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Antimatter-initiated microfusion: Direct energy conversion for propulsion applications

AIP Conference Proceedings 2002年第1期608卷 787-788页

作者： Kevin J. Kramer Gerald A. Smith 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16801 2NASA Graduate Student Research Program Fellow 3Professor Emeritus Department of Physics Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16801

An analysis has been performed on major components of a direct energy conversion system DIPEC (Direct Propellant Ionization Energy Conversion) for AIMStar (Antimatter-Initiated Microfusion Starship) propulsion applications to deep space. Results for distributed energies, efficiencies, thrust and 1sp are presented.

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Left ventricular geometry immediately following defibrillation-strength shocks

Left ventricular geometry immediately following defibrillati...

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Computers in Cardiology (CinC)

作者： V. Ramanathan B. Hoffmeister A. de Jongh Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering University of Tennessee Health Science Center USA Department of Physics Rhodes College Memphis USA

A previous 2D ultrasound study (R.A. Malkin et al., 2001) suggested that there is relaxation of the myocardium after defibrillation. However, that 2D study could not measure activity occurring within the first 33 ms following the shock. Thus, the objective of our study is to determine the left ventricular (LV) geometry during this period. Biphasic defibrillation shocks were delivered to seven dogs. 1D short-axis ultrasound images of the LV cavity were acquired, the boundary of the anterior and posterior endocardial walls was extracted and the distance between them computed from 32 ms before to 32 ms after the shock. The normalized mean pre- and post-shock slopes were 0.2 /spl plusmn/ 2.2 and 3.3 /spl plusmn/ 7.9 %/10 ms, respectively. The post-shock LV diameter slope is positive in the first 32 ms following both successful and unsuccessful defibrillation shocks (p<0.05). Therefore, our results confirm that the bulk of the myocardium is relaxing immediately after a defibrillation shock.

关键词： Geometry Electric shock Defibrillation Ultrasonic imaging Pulse measurements Myocardium Ultrasonic variables measurement Biomedical measurements Dogs Sampling methods

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Contributory presentations/posters

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Journal of Biosciences 1999年第1期24卷 33-198页

作者： N. Manoj V. R. Srinivas A. Surolia M. Vijayan K. Suguna R. Ravishankar R. Schwarzenbacher K. Zeth Diederichs G. M. Kostner A. Gries P. Laggner R. Prassl Madhusudan Pearl Akamine Nguyen-huu Xuong Susan S. Taylor M. Bidva Sagar K. Saikrishnan S. Roy K. Purnapatre P. Handa U. Varshney B. K. Biswal N. Sukumar J. K. Mohana Rao A. Johnson Vasantha Pattabhi S. Sri Krishna Mira Sastri H. S. Savithri M. R. N. Murthy Bindu Pillai Kannan M. V. Hosur Mukesh Kumar Swati Patwardhan K. K. Kannan B. Padmanabhaa S. Sasaki-Sugio M. Nukaga T. Matsuzaki S. Karthikevan S. Sharma A. K. Sharma M. Paramasivam P. Kumar J. A. Khan S. Yadav A. Srinivasan T. P. Singh S. Gourinath Neelima Alam A. Srintvasan Vikas Chandra Punit Kaur Ch. Betzel S. Ghosh A. K. Bera S. Bhattacharya S. Chakraborty A. K. Pal B. P. Mukhopadhyay I. Dey U. Haldar Asok Baneriee Jozef Sevcik Adriana Solovicova K. Sekar M. Sundaralingam N. Genov Dong-cai Liang Tao Jiang Ji-ping Zhang Wen-rui Chang Wolfgang Jahnke Marcel Blommers S. C. Panchal R. V. Hosur Bindu Pillay Puniti Mathur S. Srivatsun Ratan Mani Joshi N. R. Jaganathan V. S. Chauhan H. S. Atreya S. C. Sahu K. V. R. Chary Girjesh Govil Elisabeth Adjadj Éric Quinjou Nadia Izadi-Pruneyre Yves Blouquit Joël Mispelter Bernadette Heyd Guilhem Lerat Philippe Milnard Michel Desmadreil Y. Lin B. D. Nageswara Rao Vidva Raghunathan Mei H. Chau Prashant Pesais Sudha Srivastava Evans Coutinho Anil Saran Leizl F. Sapico Jayson Gesme Herbert Lijima Raymond Paxton Thamarapu Srikrishnan C. R. Grace G. Nagenagowda A. M. Lynn Sudha M. Cowsik Sarata C. Sahu S. Chauhan A. Bhattacharya G. Govil Anil Kumar Maurizio Pellecchia Erik R. P. Zuiderweg Keiichi Kawano Tomoyasu Aizawa Naoki Fujitani Yoichi Hayakawa Atsushi Ohnishi Tadayasu Ohkubo Yasuhiro Kumaki Kunio Hikichi Katsutoshi Nitta V. Rani Parvathy R. M. Kini Takumi Koshiba Yoshihiro Kobashigawa Min Yao Makoto Demura Astushi Nakagawa Isao Tanaka Kunihiro Kuwajima Jens Linge Seán O. Donoghue Michael Nilges G. Chakshusmathi Girish S. Ratnaparkhi P. K. Madhu R. Varadarajan C. Tetreau Molecular Biophysics Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Austrian Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics and X-ray Structure Research Graz Austria Faculty of Biology University of Konstanz Germany Institute of Medical Biochemistry University of Graz Austria Howard Huges Medical Institute Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California La Jolla USA Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California San Diego La Jolla USA Molecular Biophysics Unit India Department of Microbiology &Cell Biology Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Macromolecular Structure Laboratory NCI - Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center ABL - Basic Research Program Frederick USA Department of Crystallography and Biophysics University of Madras Chennai Biochemistry Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Condensed Matter Physics Division B.A.R.C. Trombay Mumbai Condensed Matter Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai IMCB The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Yokohama Research Center Yokohama Japan Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University Chiba Japan Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical sciences New Delhi India Institüt Physiologische Chemie Hamburg Germany Biophysics Department Bose Institute Calcutta India Slovak Academy of Sciences Institute of Molecular Biology Bratislava Slovakia Indian Institute of Science Bioinformatics Centre Bangalore Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry Biological Macromolecular Structure Center USA Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Organic Chemistry Sofia Bulgaria Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Beijing China Novartis Pharma AG Preclinical Research Basel Switzerland Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India Solid State Physics Div

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Lasers, waveguides and fibers for 3.0 μn medical applications. 2

Lasers, waveguides and fibers for 3.0 μn medical applicatio...

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2nd GR-I International Conference on New Laser Technologies and Applications

作者： Serafetinides, A.A. Papayannis, A.D. Fabrikesi, E.T. Rickwood, K.R. Wang, Y. Shi, Y.W. Miyagi, M. Croitoru, N. Harrington, J. Nubling, R. National Technical University of Athens Department of Physics Zografou Campus Athens157 80 Greece University of Essex Department of Physics ColchesterC04 3SQ United Kingdom Tohoku University Electrical Communications Department Graduate School of Engineering Sendai780 77 Japan Tel Aviv University Department of Electrical Engineering 69978 Israel State University of New Jersey - Rutgers Fiber Optic Materials Research Program PiscatawayNJ08855-0909 United States

In the last few years, there has been an increasing interest for the 3.0 μm laser radiation, as this wavelength is very strongly absorbed by the water and the other components of soft and hard tissue, in various medical applications, as soft tissue treatment, atherosclerotic plaques removal, treatment of eye lenses, vitreous surgery, hard tissue treatment, bone cutting and drilling, dentistry applications etc. For all these medical applications reliable lasers emitting in the 3.0 μm wavelength range are needed and thus an intensive development effort is going on throughout the world. Our laser development effort, with the EnYAG and the HF lasers, the only lasers emitting in the 3.0 μm wavelength part of the spectrum, in N.T.U.A., is briefly described in this article. For each one of the above possible medical applications, a demand for good flexible delivery systems, for pulsed Er:YAG or continuous wave and pulsed HF laser radiation arises. Several research groups around the world have suggested some possible solutions and among them are sapphire fibers, zirconium fluoride glasses, hollow metallic waveguides, hollow dielectric waveguides, hollow plastic waveguides, etc. In this paper we present the transmission properties of dielectric coated silver hollow glass waveguides fabricated in Japan, dielectric coated quartz waveguides and hollow plastic waveguides fabricated in Israel, sapphire fibers fabricated in U.S.A., and fluoride glass fibers fabricated in France, we compare their straight and bent loss characteristics and we discuss their potential in the above mentioned medical applications. © 1998 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Medical applications

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Behavior of Charge Density Waves in a One-Dimensional Organic Conductor Visualized by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

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Physical Review Letters 1998年第15期81卷 3187-3187页

作者： Tetsuya Nishiguchi Masami Kageshima Norihiko Ara-Kato Akira Kawazu Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Frontier Research Program The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan

Charge density waves (CDW) in a tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF-TCNQ) single crystal have been studied with molecular resolution using a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM). For the first time the periodicities of the CDW along both the a and b axes have been observed and were found to be coincident with those of the 2kF CDW. The influence of crystal singularities on the ordering of the CDW along the a axis was also revealed.

关键词： Organic conductors

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Applying fuzzy functions and sequential coordination to optimization of machinery arrangement and pipe routing

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第6期110卷 43-54页

作者： Wu, BC Young, GS Schmidt, W Choppella, K Dr. Bi-Chu Wu:received a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park in 1991. She has worked on projects involving naval architecture design optimization solid mechanics and database development. Presently a senwr engineer with Angle Incorporated Dr Wu's research interests are in design optimization and fuzzy logic applications. Dr. Gin-Shu Young: a senior engineer with Angle Incorporated holds a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park. As a guest researcher with National Institute of Standards and Technologies from 1990 to 1993 he worked on vision-based navigation for autonomous vehicles. His experience also includes applications of optimization fuzzy logic neural network and genetic algorithm methods to engineering system design Mr. William Schmidt:co-founded Angle Incorporated in 1990 and has served as Vice PresidentlChiefScientist during this tame. He holds a B.Sc. in Applied Science from the Naval Acadt?my and an M.Sc. in Physics from the Naval Post Graduate School. He has cner 20 years experience in technical leadership material and personnel management. He has led the application of computer aided design (CAD) and Product Model Information Exchange to the shipbuilding industry. His experience also includes leading the amlication of model based operational analysis to support the Live Fire Test Program for DDG 51 Class Destroyers. Mr. Krishna M. Choppella:is a Sofware Engineer at Eidea Laboratories Incotporated where he works on componentbased distributed enterpvise frameworks. He has been involved in creating data analysis tools for the US Nay by integrating CAD modeis databases and graphical front ends. His work in the Masters degree program in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin was in di0ddase.r spectroscopy of combustion products in porous-matri burners. He received his Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering in India. He was a Research Associate at the Centre for Laser Technology and Project Engi

Ship design is often multidisciplinary involving several design elements with various types of objectives and constraints (O/C) some easily described as mathematical formulas, others better modeled as descriptive assertions. This paper describes a method based on fuzzy functions and an integrated performance index to model O/C using descriptive assertions to be used with mathematical formulas in optimization. Another issue addressed in this paper concerns the coordination of design elements when sequentially coupled, that is, when one leads the other and the performance of the follower depends greatly on the design of the leader. Based on neuro-fuzzy techniques, the method described here coordinates and optimizes sequentially coupled elements. The two methods are applied to machinery arrangement (MA) and pipe routing (PR). Preliminary models for optimization of MA and PR are described considering convenience, producibility: engine room size, interference and location as factors in the O/C set. Some test results from MA/PR applications are presented and discussed. The methods are generic and can be extended to other elements in ship design. They are mutually independent and may be used separately Two advantages of their use are an improvement in overall performance and a reduction in the need for redesign of elements.

关键词： Optimization

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Characteristics and growth processes of a surface oxidized layer formed on Al-Y alloy films

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第9期79卷 78-87页

作者： Takeyama, M Noya, A Murakami, Y Sasaki, K Faculty of Engineering Kitami Institute of Technology Kitami Japan 090 Education: Kitami Institute of Technology B.S. 1991. Academic appointments: Kitami Institute of Technology faculty member 1991 research associate 1993. Research interest: thin films for use in electronics. Membership: Applied Physics Society of Japan. Education: Muroran Institute of Technology B.S. 1974 Hokkaido University D.Eng. 1980. Academic appointments: Kitami Institute of Technology research associate (1980) lecturer (1990) associate professor (1991) professor (1994). Research interests: thin films especially in electronics and their evaluation. Membership: Applied Physics Society of Japan. Education: Kitami University of Technology B.S. 1994 master's degree in progress. Research interest: thin-film materials for electronics. Membership: Applied Physics Society of Japan. Education: Hokkaido University B.S. 1967 Hokkaido Institute of Electrical Engineering graduate program D.Eng. Academic appointments: Kitami Institute of Technology lecturer (1975) associate professor (1979) professor (1990). Research interests: thin-film materials for electronics electronic properties of materials LSI thin-film technology. Memberships: Applied Physics Society of Japan Japan Chemical Society.

The formation process as well as the characteristics of a surface oxidized layer formed on Al-Y alloy films are examined. Al in the alloy forms a thin Al2O3 layer due to more oxidation Pt the alloy surface. In an alloy of Al-rich composition, if the Al2O3 surface layer (which is comparable to that formed on pure Al) is formed, the layer maintains its ability to be a self-passivating oxide layer. In those alloys that form an unduly thin Al2O3 surface layer, introduction of oxygen from the ambient environment cannot be curtailed. As a result, oxidation proceeds and the formation of Y2O3 and reduced Al is observed within the oxide layer. In the oxidized layer, the oxidation state of the lesser amount of oxide is affected by that of the greater amount oxide;this reflects a shift in binding energy of the XPS spectra for the minor element. It is shown that the formation process of the alloy is dominated by the differences of ionization potential, an element affinity, formation heat, a diffusing species and the transport behavior of cations and/or anions.

关键词： Al-Y alloy films self-passivating oxide layer XPS spectra

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High-frequency analysis of radiation field excited by incident whispering-gallery mode over concave-to-convex boundary

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第7期79卷 10-21页

作者： Goto, K Ishihara, T National Defense Academy Yokosuka Japan 239 Graduated in 1984 from the Department of Electrical Engineering National Defense Academy where he completed the graduate program in 1989. At present he is a Research Associate. He has been engaged in research on the propagation and scattering of the electromagnetic waves. Received his B.S. (equivalent) degree in Electrical Engineering from the National Defense Academy of Japan in 1970 his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the Polytechnic Institute of New York (presently the Polytechnic University) Farmingdale NY in 1975 and 1978 respectively and a Dr. of Eng. degree from Tohoku University Sendai Japan in 1983. From June to December 1978 he was a Research Fellow of the Polytechnic Institute of New York. From January 1979 to March 1982 he was with the Defense Research Center of the Defense Agency. In April 1982 he became a Lecturer at the National Defense Academy. From September 1984 through February 1985 he was a Visiting Scholar at the Polytechnic Institute of New York. In 1985 he became an Associate Professor at the National Defense Academy where he was promoted to Professor in 1990. He has been engaged in research on propagation and scattering of electromagnetic waves and acoustic waves. He is a member of the IEEE the Acoustic Society of Japan the Applied Physics Society and the Ocean Acoustic Society.

An asymptotic method of analysis is studied for the radiation field when the lowest-order whispering gallery (WG) modes propagating from the concave side of the concave-to-convex boundary with a variable radius of curvature are radiated into the free-space on the convex side. The modal ray congruences of the WG mode are radiated into the free space after being converted to geometrical rays. Both the caustics and the shadow boundaries are created in the space. As the expression of the radiated field near the caustic, the modal rays incident into the concave part are used for deriving the physical optics integral. By applying the high-frequency asymptotic analysis in the case of two saddle points closely spaced to the evaluation of the integral, the uniform asymptotic solution was derived. Also, as the radiating field on the sufficiently shadow side of the caustic, the complex ray solution was derived. On the other hand, as the radiating field in the transition region near the shadow boundary caused by the convex region, an asymptotic solution was derived in the form of an extension of the conventional UTD (Uniform GTD) to the case where the geometrical ray converted from the modal ray is incident to the boundary. The numerical results obtained by various asymptotic expressions are compared with the reference solution and the geometrical optics figure drawn by the modal ray tracing. The effectiveness of the asymptotic solution and the propagation and radiation phenomena of the WG mode were derived.

关键词： whispering-gallery mode concave-to-convex boundary radiating field high-frequency asymptotic analysis modal ray

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INFLUENCE OF ION-BOMBARDMENT ON A-SI-H FILMS FABRICATED BY PLASMA CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1995年第2期78卷 70-78页

作者： KATO, I YONEDA, T MATSUSHITA, T Member School of Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan 169 Nonmembers Torn Matsushita:received his B.E. degree in 1993 from the Department of Electronic and Communications Waseda University where at present he is in the graduate program engaged in research on microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. He is a member of the Applied Physics Society.

Plasma parameters of Ar/SiH4 plasma were measured as a function of de bias in a double-tubed coaxial line-type microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus. The results indicate that it is possible to control the ion bombardment energy without affecting either the gas phase reaction or ion flux density incident to the substrate. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon films were deposited as a function of the ion bombardment energy and characteristics of the deposited films were investigated. The results indicate that the ion bombardment improves film density, bonding characteristics of hydrogen, and optical band gap but increases the concentration of dangling bonds due to Ar ion implantation. The ion bombardment not only causes the heating of the films but also induces sputtering and ion implantation.

关键词： PLASMA CVD A-SI, H DC BIAS VOLTAGE SHEATH VOLTAGE ION BOMBARDMENT

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SHIP SELF-DEFENSE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 208-219页

作者： POLK, J MCCANTS, T GRABAREK, R James Polk:is currently a principal financial and technical advisor for PRC Inc. He is working in support of PEO (TAD) Ship Self-Defense Program in several areas including performance assessment. He retired from the Navy in 1991 after several years at sea and various material command assignment including command of Caron (DD-970) and Aegis technical director. He is an ASNE Member who has an MS in physics from the Naval Postgraduate School. He graduated from the University of Notre Dame with a BS in civil engineering and earned his commission through the NROTC program there. Thomas H. McCants Jr.:is currently a principal system engineer in the ship defense department of the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division. He is supporting the PEO (TAD) in systems engineering and analysis and is supporting the Office of Naval Research in a 6.2 Ship Self-Defense program. He was previously the lead lab program manager for STANDARD Missile led the Aegis Systems Analysis and T&E organization at NSWC was Phalanx CIWS lead lab program manager and was the air target vulnerability program manager at the Center. In 1977–78 Mr. McCants was the NSAP science advisor to COMOPTEVFOR Norfolk. He graduated from VPI&SU with a BS in aerospace engineering and is pursuing a MS in systems engineering from VPI&SU. Robert Grabarek:is currently an electronics engineer in the requirements and analysis branch of the Ship Self-Defense Program Office. He is a 1981 graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and served six years on active duty as a surface warfare officer. He has earned his MA in operations research and industrial engineering from VPI&SU.

Robust ship AAW defense capability is a priority requirement that enables Naval Forces to conduct joint expeditionary force operations in littoral environments. As an aid to achieving this capability for all ship classes, the Navy has reorganized its management of ship defense. A major focus of these efforts is the development of a fully automatic, integrated combat system for non-Aegis ships which is based on coordinated detection, control, and hard kill/electronic warfare (HK/EW) engagement functions. A phased approach to attaining this fully integrated capability has been established which includes major element upgrade introduction when technology and budget permit. This paper describes the ship self-defense performance assessment methodology which has been adopted to support the review and decision process for future planning and budgeting. This process is a continuation and refinement of that used to provide data for the Office of the Secretary of Defense Fall 1991 Conventional Systems Committee Ship Self-Defense Review. The performance assessment methodology starts with definition of survivability requirements by ship class, combat system configurations, Anti-Ship Missile threat, and operational scenario. Viable self-defense system element options are then identified. The capability of these options are then characterized for input into ship level performance prediction models. Three partitions of performance prediction modeling are made: hard kill elements only, electronic warfare element only, and integrated HK/EW. The most significant accomplishment of this effort, beyond providing data to support programmatic decision, has been the creation of a truly integrated HK/EW surface ship combat system model that interleaves HK and EW timelines and allows parametric variation to evaluate options. Because of classification, only generic examples of numerical result will be presented. However, the procedures for establishing the modelling process, prioritization of

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