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Modeling supports the implementation of urban greening as a response to the challenges of sustainable spatial planning

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Journal of Environmental Management 2025年 386卷 125648页

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Da Seul Lee, Dong Kun Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong Kowloon Tong China Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Forest Disaster & Environment Department National Institute of Forest Science Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Urban greening is critical for sustainable urban development, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation. However, the effectiveness of urban greening varies depending on the specific goals (e.g., enhancing biodiversity, reducing urban heat, or both) and their spatial implementation. To address the spatial variability in the effectiveness of greening, we propose a spatial decision support model based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). This model aims to optimize urban greening locations to maximize biomass density, mitigate urban heat stress, and improve landscape connectivity. Applied to Suwon City, South Korea, the model's effectiveness was evaluated against a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario across four scenarios: connectivity-based, biomass density-based, heat stress-based, and an integrated-based scenario. The integrated approach, balancing trade-offs between ecological benefits and implementation costs, outperformed the BAU scenario by 8.84 %. Despite highlighting a weaker correlation with heat stress mitigation, this outcome indicates significant improvements in biomass density and landscape connectivity. Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated planning approach to urban greening, as it can contribute toward attaining urban development goals. Additionally, by proposing an app-based model for policymakers, our outputs should enable the reconciliation of multiple environmental objectives in urban landscapes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biotic

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Ancient Palace Gardens of Korea: the water purification system of Wolji Pond, a world heritage site

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landscape History 2021年第1期42卷 5-19页

作者： Kim, Hyung-Suk Sim, Woo-Kyung Department of Environmental Planning & Landscape Architecture Graduate School Korea University Seoul South Korea Landscape Architecture Program Korea University Seoul South Korea

The Wolji Pond is part of an ancient palace garden belonging to the Gyeongju Historic Areas of Korea, designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000. The traditional pond is remarkable as it introduced a fresh-water supply and drainage systems to increase water circulation and prevent water from becoming stagnant thus negatively affecting its quality. This study is the first examination of the system used to improve water quality through water purification and illustrates how the water supply system at the site consists of four interconnected stages to ensure a stable oxygen supply and sufficient water circulation through the strategic placement of differently sized islands, and a drainage system that allows for the discharge of water from the ground floor. The study classifies the features and types of traditional Korean ponds and compares these to those found at the Wolji pond;followed by a water quality survey conducted through portable devices and a simulation of the water flow to highlight the uniquely advanced nature of the site, which clearly indicate that the ancient architects at Wolji had considerable knowledge of hydrodynamics as well as a keen aesthetic taste. The garden design at Wolji evidently took the passage of time into account as well as maintenance after completion and has much to inspire and influence modern landscape architects. The purpose of the study is to consider and develop aspects of the ancient water purification system that can be incorporated into modern garden design to solve contemporary water quality problems. © 2021 Society for landscape Studies.

关键词： Garden design Gyeongju Historic Areas Imhaejeon Palace Site water drainage system water supply system Wolji Pond

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Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of ethnicminority villages in China using geospatial technology and statistical models

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2770-2789页

作者： SHAO Dandan ZOH Kyungjin Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Graduate School of Environmental Studies Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial *** are a special type of settlement space that preserve a large number of historical traces of the ethnic culture of ancient *** are important carriers of China’s excellent traditional culture and are key to the implementation of rural revitalization *** this study,1652 EMV in China were selected as the research *** Nearest Neighbor Index,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation index were employed to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of minority *** network models,spatial lag models,and geographical detectors were used to analyze the formation mechanism of spatial heterogeneity in *** results indicate that:(1)EMV exhibit significant spatial differentiation characterized by“single-core with multiple surrounding sub-centers,”“polarization between east and west,”“decreasing quantity from southwest to east coast to northeast to northwest,”and“large dispersion with small agglomeration.”(2)EMV are mainly distributed in areas rich in intangible cultural heritage,with high vegetation coverage and low altitude,far from central cities,and having limited arable land and an underdeveloped economy and transportation,particularly in shaded or riverbank areas.(3)Distance from the nearest river(X3),distance from central cities(X8),national intangible cultural heritage(X9),and NDVI(X10)were the main driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of EMV,whereas elevation(X1)and GDP(X5)had the weakest *** EMV are a relatively unique territorial spatial unit,the identification of their spatial heterogeneity characteristics not only deepens the research content of settlement geography,but also involves the assessment,protection,and development of Minority Villages,which is of great significance for the inheritance and utilization of excellent

关键词： Ethnic-Minority Villages Spatial structure Settlement geography Neural network model Spatial econometric model GeoDetector

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Preservation of Nutmeg Tree (Myristica fragrans Houtt) used as Bogor's Local Culinary Ingredient for the Strengtheness of Urban landscape Identity 6

Preservation of Nutmeg Tree (Myristica fragrans Houtt) used ...

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6th International Conference of Jabodetabek Study Forum 2018

作者： Samantha, Remiya Nurhayati Syartinilia Magister Program of Landscape Architecture Graduate School IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Department of Landscape Architecture Faculty of Agriculture Ipb University Bogor16680 Indonesia

Nutmeg tree (Myristica fragrans) is Indonesian native tree species originating from Maluku Island, especially Ambon and Banda. The spread of nutmeg in Bogor area can be traced back to the Dutch colonial period when different kinds of spices were traded across the Indonesian archipelago and beyond. Having this long history, nutmeg is now widely used in Bogor's culinary. At the national level, it has high economic value and become one of Indonesia's main export products. However, there is little research on nutmeg tree spatial distribution. The objectives of the study were : (1) identify the nutmeg trees spatial distribution in Bogor city (2) mapping the existence and identification of nutmeg trees conditions and growing environment. This research was conducted Bogor City from February - May 2018. The data was obtained through direct interview, study field, and study literature. Data collection is determined based on the distribution of nutmeg trees in Bogor City, and extinct status based on study literature. Furtehermore, the existence of nutmeg trees in Bogor collected used purposive and snowball technique. The results showed that a total of 108 nutmeg trees were found in all sub-districts of Bogor city. These trees grow in a variety of areas such as green corridor, public park, agriculture farm, riverbanks, yard, office park, and cemetery. The results of this study can be used as the basis for determining the preservation strategy and area for nutmeg conservation in Bogor city. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Spatial distribution

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Walkability vs. walking: assessing outcomes of walkability at Southeast False Creek, Vancouver, Canada

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Journal of Urbanism 2019年第4期12卷 456-475页

作者： Girling, Cynthia Zheng, K. Monti, A. Ebneshahidi, M. School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji University Shanghai China Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

If a neighbourhood is designed and built according to best practices for walkable neighbourhood design, will people respond and walk in the public realm? This was a narrowly focused case study of a brownfield redevelopment in Vancouver, Canada, intentionally designed to be highly walkable. Methods included a Walk Score® analysis, both in-person and video observational studies of people using three public spaces over a nine-month period, supplemented with questionnaires. Observational studies and questionnaires revealed high numbers of people using the public spaces for walking and active mobility throughout the year in all weather conditions, validating a very high Walk Score®. However, the study also uncovered unexpected patterns of walking and motivations for walking, which reveals the value of post-occupancy observational and survey studies to fully understand how specific attributes of the neighbourhood landscape may significantly change what people value and how they use the public realm. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： access to nature post occupancy observation social interaction urban greenways walkability index Walkable neighbourhood

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Do China's Outward Direct Investors Prefer Countries with High Political Risk? An International and Empirical Comparison

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China & World Economy 2014年第6期22卷 22-43页

作者： Jiann-jong Guo Guo-chen Wang Chien-hung Tung Institute of China Studies Tamkang University Department of Humanities and Social Science Taiwan Normal University Graduate Program of Landscape Architecture and Recreation National Chung-Hsing University

This paper focuses on a conventional debate regarding whether Chinese outward direct investors tend to invest in countries with high political risk. Using 2003 -2011 data from the World Bank, the Heritage Foundation and the KOF Swiss Economic Institute, we investigate China ＇s political risk distribution and political risk index （PRI）. Our results indicate that China ＂s political risk index was ranked 48th among 153 economies in 2011, in the lower risk level of the PRI spectrum. In an international comparison of political risk distribution, the proportion of Chinese outward direct investment （ODI） among countries with high political risk is less than the world average. The Chinese ODI political risk index has significantly improved and remains lower than the world average. To improve Chinese ODI PRI, the Chinese Government should continue to implement differentiation strategies and to offer official development assistance to improve the investment environment in developing countries and reduce political risk.

关键词： government policy outward direct investment political risk distribution political risk index principal component analysis

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Intermediate-scale Analysis of landscape Characteristics Affecting Edge Formation in Burned Forests in Samcheok,Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 384-397页

作者： Sang-Woo LEE Myoung-Soo WON Joo-Mee LEE Hai-Gyoung KIM Department of Design Konkuk University Kwangjin-Gu Hwayang-DongSeoul 143-701 South Korea Division of Forest Disaster and Fire prevention Korea Forest Research Institute Graduate Program Department of Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning Texas A&M University College Station Yirakjae Landscape Studio Songdong-Gu Hongik-Dong 210Seoul 133-880 South Korea

Compared to burn interiors, edges exhibit distinct biotic and abiotic conditions that include microclimate, wind speed, sunlight levels, soil composition, moisture content, nutrient availability, population density, and species diversity. This study characterized the landscapes in which burned forest edges formed in Samcheok, Korea. Over the study area, 500-m2 grid cells were generated to capture landscape characteristics. Grid cells intersecting burn boundary lines were designated as edge, while cells without these lines were classified as the interior of burned areas. Topographic variables including slope, elevation, topographic wetness index, solar radiation index, and proportions of fuel and land use types within grid cells were computed in a geographical information system(GIS). Correlation analysis with modified t-test and regression tree analysis were performed to explore the influences of landscape variables on edge formation with avoiding spatial autocorrelation problems. The results indicated that edges formed at low elevations with mild slopes, high topographic wetness, and low solar radiation. Edges were unlikely to form in areas dominated by Japanese red pines at low elevations. Moreover, heterogeneous land use/cover types contributed significantly to edge formation. Different forest management strategies for different landscape conditions can be more effective for enhancing resilience of forests to fire. Reducing susceptible fuel types might be effective at low elevations, while enhancing forest heterogeneity might be more effective at high elevations.

关键词： Forest fire Modified t-test, Edge formation Fuel type Topographic characteristics

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Educational Tourism Potentials of Argapura Village, Bogor Regency towards Pongkor UNESCO Global Geopark 4

Educational Tourism Potentials of Argapura Village, Bogor Re...

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4th International Symposium of Sustainable landscape Development, ISSLD 2019

作者： Setianata, A.A. Aidi, M.N. Gunawan, A. Study Program Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science Graduate School IPB University Indonesia Department of Statistics IPB University Indonesia Department of Landscape Architecture IPB University Indonesia

Argapura is one of the village areas in Cigudeg Subdistrict which has potential unique characteristics for a tourist destination, namely Geopark. Argapura Village is one of the Pongkor National Geopark development villages covering 15 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. Pongkor National Geopark is a unitary space with geodiversity, culturediversity and biodiversity which aims to preserve and protect the wealth of natural resources. The geopark is located very close to tourism activities, but the existing tour has not specifically touched the educational aspect (educational tourism). Educational tourism is a tourism packaging program that is loaded with educational values in each of its activities. Argapura Village needs to be developed educational tourism aimed at all visitors. The objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the potential of educational tourism objects in Argapura Village, and to arrange educational tourism program in Argapura Village. Data collection through literature studies, field surveys and interviews with stakeholders. Data analysis using tables and described based on the criteria of educational values and geopark elements. The results of study showed that Argapura Village has two main potential attractions/educational tourism objects, namely Angklung Gubrag and Gudawang Caves. Angklung Gubrag is an educational tourism attraction that has high cultural, historical and religious values. Gudawang Cave is an educational tourism object in the form of karst ecosystem. In addition to the both of tourism objects, there are several other potential tourism objects and characteristics of the Geopark. The Argapura Village educational tourism was compiled includes two main programs, namely the half-day and the full-day visiting programs. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Biodiversity

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Conservation plans for wildlife habitat in the Seom River Basin, Korea 49

Conservation plans for wildlife habitat in the Seom River Ba...

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49th World Congress of the International Federation of landscape Architects, IFLA 2012

作者： Jeong, Seung-Gyu Yu, Myung-Woo Park, ChongHwa Dept. of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Graduate School of EnvironmentalStudies Seoul National University Seoul151-742 Korea Republic of Graduate School of Environmental Studies Seoul National University Seoul151-742 Korea Republic of

River restoration has become a very important scientific and political issue in Korea, too. But the effectiveness of most restoration projects in heavily populated river corridors is doubtful. The purpose of this paper is to develop a wildlife habitat conservation plan for the Seom River, a second tributary of the Han River. The site has high biodiversity, and is home to several protected wildlife species of egrets, sandpipers, leopard cat, and river otter. The conservation plan is based on a comprehensive analysis of field data obtained by using GPS and heat sensor cameras. Spatial data of high resolution image and lidar data were employed for the analysis and evaluation of wildlife habitat, human disturbance such as levees, dams, weirs, other structures. The conservation plan can be summarized as follows. First, the degree of river naturalness and the wildlife habitat suitability of otter, the indicator species of the aquatic ecosystem, have been evaluated. Those river segments with the least human interference(disturbance) and high fish productivity have been classified as the river naturalness class II and prime otter habitats. Areas with poor vegetation cover due to the presence of gabion and other artificial structure have been classified as class III. Second, the conservation plan has been developed based on the IUCN guidelines. Much of the core habitat has been designated as protected areas (PA), and other parts of the corridor have been designated as buffers and transition areas. Third, the management plan requires the establishment of wildlife passages and strict control of human disturbance by using information posts. The buffers are characterized by the establishment of riparian forest and grassland that can minimize human interference around the core PA. Finally, guided tour, self-guided trail, walking, and other outdoor activities based on the visitor center are allowed in the transition area. The wildlife habitat conservation plan would be essential t

关键词： Rivers

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Urban recreation areas and climate change resilience: Hunter's Point South Park, New York City

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Discover Cities 2024年第1期1卷 1-20页

作者： Simais, Nur Korgavus, Bengi Graduate School of Applied Science Urban Design and Landscape Architecture Department Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science Urban Design and Landscape Architecture Masters Program Yeditepe University Istanbul Turkey

Urban areas experiencing the escalating impacts of climate change-induced disasters face challenges exacerbated by rapid urbanization and inadequate infrastructure. Despite more than four decades of warnings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the actual outcomes of climate change remain more severe than anticipated, affecting millions of people annually. This study focused on resilience as a response to the detrimental effects of climate change, emphasizing its importance in urban design to address climate-related disasters. Specifically, the research centers on Hunter's Point South Park in Long Island City, New York, examining its design resilience in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy. This study aimed to develop an updated resilience toolkit for the designated area using assessment tools from organizations such as the Resilience Alliance, the Rockefeller Foundation, A RUP, and UN-Habitat. The toolkit includes a comprehensive questionnaire derived from crucial elements of existing assessment tools, fostering a systems-thinking approach to resilience in urban studies. Stakeholder involvement is crucial, as this study advocates incorporating community input, local authorities, and the natural environment in project development. The objective is to achieve long-term sustainability, efficiency, and resilience by choosing durable materials, low maintenance greenery, and engaging stakeholders. Also, given the high urban population, health is essential for climate-resilient urban development, as mentioned throughout the study. Prioritizing health in urban resilience planning reduces adverse impacts and fosters adaptable communities. While encouraging further field studies and research, this study underscores the necessity of ongoing efforts to enhance climate change resilience and guide sustainable development decisions.

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