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True-Asynchronous Transmission Modeling and Software-Defined-Radio Experimental Testbed for Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2024年第1期10卷 35-47页

作者： Kuo, Chi-Han Yang, Guu-Chang Chacko, David Kwong, Wing C. National Chung Hsing University Department of Electrical Engineering Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering Taichung City40227 Taiwan Hofstra University Department of Computer Science HempsteadNY11549 United States Hofstra University Department of Engineering HempsteadNY11549 United States

The designs and analyses of 'asynchronous' channel-hopping (CH) sequences were traditionally based on a 'slot-synchronous' assumption. This assumption could not truly support the asynchronous and ad-hoc settings of cognitive-radio ad-hoc wireless networks (CRAHWNs) and resulted in overoptimistic performances. In this paper, a new 'true-asynchronous' transmission model is studied, in which every time slot is divided into two or more equal sub-slots for rendezvous. All secondary users (SUs) do not need to synchronize in any level, not even the sub-slot level. Pairs of SUs can rendezvous under any arbitrary time shift between their CH sequences without requiring time-synchronization hardware/algorithms, coordination, or scheduling. The throughput and average time-to-rendezvous (ATTR) of CH sequences under the new model with fixed and adjustable payloads and different numbers of sub-slots are derived and compared with the conventional 'slot-synchronous' transmission model. This paper also reports an experimental testbed using software-defined radios to validate the theoretical throughput and ATTR of the new transmission model. The numerical, experimental, and simulation studies find that the new transmission model with adjustable payload can support 'true-asynchronous' operations and also achieve better ATTR than and the throughput upper bound of the conventional model without requiring time-synchronization hardware/algorithms or coordination. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Synchronization

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Temperature Sensor Circuit for a Wearable Perspiration Monitoring System

Temperature Sensor Circuit for a Wearable Perspiration Monit...

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2023 International Symposium on Devices, Circuits and Systems, ISDCS 2023

作者： Ichimura, Yuichiro Goto, Kenta Johguchi, Koh Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University Electrical and Computer Engineering Division Department of Engineering Nagano Japan Shinshu University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nagano Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315042

In this work, a prototype system has been designed with a 0.18-μm CMOS technology to capture perspiration rate in daily life. To calculate an amount of perspiration, a temperature sensor is necessary concurrently with a relative humidity sensing. The designed temperature sensor consists of 8-bit binary digital-to-analog converter and an analog front-end circuit for thermistors. The designed circuits for temperature and humidity sensors have successfully verified. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Humidity sensors

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A Multifunctional Hydrogel with Multimodal Self-Powered Sensing Capability and Stable Direct Current Output for Outdoor Plant Monitoring Systems

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 1-24页

作者： Xinge Guo Luwei Wang Zhenyang Jin Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576Singapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of Singapore5 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117608Singapore NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Research Center for Sustainable Urban Farming(SUrF) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore

Smart farming with outdoor monitoring systems is critical to address food shortages and sustainability *** systems facilitate informed decisions that enhance efficiency in broader environmental *** outdoor systems equipped with energy harvesters and self-powered sensors often struggle with fluctuating energy sources,low durability under harsh conditions,non-transparent or non-biocompatible materials,and complex ***,a multifunctional hydrogel is developed,which can fulfill all the above requirements and build selfsustainable outdoor monitoring systems solely by *** can serve as a stable energy harvester that continuously generates direct current output with an average power density of 1.9 W m^(-3)for nearly 60 days of operation in normal environments(24℃,60%RH),with an energy density of around 1.36×10^(7)J m^(-3).It also shows good self-recoverability in severe environments(45℃,30%RH)in nearly 40 days of continuous ***,this hydrogel enables noninvasive and self-powered monitoring of leaf relative water content,providing critical data on evaluating plant health,previously obtainable only through invasive or high-power consumption *** potential extends to acting as other self-powered environmental *** multifunctional hydrogel enables self-sustainable outdoor systems with scalable and low-cost production,paving the way for future agriculture.

关键词： Self-powered sensor Hydrogel Energy harvester Outdoor farming Self-sustainable IoT

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Development of Detection Lung Disease Stand Alone System Based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) 7

Development of Detection Lung Disease Stand Alone System Bas...

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7th International Conference of computer and Informatics engineering, IC2IE 2024

作者： Liewarnata, Edgar Caesar Mariana, Yosica Tan, Sofyan Liawatimena, Suryadiputra Astuti, Winda Bina Nusantara University Binus Aso School of Engineering Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Aso School of Engineering Product Design Program Industrial Engineering Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department Binus Aso School of Engineering Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505530

Lung disease, especially Tuberculosis (TBC), placed the highest death rate in Indonesia. Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia is ranked second after India. Therefore, it is important to reduce or early detection of the lung disease, to prevent this disease and speed up handling. The system can recognize the disease lung identification, and the system applied as standalone system. In this work, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach for identifying diseases lung identification is proposed. The Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) applied to process the stethoscope sounds which will used as input to the CNN. The performance of the proposed system has been investigated and resulted. The accuracy of 99% and 98%, for training and testing accuracy respectively. Furthermore, the system accurately detects lung diseases identification. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Development of Dementia Care Training System Using AR and Large Language Model

Development of Dementia Care Training System Using AR and La...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Miyawaki, Tomoya Nishiura, Yuuki Fukuda, Ryouta Nakashima, Kazuto Kurazume, Ryo Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Japan Kyushu University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Japan Kyushu University Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

We have developed HEARTS, a dementia care training system using augmented reality based on Humanitude. Humanitude is a multimodal comprehensive care technique for dementia, and has attracted attention as a method to reduce the burden on both caregivers and patients. However, the HEARTS developed so far could not evaluate 'speaking' skills based on the content of conversations among 'seeing,' 'touching,' and 'speaking,' all of which are fundamental skills in Humanitude. Therefore, we attempted a new quantitative evaluation of trainees' 'speaking' skills by estimating the emotional value of conversational content using GPT-4 named HEARTS 5. A survey of caregivers was conducted using the developed system and was well received by the participants. We also developed a HEARTS 5 conversational version based on HEARTS 5, with the addition of GPT-4 conversation generation and Azure Text-to-Speech. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Aerodynamic Effects Compensation on Multi-Rotor UAVs Based on a Neural Network Control Allocation Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第2期9卷 295-312页

作者： Sarah P.Madruga Augusto H.B.M.Tavares Saulo O.D.Luiz Tiago P.do Nascimento Antonio Marcus N.Lima Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Campina GrandeCampina Grande-PBBrazil Department of Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Campina GrandeCampina Grande-PBBrazil IEEE Department of Computer Systems Universidade Federal da ParaibaJoao Pessoa-PBBrazil

This paper shows that the aerodynamic effects can be compensated in a quadrotor system by means of a control allocation approach using neural ***,the system performance can be improved by replacing the classic allocation matrix,without using the aerodynamic inflow equations *** network training is performed offline,which requires low computational *** target system is a Parrot MAMBO drone whose flight control is composed of PD-PID controllers followed by the proposed neural network control allocation *** a quadrotor is particularly susceptible to the aerodynamics effects of interest to this work,because of its small *** compared the mechanical torques commanded by the flight controller,i.e.,the control input,to those actually generated by the actuators and established at the *** was observed that the proposed neural network was able to closely match them,while the classic allocation matrix could not achieve *** allocation error was also determined in both ***,the closed-loop performance also improved with the use of the proposed neural network control allocation,as well as the quality of the thrust and torque signals,in which we perceived a much less noisy behavior.

关键词： Aerodynamics effects control allocation minidrone multi-rotor UAV neural networks

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24.9-GHz-bandwidth VCSEL enables 170-Gbit/s OFDM, GFDM, and DMT transmissions

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 377-390页

作者： Wu, Wei-Li Cheng, Chih-Hsien Matsumoto, Atsushi Akahane, Kouichi Yang, Yun-Cheng Su, Borching Wu, Chao-Hsin Feng, Milton Lin, Gong-Ru Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Optical Access Technology Laboratory Photonic ICT Research Center Network Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Koganei184-8795 Japan Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Microelectronics and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign ChampaignIL61801 United States NTU-Tektronix Joint Research Center National Taiwan University Tektronix Inc. Taipei10617 Taiwan

The direct modulation and fiber transmission performances of a bi-layer-oxide-confined 850-nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) containing an emission aperture size of 3.5 μm with versatile novel complex data formats are compared. With delivering quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (QAM-OFDM), generalized frequency-division multiplexing (GFDM), and discrete multi-tone (DMT) data streams, the highest data rate allowable for encoding the 3.5-μm-aperture VCSEL is demonstrated under back-to-back (BtB) and 100-m OM5-multi-mode fiber (OM5-MMF) transmissions. The newly designed 3.5-μm-aperture VCSEL contains InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells and bi-layer-oxide-confined aperture to enhance its differential gain, reduce its thermal resistance, and improve its parasitic resistance for providing broader encoding bandwidth. Optimizing the VCSEL bias at 9 mA (11Ith) makes the lasing with three to four transverse modes suffer from a low modal dispersion effect, which also provides its 3-dB bandwidth as wide as 24.9 GHz and suppresses its RIN level to −138.0 dBc∕Hz for broadband OFDM/GFDM/DMT data encoding. By using the pre-distortion technique on the OFDM to compensate the SNR degradation, the OFDM modified with a pre-leveling slope of 0.5 dB/GHz can provide 160 Gbit/s for BtB and 140 Gbit/s for 100-m OM5-MMF transmissions. By dividing the N OFDM subcarriers into K equally-sized GFDM subcarriers and M equally-sized GFDM subsymbols, the QAM-GFDM with K = 2 can effectively enhance the out-of-band suppression to 35.9 dB and reduce the peak-to-average-power ratio to 9.7 dB, which can support 168 Gbit/s under BtB and 144 Gbit/s in 100-m OM5-MMF transmissions. To achieve the maximal spectral-usage efficiency, the DMT with the adaptive bit-loading algorithm is employed to improve the data rate up to 172 Gbit/s for BtB and 146 Gbit/s for 100-m OM5-MMF conditions. These advanced pre-leveled 16-QAM OFDM, GFDM, and DMT formats carried b

关键词： Surface emitting lasers

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Fast non-iterative algorithm for 3D point-cloud holography

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Optics Express 2023年第22期31卷 36468-36485页

作者： Ersaro, Nathan Tessema Yalcin, Cem Murray, Liz Kabuli, Leyla Waller, Laura Muller, Rikky Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Recently developed iterative and deep learning-based approaches to computer-generated holography (CGH) have been shown to achieve high-quality photorealistic 3D images with spatial light modulators. However, such approaches remain overly cumbersome for patterning sparse collections of target points across a photoresponsive volume in applications including biological microscopy and material processing. Specifically, in addition to requiring heavy computation that cannot accommodate real-time operation in mobile or hardware-light settings, existing sampling-dependent 3D CGH methods preclude the ability to place target points with arbitrary precision, limiting accessible depths to a handful of planes. Accordingly, we present a non-iterative point cloud holography algorithm that employs fast deterministic calculations in order to efficiently allocate patches of SLM pixels to different target points in the 3D volume and spread the patterning of all points across multiple time frames. Compared to a matched-performance implementation of the iterative Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, our algorithm’s relative computation speed advantage was found to increase with SLM pixel count, reaching >100,000x at 512 × 512 array format. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Control Performance Assessment of a Zero Harmonic Distortion Grid-Forming Converter in Islanded Microgrids 8

Control Performance Assessment of a Zero Harmonic Distortion...

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8th Southern Power Electronics Conference and the 17th Brazilian Power Electronics Conference, SPEC / COBEP 2023

作者： Ramos, Gabriel Vilkn Parreiras, Thiago Morais De Jesus Cardoso Filho, Braz Ufmg Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte Brazil CEFET-MG Department of Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte Brazil Ufmg Department of Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321128

The world is currently witnessing a rapid transformation in the production and utilization of electrical energy. The traditional centralized generation model for electric power is swiftly evolving into a more decentralized system, known as Distributed Generation (DG), which incorporates renewable energy sources situated closer to end-users. This shift towards DG has paved the way for the emergence of grid-forming converters, which play a pivotal role in enhancing voltage and frequency stability within microgrids (MGs) and isolated applications. This transformation is primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of inverter-based energy resources. In isolated MGs, ensuring high power quality becomes a paramount concern due to the presence of potentially disruptive loads and the risk of resonance issues arising from the integration of multiple electronically interfaced distributed energy resources (DERs) and loads. This study focuses on assessing the performance of the Zero Harmonic Distortion (ZHD) control method when applied to grid-forming converters in both stand-alone and parallel operation modes. The distinctive feature of this converter lies in its inherent ability to generate a sinusoidal voltage source without the need for capacitive filtering components, which can adversely affect cost, efficiency, and size while potentially contributing to resonance problems. This is achieved through a judicious combination of harmonic cancellation within a three-winding transformer and the utilization of Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHE PWM) dismissing a closed-loop control structure. Simulation results presented in this work demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the ZHD grid-forming converter. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： ac microgrids Distributed generation grid forming converters power converters power systems selective harmonic elimination

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computer Vision-Based Hydroponic Lettuce Contour and Area Recognition System

Computer Vision-Based Hydroponic Lettuce Contour and Area Re...

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2023 International Conference on electrical engineering and Informatics, ICEEI 2023

作者： Pranowo, Samuel Raymond Sukra, Zener Lie Asy'ari, Muhammad Zacky Paryasto, Marisa Binus Aso School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department Jakarta Indonesia Telkom University Computer Engineering Program Electrical Engineering Department Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381290

Agriculture is a vital industry for the people of Indonesia, but there are several obstacles, including limited space in urban areas and inefficient conventional sorting and harvesting methods. Using computer vision to choose hydroponic lettuce that is ready to be harvested and a robotic arm to bring the selected lettuce yields, the produced system aims to solve this problem. The system's computer vision algorithms include color space conversion, intensity transformation, and an algorithm for following borders. This project's research methodology combines a quantitative approach with an experimental approach, which consists of conducting several trials on the built system. Several trials demonstrated that the computer vision software was able to accomplish the specified objectives. The average success rate of the developed computer vision system is 93%, while the average success rate of the robot arm is 85%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Lettuce

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