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Quantum aspects of hydrodynamic transport from weak electron-impurity scattering

Physical Review B 2020年第12期101卷 121107(R)-121107(R)页

作者： Aaron Hui Samuel Lederer Vadim Oganesyan Eun-Ah Kim School of Applied & Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Department of Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Staten Island CUNY Staten Island New York 10314 USA Physics Program and Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences The Graduate Center CUNY New York New York 10016 USA

Recent experimental observations of apparently hydrodynamic electronic transport have generated much excitement. However, the understanding of the observed nonlocal transport (whirlpool) effects and parabolic (Poiseuille-like) current profiles has largely been motivated by a phenomenological analogy to classical fluids. This is due to difficulty in incorporating strong correlations in quantum mechanical calculation of transport, which has been the primary angle for interpreting the apparently hydrodynamic transport. Here we demonstrate that even free-fermion systems, in the presence of (inevitable) disorder, exhibit nonlocal conductivity effects such as those observed in experiments because of the fermionic system's long-range entangled nature. On the basis of explicit calculations of the conductivity at finite wave vector, σ(q), for selected weakly disordered free-fermion systems, we propose experimental strategies for demonstrating distinctive quantum effects in nonlocal transport at odds with the expectations of classical kinetic theory. Our results imply that the observation of whirlpools or other “hydrodynamic” effects does not guarantee the dominance of electron-electron scattering over electron-impurity scattering.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Quantum field theory Disordered systems Hydrodynamics

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Non-Hermitian CNH=2 Chern insulator protected by generalized rotational symmetry

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Physical Review B 2022年第8期105卷 L081112-L081112页

作者： Kai Chen Alexander B. Khanikaev Department of Physics City College of New York New York 10031 NY United States Department of Electrical Engineering Grove School of Engineering City College of the City University of New York 140th Street and Convent Avenue New York 10031 NY United States Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York 10016 NY United States

We propose a non-Hermitian topological system protected by the generalized rotational symmetry which invokes rotation in space and Hermitian conjugation. The system, described by the tight-binding model with reciprocal imaginary next-nearest-neighbor hopping, is found to host two pairs of in-gap edge modes in the gapped topological phase, and is characterized by the non-Hermitian (NH) Chern number CNH=2. The quantization of the NH Chern number is shown to be protected by the generalized rotational symmetry Ĥ+(gk⃗)=ÛgĤ(k⃗)Ûg+ of the system. Our finding paves the way towards non-Hermitian topological systems characterized by large values of topological invariants and hosting multiple in-gap edge states, which can be used for topologically resilient multiplexing.

关键词： Edge states Hall effect Topological insulators Topological materials Topological phases of matter

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Influence of Treatment Time on the Synthesis of Copper Oxide Films by Cathode Cage Plasma Deposition

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： de Carvalho, Júlio F.S. Monção, Renan M. de Sousa, Ediones M. da Luz Lima, Cleânio Costa, Carla L.S.C. Garcia, Ramón R.P. Feitor, Michelle C. de Carvalho Costa, Thércio H. Libório, Maxwell S. de Sousa, Rômulo R.M. Federal University of Piauí Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering PI Teresina Brazil Federal University of Piauí Physics Postgraduate Program PI Teresina Brazil Federal university of Rio Grande do Norte Department of Materials Science and Engineering RN Natal Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Department of Mechanical Engineering RN Natal Brazil Federal university of Rio Grande do Norte School of Science and Technology RN Natal Brazil

Copper oxide is a valuable p-type semiconductor for photovoltaic applications. In this work, plasma deposition with cathodic cage (CCPD) of copper oxide (CuO+Cu2O) films on glass was performed to evaluate the microstructural, morphological, chemical, and bandgap changes as a function of the treatment time variation (2, 3, 4, and 5 hours). The samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive System (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Raman Spectroscopy to identify morphologies, chemical composition, and crystalline phases of the deposited films, and the absorption spectrum optics was used to calculate the bandgap width. All films showed bandgap energies around 2.60 eV. However, the sample treated with a time of 3h presented a compact coating with 1.46 µm of thickness and bandgap energy equal to 2.57 eV, being the best result. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy gap

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Nanoscale application and measurement of high force using DNA Origami nanocalipers 17

Nanoscale application and measurement of high force using DN...

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17th Annual Conference on Foundations of Nanoscience: Self-Assembled Architectures and Devices, FNANO 2020

作者： Darcy, Michael Wang, Yuchen Crocker, Kyle Le, Jenny Bundschuh, Ralf Castro, Carlos Poirier, Michael Department of Physics United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering United States Biophysics Graduate Program Ohio State University United States

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Spacetime evolution of lepton number densities and wave-packet-like effects for neutrino flavor and chiral oscillations in quantum field theory

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Physical Review D 2023年第5期108卷 056009-056009页

作者： Apriadi Salim Adam Nicholas J. Benoit Yuta Kawamura Yamato Matsuo Takuya Morozumi Yusuke Shimizu Naoya Toyota Research Center for Quantum Physics National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) South Tangerang 15314 Indonesia Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan Yokkaichi city Mie Japan Akashi city Hyogo Japan Core of Research for the Energetic Universe Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan Hiroshima city Hiroshima Japan

We present a formulation of lepton family numbers, based on quantum field theory, for neutrino oscillation phenomenology that can be applied to nonrelativistic and relativistic energies for neutrinos. It is formulated for both types of neutrinos, Dirac and Majorana. The formulation is constructed as the time evolution of a lepton family number density operator. Then, the time evolution of the lepton family number density operator becomes dependent on the mass and new features appear. The expectation value of the density operator is evaluated for the initial state with a Gaussian distribution for the momentum amplitude. This enables us to study wave-packet-like decoherence effects. We show in the nonrelativistic regime, the type of neutrino mass are distinguishable even under the presence of wave-packet-like decoherence effects.

关键词： Neutrino oscillations Quantum field theory Neutrinos Mass

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Magnetically tuned continuous transition from weak to strong coupling in terahertz magnon polaritons

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Physical Review Research 2023年第1期5卷 L012039-L012039页

作者： Andrey Baydin Kenji Hayashida Takuma Makihara Fuyang Tay Xiaoxuan Ma Wei Ren Guohong Ma G. Timothy Noe, II Ikufumi Katayama Jun Takeda Hiroyuki Nojiri Shixun Cao Motoaki Bamba Junichiro Kono Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Division of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures and Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University 200444 Shanghai China Department of Physics Graduate School of Engineering Science Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Physics I Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency Kawaguchi 332-0012 Japan Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

Depending on the relative rates of coupling and dissipation, a light-matter coupled system is either in the weak- or strong-coupling regime. Here, we present a unique system where the coupling rate continuously increases with an externally applied magnetic field while the dissipation rate remains constant, allowing us to monitor a weak-to-strong coupling transition as a function of magnetic field. We observed a Rabi splitting of a terahertz magnon mode in yttrium orthoferrite above a threshold magnetic field of ∼14 T. Based on a microscopic theoretical model, we show that with increasing magnetic field the magnons transition into magnon polaritons through an exceptional point, which will open up new opportunities for in situ control of non-Hermitian systems.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism High magnetic fields Magneto-optics Magnons Polaritons Non-Hermitean systems Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy Transfer matrix method

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Cavity-coupled telecom atomic source in silicon

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Johnston, Adam Felix-Rendon, Ulises Wong, Yu-En Chen, Songtao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Atomic defects in solid-state materials are promising candidates for quantum interconnect and networking applications. Recently, a series of atomic defects have been identified in the silicon platform, where scalable device integration can be enabled by mature silicon photonics and electronics technologies. In particular, T centers hold great promise due to their telecom band optical transitions and the doublet ground state electronic spin manifold with long coherence times. However, an open challenge for advancing the T center platform is to enhance its weak and slow zero phonon line emission. In this work, we demonstrate the cavity-enhanced fluorescence emission from a single T center. This is realized by integrating single T centers with a low-loss, small mode-volume silicon photonic crystal cavity, which results in an enhancement of the fluorescence decay rate by a factor of F = 6.89. Efficient photon extraction enables the system to achieve an average photon outcoupling rate of 73.3 kHz at the zero phonon line. The dynamics of the coupled system is well modeled by solving the Lindblad master equation. These results represent a significant step towards building efficient T center spin-photon interfaces for quantum information processing and networking applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Silicon photonics

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Lepton Family Numbers and Non-Relativistic Majorana Neutrinos

Lepton Family Numbers and Non-Relativistic Majorana Neutrino...

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2021 International Conference on Beyond Standard Model: From Theory To Experiment, BSM 2021

作者： Adam, Apriadi Salim Benoit, Nicholas J. Kawamura, Yuta Mastuo, Yamato Morozumi, Takuya Shimizu, Yusuke Tokunaga, Yuya Toyota, Naoya Serpong PUSPIPTEK Area Tangerang Selatan15314 Indonesia Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering and Core of Research for the Energetic Universe Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Hakozaki Higashi-Ku Fukuoka812-0053 Japan

In this talk, we have reviewed the recent development on the time evolution of lepton family number carried by Majorana neutrinos [1]. This article focuses on the subtle points of the derivation of the lepton family numbers and their time evolution. We also show how the time evolution is sensitive to meeand meμcomponents of the effective Majorana mass matrix by applying the formula to the two family case. The dependence on the Majorana phase is clarified and the implication on CNB (cosmic neutrino background) is also discussed. © 2021 CERN. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cosmology

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Analysis of organic Rankine cycle based on thermal and exergy efficiency

Analysis of organic Rankine cycle based on thermal and exerg...

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2019 International Conference on Renewable Energy, ICORE 2019

作者： Eryanto, G. Pambudi, N.A. Wijayanto, D.S. Biddinika, M.K. Hijriawan, M. Kuncoro, I.W. Wibowo, K.M. Ma'Arif, M. Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia School of Environment and Society Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Mechanical Engineering Department of Graduate Program Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Physics Department of Graduate Program Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia

The binary power plant is a geothermal power generation system used at low to medium temperature levels and used indirect system. In this system, the heat generated from the reservoir is channelled to the secondary working fluid which has a lower boiling point than water using a heat exchanger. In this case, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a suitable system for use. This improves the performance and efficiency of the plants. However, in this system, the installation configuration of the ORC model is an important factor that can affect its performance. The selection of an improper ORC design reduces the thermal efficiency of the system. Therefore, it cannot utilize heat optimally. In this study, engineering Equation Solution (EES) simulation program is used to run the system as in operation conditions. A comparative analysis is conducted using ORC, Regenerative ORC (RORC), and RORC with Internal Heat Exchanger (IHE). The results indicate that RORC with IHE has the greatest value for both energy (21.74%) and exergy efficiency (25.26%) while net power produced 5479 kW. This shows the addition of OFOH and IHE can increase these factors, improve performance and reduce energy degradation from the cycle. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Rankine cycle

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Gapless symmetry-protected topological phase of quantum antiferromagnets on anisotropic triangular strip

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Physical Review B 2022年第14期106卷 144436-144436页

作者： Yuichiro Hidaka Shunsuke C. Furuya Atsushi Ueda Yasuhiro Tada Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8581 Japan Department of Physics Ibaraki University Mito Ibaraki 310-8512 Japan Department of Basic Science University of Tokyo Meguro Tokyo 153-8902 Japan Quantum Matter Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Hiroshima 739-8530 Japan

We study a three-leg spin-1/2 ladder with geometrically frustrated interleg interactions. We call this model an anisotropic triangular-strip (ATS) model. We numerically and field-theoretically show that its ground state belongs to a gapless symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase. The numerical approach is based on density-matrix renormalization group analyses of the entanglement entropy and the entanglement spectrum. Whereas the entanglement entropy exhibits a critical behavior, the entanglement spectrum is nontrivially degenerate. These entanglement properties imply that the ground state is a gapless topological phase. We investigate the ATS model using a quantum field theory to support the numerical findings. When the frustrated interchain interaction is deemed a perturbation acting on the three spin chains, the frustrated interchain interaction almost isolates the second chain from the other two chains. However, at the same time, the second chain mediates a ferromagnetic interaction between the first and third chains. Therefore, the ground state of the ATS model is a gapless Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid weakly coupled to a spin-1 Haldane chain with irrelevant interactions. Last but not least, we show that the gapless SPT phase of the ATS model is a symmetry-protected critical phase. We point out that the symmetry protection of criticality is essential in characterization of the gapless SPT phase.

关键词： Entanglement entropy Symmetry protected topological states Strongly correlated systems Bosonization Density matrix renormalization group Quantum spin chains

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