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Multiple criteria hierarchy process for sorting problems under uncertainty applied to the evaluation of the operational maturity of research institutions

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Pelissari, Renata Abackerli, Alvaro José Amor, Sarah Ben Oliveira, Maria Célia Infante, Kleber Manoel Telfer Management School University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada Post Graduate Program of Industrial Engineering Methodist University of Piracicaba Santa Bárbara d’OesteSP Brazil Shool of Applied Sciences University of Campinas Limeira Brazil Embrapii-Brazilian Association for Industrial Research and Innovation BrasíliaDF Brazil Engineering School Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo Brazil KMI Software Consulting Jundiaí Brazil

Despite the availability of qualified research personnel, up-to-date research facilities and experience in developing applied research and innovation, many worldwide research institutions face difficulties when managing contracted Research and Development (R&D) projects due to expectations from Industry (private sector), particularly regarding the applied development procedures, managerial processes and timing. Such difficulties have motivated funding agents to create evaluation processes to check whether the operational procedures of funded research institutions are sufficient to provide timely answers to demand for innovation from industry and also to identify aspects that require quality improvement in research development. For this purpose, several multiple criteria decision-making approaches can be applied. In this context, the research institutions are considered as alternatives for funding and their processes for research development as decision criteria. Among the available multiple criteria approaches, sorting methods are one prominent tool to evaluate the operational capacity. However, the first difficulty in applying multiple criteria sorting methods is the need to hierarchically structure multiple criteria in order to represent the intended decision process. Additional challenges include the elicitation of the preference information and the definition of criteria evaluation, since these are frequently affected by some imprecision. In most approaches, all these critical points are neglected, or, at best, only partially considered. In this paper, a new sorting method is proposed to deal with all of those critical points simultaneously. To consider multiple levels for the decision criteria, the FlowSort method is extended to account for hierarchical criteria. To deal with imprecise data, the FlowSort is integrated with fuzzy approaches. To yield solutions that consider fluctuations from imprecise weights, the Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis

关键词： Decision making

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Augmented Reality Based Brain Tumor 3D Visualization

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Procedia Computer Science 2017年 113卷 400-407页

作者： Qian Shan Thomas E. Doyle Reza Samavi Mona Al-Rei Department of Computing and Software McMaster University 1280 Main St. W Hamilton ON L8S 4L8 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Biomedical Engineering McMaster University 1280 Main St. W Hamilton ON L8S 4L8 Canada eHealth Graduate Program McMaster University 1280 Main St. W Hamilton ON L8S 4L8 Canada

In this paper we present an augmented reality system for mobile devices that facilitates 3D brain tumor visualization in real time. The system uses facial features to track the subject in the scene. The system performs camera calibration based on the face size of the subject, instead of the common approach of using a number of chessboard images to calibrate the camera every time the application is installed on a new device. Camera 3D pose estimation is performed by finding its position and orientation based on a set of 3D points and their corresponding 2D projections. According to the estimated camera pose, a reconstructed brain tumor model is displayed at the same location as the subject’s real anatomy. The results of our experiment show the system was successful in performing the brain tumor augmentation in real time with a reprojection accuracy of 97%.

关键词： Augmented reality 3D visualization Tumor visualization Markerless tracking Mobile device

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Technical debt and agile software development practices and processes: An industry practitioner survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Holvitie, Johannes Licorish, Sherlock A. Spínola, Rodrigo O. Hyrynsalmi, Sami MacDonell, Stephen G. Mendes, Thiago S. Buchan, Jim Leppänen, Ville Turku Centre for Computer Science Software Development Laboratory Turku Finland University of Turku Department of Information Technology Turku Finland University of Otago Department of Information Science Otago Dunedin New Zealand Salvador University Graduate Program in Systems and Computer Bahia Salvador Brazil Federal University of Bahia Fraunhofer Project Center for Software and System Engineering Salvador Brazil Tampere University of Technology Pori Campus Pori Finland Federal Institute of Bahia Information Technology Department Bahia Santo Amaro Brazil Auckland University of Technology School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland New Zealand

Context: Contemporary software development is typically conducted in dynamic, resource-scarce environments that are prone to the accumulation of technical debt. While this general phenomenon is acknowledged, what remains unknown is how technical debt specifically manifests in and affects software processes, and how the software development techniques employed accommodate or mitigate the presence of this debt. Objectives: We sought to draw on practitioner insights and experiences in order to classify the effects of agile method use on technical debt management, given the popularity and perceived success of agile methods. We explore the breadth of practitioners' knowledge about technical debt;how technical debt is manifested across the software process;and the perceived effects of common agile software development practices and processes on technical debt. In doing so, we address a research gap in technical debt knowledge and provide novel and actionable managerial recommendations. Method: We designed, tested and executed a multi-national survey questionnaire to address our objectives, receiving 184 responses from practitioners in Brazil, Finland, and New Zealand. Results: Our findings indicate that: 1) Practitioners are aware of technical debt, although, there was under utilization of the concept, 2) Technical debt commonly resides in legacy systems, however, concrete instances of technical debt are hard to conceptualize which makes it problematic to manage, 3) Queried agile practices and processes help to reduce technical debt;in particular, techniques that verify and maintain the structure and clarity of implemented artifacts (e.g., Coding standards and Refactoring) positively affect technical debt management. Conclusions: The fact that technical debt instances tend to have characteristics in common means that a systematic approach to its management is feasible. However, notwithstanding the positive effects of some agile practices on technical debt management, comp

关键词： Legacy systems

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Accelerating Real-Time Imaging for Radiotherapy: Leveraging Multi-GPU Training with PyTorch 22

Accelerating Real-Time Imaging for Radiotherapy: Leveraging ...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2023

作者： Obe, Ruth Kaufmann, Brandt Baird, Kaelen Kadel, Sam Soltani, Yasmin Cham, Mostafa Gobbert, Matthias K. Barajas, Carlos A. Jiang, Zhuoran Sharma, Vijay R. Ren, Lei Peterson, Stephen W. Poif, Jerimy C. U. of Houston-Clear Lake Dept. of Computer Science and of Software Engineering United States U. of San Francisco Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics United States Skidmore College Dept. of Computer Science and of Mathematics United States Mount Holyoke College Dept. of Computer Science and of Psychology United States U. of Houston Dept. of Biomedical Engineering United States U. of Maryland Dept. of Information Systems Baltimore County United States U. of Maryland Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics Baltimore County United States Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University United States U. of Maryland School of Medicine Dept. of Radiation Oncology United States U. of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology United States U. of Cape Town Dept. of Physics South Africa H3D Inc. United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345346

Proton beam therapy is an advanced form of cancer radiotherapy that uses high-energy proton beams to deliver precise and targeted radiation to tumors. This helps to mit-igate unnecessary radiation exposure in healthy tissues. Real-time imaging of prompt gamma rays with Compton cameras has been suggested to improve therapy efficacy. However, the camera's non-zero time resolution leads to incorrect interaction classifications and noisy images that are insufficient for accurately assessing proton delivery in patients. To address the challenges posed by the Compton camera's image quality, machine learning techniques are employed to classify and refine the generated data. These machine-learning techniques include recurrent and feedforward neural networks. A PyTorch model was designed to improve the data captured by the Compton camera. This decision was driven by PyTorch's flexibility, powerful capabilities in handling sequential data, and enhanced G PU usage. This accelerates the model's computations on large-scale radiotherapy data. Through hyperparameter tuning, the validation accuracy of our PyTorch model has been improved from an initial 7 % to over 60 %. Moreover, the PyTorch Distributed Data Parallelism strategy was used to train the RNN models on multiple G PU s, which significantly reduced the training time with a minor impact on model accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Clas-sification Compton camera Distributed Data Parallelism Proton beam therapy PyTorch Recurrent neural network

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AUTOMATION OF PROPELLER INSPECTION AND FINISHING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 124-131页

作者： STERN, H METZGER, R Howard K. Stern:is presently vice president of Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He received a bachelor of electrical engineering degree from College of the City of New York in 1960. Mr. Stern joined Dynell Electronics Corporation in 1971 and became part of the Robotic Vision Systems Inc. staff at the time of its spin-off from Dynell. He was program manager of the various three-dimensional sensing and replication systems constructed by Dynell and Robotic Vision Systems. As program manager his responsibilities encompassed technical administrative and operational areas. The first two portrait sculpture studio systems and the first three replication systems built by Robotic Vision Systems Inc. were designed manufactured and operated under his direction. Before joining Dynell Mr. Stern was a senior engineer at Instrument Systems Corporation and chief engineer of the Special Products Division of General Instrument Corporation. Prior to these positions Mr. Stern was chief engineer of Edo Commercial Corporation. At General Instrument and Edo Commercial he was responsible for the design and manufacture of military and commercial avionics equipment. Mr. Stern is presently responsible for directing the systems design and development for all of the company's programs. Robert J. Metzger:is currently engineering group leader at Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He graduated summa cum laude from the Cooper Union in 1972 with a bachelor of electrical engineering degree. Under sponsorship of a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974 with the degrees of electrical engineer and master of science (electrical engineering). In 1979 Mr. Metzger graduated from Polytechnic Institute of New York with the degree of master of science (computer science). Since 1974 Mr. Metzger has been actively engaged in the design of systems and software for noncontact threedimensional optical measurement for both military and commercial applications. Of particular note are his c

Ship's propellers are currently measured by manual procedures using pitchometers, templates and gauges. This measurement process is extremely tedious, labor intensive and time consuming. In an effort to provide increased accuracy, repeatability and cost effectiveness in propeller manufacture, an automated propeller optical measurement system (APOMS) has been built which rapidly and automatically scans an entire ship's propeller using a 3-D vision sensor. This equipment is integrated with a propeller robotic automated templating system (PRATS) and the propeller optical finishing system (PROFS) which robotically template and grind the propeller to its final shape, using the APOMS-derived data for control feedback. The optical scanning and the final shape are both controlled by CAD/CAM data files describing the desired propeller shape. An automated propeller balancing system is incorporated into the PROFS equipment. The APOMS/PRATS/PROFS equipment is expected to provide lower propeller manufacturing costs.

关键词： PROPELLERS

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Empirical testing: The prototyper's evaluation mechanism

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第1期109卷 41-46页

作者： Hafner, AN Arnold N. Hafner Ph.D.:is founder and president of Information Systems Research (ISR). He has twenty-five years of experience in systems development and is published in the field of systems development management. He served as corporate research scientist at Systems Exploration Inc. from 1988 to 1991 program director at Computer Science Corporation from 1983 to 1988 director of operations at Republic Management Systems Corporation from 1981 to 1983 and program manager at Computer Science Corporation from 1972 to 1981. A 1962 graduate of the US. Naval Academy he holds a doctoral degree in human behavior and engineering degrees in electronics and communications. He has taught courses on information systems and systems management at most of the colleges in the San Diego area. Dr. Hafner has presented fourteen refereed research papers while publishing sixteen articles and a book A Manager's Guide to Software System Development.

Evaluating complex systems is the subject of this paper, the third in a series investigating prototyping. It provides an interesting and helpful overview of how to evaluate systems prototypes and outlines the iterative stream of developer-user interactions that is replacing older approaches to testing and evaluating new military systems, which promise to reduce the time required to develop and field future military capabilities. Changes to the acquisition process, such as those the paper sketches, will facilitate the nation's rapid transit through its current revolution in military affairs.

关键词： Systems analysis

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Assessment of postural control with deprivation of visual system and somatosensorial perturbation in child with autism: case report

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Gait & Posture 2023年 106卷 S145-S145页

作者： Mendes, Juliana D.O.H. Cordeiro, Lorraine B. Santos, Grazielly N. Carvalho, Fernanda B.D. Grecco, Luanda A.C. Ribeiro, Pedro A.S. Moraes, Priscilla M. Oliveira, Claudia Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Postgraduate Program Anápolis Brazil Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Graduate Course in Physiotherapy Anápolis Brazil Center of Pediatric Neurostimulation CENEPE – REAB Pediatric Neurostimulation São Paulo Brazil Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Graduate Course in Software engineering Anápolis Brazil Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Psychology Clinical- Post-Graduate Program Anápolis Brazil School of Medical Sciences- Santa Casa de São Paulo Health Sciences Program São Paulo Brazil

IntroductionMental maturity is a state of preparation for physical, mental and social aspects of life.1 Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have low mental maturity and deficits with regards to social interactions, language,1 motor skills and postural control.2 Postural control is achieved by the integration of three systems: visual, vestibular and somatosensorial.3 Postural perturbation increases the risk of falls and can exert a negative impact on the development of communication skills and social interactions.4 Children with autism are more susceptible due to deficits related to visual and somatosensorial feedback.5 Research questionDo deprivation of the visual system and somatosensorial perturbation alter postural control variables in a child with autism compared to a child with neurotypical development? MethodsThis case report involved two male children aged seven years and four months – one with a diagnosis of ASD (22 kg, 132 cm) and another with neurotypical development (26.4 kg, 129 cm). The psychological evaluation (general reasoning capacity) was performed using the Columbia Mental Maturity Scale (CMMS-3). The motor assessment was performed using the SMART-D 140® system (BTS engineering), which has two force plates (Kistler Platform, model 9286BA). Postural control was investigated under the following conditions: eyes open, eyes closed, without a mat and with a 5-cm foam rubber mat. ResultsTable 1 lists the results of the CMMS-3 and force plate variables. The child with ASD had average reasoning capacity. Both children exhibited oscillations in postural control, but the child with autism had poorer results in the occurrence of visual deprivation and somatosensorial perturbation. Table 1- Results of Columbia Mental Maturity Scale-3 and force plate variables DiscussionThis study investigated whether mental maturity exerts an influence on postural control in a child with autism and whether the deprivation of the visual system and sensorial perturb

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Effect of different knee protheses on functional mobility assessed using an inertial sensor

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Gait & Posture 2023年 106卷 S143-S144页

作者： Trindade, Andrei M.V. Cordeiro, Lorraine B. Silva, Bruno O. Ribeiro, Pedro A.S. Toledo, Roberta C. Cardoso, Deborah C.D.S. Torres, Marcelo R. Araújo, Helder R.D.S. Borges, Rodolfo P. Oliveira, Claudia Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Postgraduate Program Anápolis Brazil State Center for Rehabilitation and Readaptation Rehabilitation Goiânia Brazil Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Graduate Course in Physiotherapy Anápolis Brazil Evangelical University of Goiás- UniEVANGÉLICA Graduate Course in Software engineering Anápolis Brazil School of Medical Sciences- Santa Casa de São Paulo Health Sciences Program São Paulo Brazil

IntroductionKnee arthrosis is a progressive, disabling, degenerative, musculoskeletal condition in patients with an advanced age.1,2 The aim of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to relieve pain and rehabilitate function with the use of different types of prostheses, such as a fixed bearing (FB) prosthesis and mobile bearing (MB) prosthesis, which enables greater joint mobility.3 Spatiotemporal gait variables and functional mobility are altered in older people compared to younger people and such alterations are aggravated by the progression of knee arthrosis.4 Research questionDiferentes tipos de próteses para o tratamento da artrose do joelho influenciam nas variáveis da marcha e mobilidade funcional? MethodsFifty-four subjects who underwent unilateral knee arthroplasty for the treatment of advanced knee arthrosis were selected. The assessment of functional mobility was performed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test with an inertial sensor (G-sensor, BTS Bioengineering) to quantify the time in seconds required for the individual to perform the task of standing up from a standard chair without arm support, walking three meters, turning around, going back to the chair and sitting down again. ResultsThe normality of the data was determined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, which demonstrated non-normal distribution. Thus, the Mann-Whitney test was used for the comparison of prosthesis type (FB vs. MB) and TUG test variables. The effect size of variables with statistically significant differences between groups was also determined. The SPSS program (v.19, IBM) was used for all statistical tests. The median postoperative time was 14.5 months (p > 0.05). Table 1 shows the median and p-values for the TUG test variables between groups. Interestingly, the only variables with significant differences were those related to turns. Although the participants with MB executed the TUG test faster than those with FB (i.e., sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit phases), no significant differe

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Survey of reduced workload and crewing strategies for ocean patrol vessels

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2001年第2期113卷 29-44页

作者： Baker, C Krull, R Snyder, G Lincoln, W Malone, TB Clifford C. Baker CIE CHFEP is a senior staff scientist at Carlow International Incorporated. He has applied most of his 24 years of experience in the application of human engineering technology to maritime systems. Mr. Baker has directed much of Carlow's efforts to reduce ship workload and to improve human performance and maritime safety through application of human factors methods and data. He is a Certified Industrial Ergonomist (CIE) as well as a Certified Human Factors Engineering Professional (CHFEP). Both certifications were granted by Oxford Research where Mr. Baker also serves as an Advisory Board member. Russell D. Krull P.E. is a senior engineer with A&T/Proteus Engineering with more than 18 years of experi-ence in marine engineering naval architecture and program management including 16 years of active duty in the U.S. Coast Guard. Recent experience includes advanced ship design studies engineering software development technical support for the USMC Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle propulsion systems analyses ship structural engineering and cargo handling systems engineering. Mr. Krull has an M.S.E. in naval architecture and marine engineering and an M.S.E. in industrial and operations engineering from University of Michigan and a B.S. in ocean engineering from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. Capt. Glenn L. Snyder USCG. Regrettably since this paper was originally written Capt. Snyder has passed away. At the time of his death he was an operations specialist assigned to the Coast Guard's Deepwater Capabilities Replacement Project as Chief of Human Systems Integration. He served as commanding officer of the patrol boat Cape George (WPB-95306) the icebreaking tug Biscayne Bay (WTGB-104) and the cutter Legare (WMEC-911). A 1975 graduate of the U.S. Coast Guard Academy Capt. Snyder held an M.A. in national security and strategic studies from the U.S. Naval War College and an M.A. in international relations from Salve Regina College. In addition he was a 1998 fellow of the Foreign Service

The U.S. Coast Guard is in the concept exploration phase of its Integrated Deepwater System (IDS) acquisition project. This project will define the next generation of surface, air and command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) assets used to perform the Coast Guard's missions in the IDS environment (>50 NM off the U. S. coastline). As part of early technology investigations, the needs exist to: (1) analyze the workload requirements of the IDS, (2) identify alternative means to perform ship's work, and (3) optimize ship manning consistent with ship workload, performance criteria, and the available tools and equipment aboard. To reduce shipboard work requires an understanding of the mission and support requirements placed on the vessel and crew, how these requirements are currently met, and how requirements might otherwise be met to reduce workload and crew size. This study examined currently implemented workload and manpower reducing approaches of commercial maritime fleets, U.S. and foreign navies, and foreign coastguards. These approaches were analyzed according to evaluation criteria approved by the IDS acquisition project team. From this, strategies for shipboard work reduction that may be considered for adoption by the IDS were identified and analyzed according to performance and costs factors. Ten workload-reducing strategies were identified: damage control, bridge, multiple crewing, engineering, risk acceptance, modularity, deck, enabling technologies, ship/personnel readiness, and operability and maintainability.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Transient Thermal Analysis of Welding Fixtures Design

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期195卷

作者： M T Anual T R Sahroni S Akmal F A Nasution Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hang Tuah Jaya 76100 Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Innovative Software System & Services Research Group Centre for Advanced Computing Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hang Tuah Jaya 76100 Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia. Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

This paper presents the design and analysis of welding fixtures based on transient thermal analysis. Welding fixtures is designed to hold and support the workpiece securely during the welding process. The heat transformation from the workpiece could lead the temperature rises and impacts to the welding fixtures. Therefore, the study introduces the development of welding fixtures as one of a safety measure prevents the welder from injury while handling welding process. The conceptual design of welding fixtures and material were applied to conduct the simulation. Transient thermal analysis was performed on temperature and total heat flux by using computer aided engineering software. The result shows the analysis of equivalent stress, total deformation, factors of safety, fatigue life and fatigue damage. Furthermore, the equivalent stress failure theory used to predict yielding in welding fixture design. The design of welding fixtures and material selection were proposed to hold and support the workpiece securely.

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