmed through these experiments
The physicochemical properties of the liposomal bilayers incorporated with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) were studied using 13C- and 31P- nuclear magnetic resonances (13C- and 31P-NMR). Results show that intercalated compounds...
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The physicochemical properties of the liposomal bilayers incorporated with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) were studied using 13C- and 31P- nuclear magnetic resonances (13C- and 31P-NMR). Results show that intercalated compounds such as CoQ10 are useful to control the PML carriers for suitable membrane packing and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. The measurements of the membrane stabilities of their liposomes in vivo are currently under way.
Nowadays, a rotary blood pump can be used as not only for a bridge to transplantation (BTT) but also for a bridge to recovery (BTR) and a destination therapy (DT). In such cases, evaluation of the recovery level of th...
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Nowadays, a rotary blood pump can be used as not only for a bridge to transplantation (BTT) but also for a bridge to recovery (BTR) and a destination therapy (DT). In such cases, evaluation of the recovery level of the native heart provides useful information to improve the clinical strategy and decide adequate timing for removing of the RBP. In contrast, the indices for cardiac function have been studied. However, most of them do not consider the assistance with the RBP. In this study, we aimed at evaluating whether E max , which is an index for cardiac function based on the pressure-volume relationships, is still valid during assistance with the RBP from an animal experiment. In the acute animal experiment with an adult goat, we measured pressure-volume (P-V) loops while cardiac function was normal, augmented or diminished. The experimental results revealed that there were typical differences in the shapes of P-V loops when the cardiac function was altered, and E max can still be used as an index for the cardiac function even if the assistance with the RBP is ongoing
Continuous flow blood pumps, such as axial flow and centrifugal pumps, have been gaining interest as circulatory devices for total artificial hearts (TAHs) and a biventricular assist device (BVAD) because of their sma...
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Continuous flow blood pumps, such as axial flow and centrifugal pumps, have been gaining interest as circulatory devices for total artificial hearts (TAHs) and a biventricular assist device (BVAD) because of their smaller size and simpler structure compared to pulsatile pumps. However, continuous flow pumps are more prone to suction of the left ventricle than pulsatile pumps are. Sudden increases in flow rate to meet changes in physiological demand, especially in the left pump, often cause ventricle suction. In this study, a control algorithm to prevent suction from occurring in the left ventricle by controlling the rotational speed of the right pump, instead of reducing the cardiac output of the left pump, was developed and investigated. The method was tested in acute animal experiments with calves. The results indicate that this proposed method is capable of preventing suction and could simultaneously maintain circulatory control. A key advantage of this control system is that flow rates can be maximized while avoiding ventricle suction conditions particularly when the circulatory system is unstable such as in a the first few days after operation
The creation of public internet access facilities is one of the principal policy instruments adopted by governments in addressing 'digital divide' issues. The lack of plans for ongoing funding, in North Americ...
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In this paper the authors propose a structural method for a genetic algorithm (GA) for the optimization problem of cable routing in which cables have to be laid optimally. When there are no limits on the layout routes...
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The Collaborative Large-scale Engineering Analysis Network for Environmental Research (CLEANER) Project Office has been established with funding from the National science Foundation (NSF) to the University of Illinois...
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This article reviews the way in which the spread of computing technology has impacted the search and seizure policies of relevant U.S. government agencies. Among the changes that have occurred is a total redesign by t...
This article reviews the way in which the spread of computing technology has impacted the search and seizure policies of relevant U.S. government agencies. Among the changes that have occurred is a total redesign by the Justice Department of its search and seizure guidelines and policies. the article discusses numerous questions that involve search and seizure procedures as they pertain to the use of computing technology.
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