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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： J. Cheng I. Komissarov G. Chen D. Chakraborty S. Kutcher H. Chen S. Trivedi Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Brimrose Technology Corp Sparks Maryland USA

We developed a dual optical/x-ray ultrafast photodetector based on in-house grown Cd 0.97 Mg 0.03 Te single crystals. The detector is characterized by ~200 ps full-width-at-half-maximum, readout-electronics limited p... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Femtosecond lasers Photodetectors Photon counting Pump probe spectroscopy Radiation detectors Ti:sapphire lasers

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Unmasking Illusions: Understanding Human Perception of Audiovisual Deepfakes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hashmi, Ammarah Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Lin, Chia-Wen Tsao, Yu Wang, Hsin-Min Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

The emergence of contemporary deepfakes has attracted significant attention in machine learning research, as artificial intelligence (AI) generated synthetic media increases the incidence of misinterpretation and is difficult to distinguish from genuine content. Currently, machine learning techniques have been extensively studied for automatically detecting deepfakes. However, human perception has been less explored. Malicious deepfakes could ultimately cause public and social problems. Can we humans correctly perceive the authenticity of the content of the videos we watch? The answer is obviously uncertain;therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the human ability to discern deepfake videos through a subjective study. We present our findings by comparing human observers to five state-of-the-art deepfake detection models. To this end, we used gamification concepts to provide 110 participants (55 native English speakers and 55 non-native English speakers) with a web-based platform where they could access a series of 40 videos (20 real and 20 fake) to determine their authenticity. Each participant performed the experiment twice with the same 40 videos in different random orders. The videos are manually selected from the FakeAVCeleb dataset. We found that all AI models performed significantly better than humans when evaluated on the same 40 videos. The study also reveals that while deception is not impossible, humans tend to overestimate their detection capabilities. Our experimental results may help benchmark human versus machine performance, advance forensics analysis, and enable adaptive countermeasures. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Audiovisual

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Understanding Audiovisual Deepfake Detection: Techniques, Challenges, Human Factors and Perceptual Insights

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hashmi, Ammarah Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Lin, Chia-Wen Tsao, Yu Wang, Hsin-Min The Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan The Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11529 Taiwan The Department of Electrical Engineering The Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan The Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

Deep Learning has been successfully applied in diverse fields, and its impact on deepfake detection is no exception. Deepfakes are fake yet realistic synthetic content that can be used deceitfully for political impersonation, phishing, slandering, or spreading misinformation. Despite extensive research on unimodal deepfake detection, identifying complex deepfakes through joint analysis of audio and visual streams remains relatively unexplored. To fill this gap, this survey first provides an overview of audiovisual deepfake generation techniques, applications, and their consequences, and then provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art methods that combine audio and visual modalities to enhance detection accuracy, summarizing and critically analyzing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss existing open source datasets for a deeper understanding, which can contribute to the research community and provide necessary information to beginners who want to analyze deep learning-based audiovisual methods for video forensics. By bridging the gap between unimodal and multimodal approaches, this paper aims to improve the effectiveness of deepfake detection strategies and guide future research in cybersecurity and media integrity. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Audiovisual

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Weight-dropped long short term memory network for stock prediction with integrated historical and textual data

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2020年第3期47卷 367-377页

作者： Thayogo Wibowo, Antoni Computer Science Department Binus Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Indonesia

Investors and traders need an accurate stock prediction model to help them make decisions. They can use deep learning models such as Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM). However, a weakness of LSTM is that it tends to overfit to the training data and have unstable results. To overcome this weakness, this paper proposes using Averaged Stochastic Gradient Descent and Weight-Dropping on an LSTM network (AWD-LSTM). The proposed model regularizes the network by weight-dropping with DropConnect and optimizes the training process using a Non-Monotically Triggered Averaged Stochastic Gradient Descent (NT-ASGD). Additionally, this paper tested with integrating historical data with textual data which was shown to be valuable by other studies. This paper evaluated six variants of the model with different regulizers, optimizers, and data. The results show that (1) DropConnect regulizer performed better than DropOut or No Drop;(2) Adam optimizer is better for stock prediction than NT-ASGD;(3) Adding textual data slightly increases performance;(4) The models were able to gain consistent profits in a market simulation;(5) A variant of the model outperformed a previous study in 4 out of 5 indexes. © International Association of Engineers.

关键词： Optimization

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Coherent Acoustic Phonons in Bi2Se3 Ultrathin Films Probed by Femtosecond, Optical Pump-Probe Spectroscopy

Coherent Acoustic Phonons in Bi2Se3 Ultrathin Films Probed b...

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CLEO: Fundamental science, CLEO:FS 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Cheng, Jing Niherysh, Kiryl A. Francis, Peter Chakraborty, Debamitra Lombardi, Floriana Erts, Donats Prischepa, Serghej L. Laszcz, Adam Komissarov, Ivan V. Sobolewski, Roman Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester RochesterNY14623-1299 United States Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Institute of Chemical Physics University of Latvia Riga Latvia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Dipartimento di Fisica "E.R. Caianiello" Università degli Studi di Salerno Sa FiscianoI-84084 Italy Lukasiewicz Research Network Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics WarszawaPL-02668 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

The dynamics of coherent acoustic phonons in the Bi2Se3 layered crystal system are investigated. The findings reveal that the frequency evolution of breathing modes with the number of the material quintuple layers and the dispersion relation both can be explained by a modified chain model with a nonuniform coupling force. © Optica Publishing Group 2024, © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Ultrathin films

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Characterizations of Second-order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility for ϵ-phase Gallium Oxide

Characterizations of Second-order Nonlinear Optical Suscepti...

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2022 Compound Semiconductor Week, CSW 2022

作者： Zhou, Jingan Zhao, Xuan Xu, Rui Fu, Kai Li, Tao Xu, Mingfei He, Ziyi Robinson, Jacob T. Zhu, Hanyu Zhang, Xiaodong Zhao, Yuji Rice University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77005 United States Rice University Smalley-Curl Institute Applied Physics Graduate Program HoustonTX77005 United States Rice University Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering HoustonTX77005 United States Arizona State University School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering TempeAZ85287 United States Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics CAS Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications Suzhou215123 China

ISBN: (数字)9781665453400

ISBN: (纸本)9781665453400

In this work, we report the second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(2) for epsilon phase Gallium Oxide (ϵ-Ga2O3) thin film on sapphire. ϵ-Ga2O3 exhibits hexagonal P63mc space group symmetry, which is a non-centrosymmetric structure with non-zero second order susceptibility. By focusing a pulsed laser beam on to a polished ϵ-Ga2O3 thin film, we collected the generated second harmonic photons with an ultra-sensitive femtowatt photodetector, obtaining effective second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of χ(2) = 4.89×10-3 pm/V at wavelength of 800 nm. Two different measurement systems collecting reflected and transmitted photons were applied separately to make the result more convincing. The wavelength dependence from 790 nm to 900 nm and polarization dependence from TM mode to TE mode were measured as well. These results will be helpful for the design and fabrication of Ga2O3 based integrated photonics platform in the infrared-visible spectral range. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Gallium compounds

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A Diversity Inventory Monitoring System of Riparian Vegetation

A Diversity Inventory Monitoring System of Riparian Vegetati...

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International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS)

作者： Dian Pratama Putra Nanda Satya Nugraha Teddy Suparyanto Alam Ahmad Hidayat Digdo Sudigyo Bens Pardamean Faculty of Agricultural Technology STIPER Agricultural Institute Yogyakarta Indonesia Faculty of Agricultural Technology Faculty of Forestry STIPER Agricultural Institute Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665453967

To strengthen conservation efforts for preserving biodiversity in a conservation area, forest inventory is important to understand the natural succession process in the area and to establish a monitoring strategy. Further, tree inventory aims to monitor the output yielded in the area. More specifically, the tree inventory in the watershed area plays a key role to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), especially in riparian zones which are also vital parts of green zones in forests. However, the traditional inventory approach is time-consuming and laborious therefore the development of an expert system to assist in inventory monitoring is required. In this study, we develop a monitoring system via a mobile application to collect, analyze and visualize tree inventory data. The application includes algorithms required to compute tree biodiversity, distribution, and richness for the given input of the data of all tree species in a conservation area. For the model validation stage, we compare the traditional inventory approach with our proposed application-based approach to compute diversity inventory in two riparian locations: Klaten Conservation Park and Wonosobo Conservation Park. After the three-day data collection in the areas, we obtain that the accuracy of reading data of our proposed system can achieve more than 90% in comparison with the manual approach. This demonstrates that the system can assist forestry workers to perform more efficient tree inventories in different locations.

关键词： Vegetation Manuals Forestry Soil Mobile applications Biodiversity Expert systems

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New Frontiers for Wave Engineering Using Metamaterials

New Frontiers for Wave Engineering Using Metamaterials

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2022年全国微波毫米波会议

作者： Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering City College of New York

Metamaterials are engineered materials with properties that go well beyond what offered by nature, providing unprecedented opportunities to tailor and enhance the control of waves. In this talk, I discuss our recent activity at microwaves and THz frequencies, showing how suitably tailored meta-atoms and their arrangements open exciting avenues for wave manipulation, including metasurfaces with enhanced wavefront manipulation, and magnet-free nonreciprocity and topological phenomena. Insights into the underlying physics and new devices based on these concepts will be presented.

关键词： New Frontiers for Wave Engineering Using Metamaterials

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Blockchain Technology Open Problems and Impact to Supply Chain Management in Automotive Component Industry 6

Blockchain Technology Open Problems and Impact to Supply Cha...

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6th International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Design, ICCED 2020

作者： Surjandy Meyliana Spits Warnars, Hareco Leslie Hendric Abdurachman, Edi School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia BINUS Graduate Program Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728191898

The study of the adoption of Blockchain Technology (BT) of the Supply Chain Management System (SCMS) automotive components industry still in infancy. BT's previous research topic mostly in virtual currency, security, and IoT. However, the automotive market's significant development causes several issues in the SCMS automotive components industry, such as fake components. Blockchain Technology (BT), as identified, might be possible as a way out for the development of SCMS automotive components. There are several research questions in this research, such as how BT can facilitate SCMS open issues? What is the BT impact in the SCM area? The study method used the systematic literature review (SLR) method to gather all information from 12 publishers and an international index journal. Seven open issues identified in this study and SCM's core operational aspect, such as supplier, logistics, manufacturer, distribution, and customer, have been identified impact with BT. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Automotive industry

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A Blockchain Technology-Based for University Student Enrollment Process 6

A Blockchain Technology-Based for University Student Enrollm...

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6th International Conference on Computing, Engineering, and Design, ICCED 2020

作者： Meyliana Surjandy Fernando, Erick Cassandra, Cadelina Eka Widjaja, Henry Antonius Chandra, Yakob Utama Prabowo, Harjanto School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728191898

University in Indonesia contemporary is looking for a solution to improve the university documentation such as certificate and transcript. But fake diploma certificate and transcript is an issue reported in several articles recently. The new technology called Blockchain has been elaborate and predicted can be used to solve the issue because of blockchain characteristics which are immutable, secure, tamperproof and unchangeable. The enrollment process is one of the vital process for university before the document can be made. Therefore, the research tries to elaborate deeply to create a model of the university student enrollment process. The research question of this research is how Blockchain Technology can be merge in the enrollment process? The model has been validated by several universities in Indonesia. Forum Group Discussion had been performed to discuss for enrollment process. In the end, many benefits come up from blockchain technology utilization to produce a reliable document such as diploma certificate and transcripts. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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