It has been a challenge to achieve high efficiency organic photovoltaics (OPV) that absorb long wavelength solar radiation without incurring unacceptable reductions in open circuit voltage (Voc) or charge separation e...
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A process, continuous wrapping tantalum barrier, has been developed and investigated in order to reduce the manufacturing cost. By avoiding inserting expensive tantalum tube, a long sheet barrier was directly used to ...
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Because of their luminescent properties, phosphors make excellent candidates for radiation detectors. The materials are inclined to luminesce when exposed to a variety of radiation sources including gammas, protons, a...
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Because of their luminescent properties, phosphors make excellent candidates for radiation detectors. The materials are inclined to luminesce when exposed to a variety of radiation sources including gammas, protons, alphas and so forth. However, the vast majority of research and use of phosphors as radiation sensors are as scintillators-when luminescence spontaneously occurs due to the incident radiation. In this case, incident radiation promotes electrons to excited levels. The excited electrons subsequently decay to produce photons that can be detected. The luminescence is therefore a result of ionizing radiation.
Soft and high magnetic moment Co37Fe63 films were electro-deposited with variable additives on Cu/Ti/Si substrates. The correlation between structure and magnetic properties has been investigated. TEM showed the cryst...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781118029473
Soft and high magnetic moment Co37Fe63 films were electro-deposited with variable additives on Cu/Ti/Si substrates. The correlation between structure and magnetic properties has been investigated. TEM showed the crystal structure of the films to be BCC with a 〈111〉 texture, and a grain size in the range of 10-20 nm. Oxygen in the deposited films has been identified by EDS and EELS using HAADF STEM. SIMS analysis revealed the presence of hydrogen and oxygen in the deposited CoFe films. Electron microscopy results showed that the oxygen was mainly distributed along the grain boundaries in the CoFe film. In regions where oxygen was present in the films, the Fe content was enhanced relative to Co. The magnetic properties of the deposits have been measured by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), quantifying the impact of incorporated oxygen in the film on the saturation magnetization and the coercivity.
We demonstrate the resonance wavelength and quality factor dependence of 50nm defect-hole placement within photonic crystal L3 microcavities. Proper placement of defect-holes leads to a 12% increase in photonic crysta...
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Poly(Ε-caprolactone) (PCL) films have been applied for vascular tissue engineering. However, few studies studied the effects of fabrication process of PCL film on vascular cell proliferation. In this study, we used d...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424492763
Poly(Ε-caprolactone) (PCL) films have been applied for vascular tissue engineering. However, few studies studied the effects of fabrication process of PCL film on vascular cell proliferation. In this study, we used different processing methods, incorporating stretching, to fabricate various PCL films. Thickness of films before and after stretch and proliferation ability of human fetal mesenchymal stem cells (hfMSCs) on these films were investigated. Our results showed that stretching significantly reduces the thickness of solvent cast, heat press and cast stretch films (0.22, 0.59, 0.60, p
We demonstrate the resonance wavelength and quality factor dependence of 50nm defect-hole placement within photonic crystal L3 microcavities. Proper placement of defect-holes leads to a 12% increase in photonic crysta...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781557529107
We demonstrate the resonance wavelength and quality factor dependence of 50nm defect-hole placement within photonic crystal L3 microcavities. Proper placement of defect-holes leads to a 12% increase in photonic crystal sensor detection sensitivity.
This paper presents a fully complex-valued functional link network (CFLN). The CFLN is a single-layered neural network, which introduces nonlinearity in the input layer using nonlinear functions of the original input ...
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This paper presents a fully complex-valued functional link network (CFLN). The CFLN is a single-layered neural network, which introduces nonlinearity in the input layer using nonlinear functions of the original input variables. In this study, we consider multivariate polynomials as the nonlinear functions. Unlike multilayer neural networks, the CFLN is free from local minima problem, and it offers very fast learning in parameters because of its linear structure. In the complex domain, polynomial based CFLN has an additional advantage of not requiring activation functions, which is a major concern in the complex-valued neural networks. However, it is important to select a smaller subset of polynomial terms (monomials) for faster and better performance, since the number of all possible monomials may be quite large. In this paper, we use the orthogonal least squares method in a constructive fashion (starting from lower degree to higher) for the selection of a parsimonious subset of monomials. Simulation results demonstrate that computing CFLN in purely complex domain is advantageous than in double-dimensional real domain, in terms of number of connection parameters, faster design, and possibly generalization performance. Moreover, our proposed CFLN compares favorably with several other multilayer networks in the complex domain.
Social navigation provides drivers with an advice that aims to shift traffic flows in a network from a user equilibrium to a system optimum. The advice is based on minimizing a combination of the individual travel tim...
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Social navigation provides drivers with an advice that aims to shift traffic flows in a network from a user equilibrium to a system optimum. The advice is based on minimizing a combination of the individual travel time and the marginal total travel time in the network. The level of altruism defines the extent to which a driver is willing to sacrifice his own travel time in favor of other drivers. Fuel consumption and CO2 emission are taking into account by converting them into time equivalent. Experimental results for a small network loosely representing the Bay area show that social navigation can reduce time delays by 10%. The reduction is positively correlated with network load, market penetration and level of altruism.
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