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Medical Imaging 2009: Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Chen, Ying Zhou, Weihua Yang, Guang Qian, Xin Lu, Jianping Zhou, Otto Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 United States Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy and Curriculum in Applied Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 United States Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475091

As a new three-dimensional breast imaging technique, breast tomosynthesis allows the reconstruction of an arbitrary set of planes in the breast from a limited-angle series of x-ray projection images. The breast tomosynthesis technique has been demonstrated as promising to improve early breast cancer detection. This paper represents a preliminary phantom study and computer simulation results of different breast tomosynthesis reconstruction algorithms with a novel carbon nanotube based multi-beam x-ray source. Five representative tomosynthesis reconstruction algorithms, including back projection (BP), filtered back projection (FBP), matrix inversion tomosynthesis (MITS), maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), and simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) were investigated. Tomosynthesis projection images of a phantom were acquired with the stationary multi-beam x-ray tomosynthesis system. Reconstruction results from different algorithms were studied. A computer simulation study was further done to investigate the sharpness of reconstructed in-plane structures and to see how effective each algorithm is at removing outof- plane blur with parallel-imaging geometries. Datasets with 9 and 25 projection images of a defined 3D spherical object were simulated with a total view angle of 50 degrees. Results showed that the multi-beam x-ray system is capable to generate 3D tomosynthesis images with faster speed compared with current commercial prototype systems. With simulated parallel-imaging geometry, MITS and FBP showed edge enhancement in-plane performance. BP, FBP and MLEM performed better at out-of-plane structure removal with larger number of projection images. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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electrical properties of single and multiple poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanowires for sensing nitric oxide gas

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Analytica Chimica Acta 2009年第1-2期640卷 68-74页

作者： Lu, Hui-Hsin Lin, Chia-Yu Hsiao, Tzu-Chien Fang, Yueh-Yuan Ho, Kuo-Chuan Yang, Dongfang Lee, Chih-Kung Hsu, Su-Ming Lin, Chii-Wann Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical and Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Institute National Research Council London N6G 4X8 Canada Institute of Applied Mechanics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Immunology National Taiwan University Taipei 10051 Taiwan

The electrical properties of conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), nanowires were studied to develop nitric oxide (NO) gas sensors with low working temperatures. A nanowire with a diameter of 300 nm was fabricated using dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) across a 55 μm gap between a pair of electrodes. The electrical properties of single or multiple PEDOT nanowires were examined by plotting the current-voltage (I-V) curves in the range -3 V to +3 V at temperatures between 298 K and 393 K. The conductance of parallel wires was normalized with respect to the dimensions of the fabricated nanowires. The single nanowire exhibited nonlinear conductance associated with hysteresis but multiple wires did not. The currents increased with the temperature and the I-V characteristics were consistent with the power law G(T)αTα with α∼ 5.14 and 5.43. The responses to NO were highly linear and reproducible, indicating that sensing using PEDOT nanowires was reliable with a minimal concentration of NO of 10 ppm. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanowires

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Time Series Mining Approach for Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Assessment: An Investigation of Different Regularization Techniques

Time Series Mining Approach for Noninvasive Intracranial Pre...

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computer science and Information engineering, CSIE, WRI World Congress on FLAGGED

作者： Shaozhi Wu Peng Xu Shadnaz Asgari Marvin Bergsneider Xiao Hu Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science University of California Los Angeles USA Neural Systems and Dynamics Laboratory Department of Neurosurgery the David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles USA School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China

A data mining framework has been proposed to estimate intracranial pressure (ICP) non-invasively in our previous work. In the corresponding approach, the feature vector extracted from arterial blood pressure (ABP) and flow velocity (FV) is translated to the estimated errors by the mapping function for each entry in the database. In this paper, three different mapping function solutions, linear least squares (LLS), truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) and standard Tikhonov regularization (STR) are systemically tested to compare the possible effects of different solutions on the non-invasive ICP estimation. The conducted comparison demonstrated that the selection of mapping function solution actually influences the estimation. Among the tested three solutions for mapping function, TSVD and STR show better ICP estimation performance with smaller ICP errors than LLS.

关键词： Cranial pressure Data mining Biomedical engineering Data engineering Spatial databases computer science Feature extraction Arterial blood pressure Biomedical measurements Laboratories

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AAAI 2008 workshop reports

AAAI 2008 workshop reports

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作者： Anand, Sarabjot Singh Bunescu, Razvan Carvcdho, Vitor Chomicki, Jan Conitzer, Vincent Cox, Michael T. Dignum, Virginia Dodds, Zachary Dredze, Mark Furcy, David Gabrilovich, Evgeniy Göker, Mehmet H. Guesgen, Hans Hirsh, Haym Jannach, Dietmar Junker, Ulrich Ketter, Wolfgang Kobsa, Alfred Koenig, Sven Lau, Tessa Lewis, Lundy Matson, Eric Metzler, Ted Mihalcea, Rada Mobasher, Bamshad Pineau, Joelle Poupart, Pascal Raja, Anita Ruml, Wheeler Sadeh, Norman Shani, Guy Shapiro, Daniel Smith, Trey Taylor, Matthew E. Wagstaff, Kiri Walsh, William Zhou, Rong Department of Computer Science University of Warwick United Kingdom School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ohio University United States Microsoft Live Labs United States computer science and engineering University at Buffalo United States Computer science and economics Duke University United States Intelligent Computing group of BBN Technologies Utrecht University Netherlands Department of Computer science Harvey Mudd College United States University of Pennsylvania United States University of Wisconsin United States Yahoo Research PricewaterhouseCoopers Center for Advanced Research United States Department of Computer science School of Engineering and Advanced Technology Massey University New Zealand Departent of Computer science Rutgers University United States Department of Computer Science Dortmund University of Technology. Germany ILOG Rotterdam School of Management Erasmus University Netherlands Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences University of California Irvine United States Depatrment of Computer science University of Southern California United States IBM Almaden Research Center United States Department of Computer Information Technology Southern New Hampshire University United States Computer and Information Technology Program College of Technology Purdue University United States Hughes Program for Religion and Science Dialogue Oklahoma City University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas United States School of Computing DePaul University United States Department of Computer Science McGill University Canada School of Computer Science University of Waterloo Canada Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States University of New Hampshire United States Microsoft Research Institute for the Study of Learning and Expertise Applied Reactivity Inc. United States NASA Ames Research Center Carnegie Mellon University West

AAAI was pleased to present the AAAI-08 Workshop program, held Sunday and Monday, July 13-14, in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The program included the following 15 workshops: Advancements in POMDP Solvers;AI Education Workshop Colloquium;Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems, Enhanced Messaging;Human Implications of Human-Robot Interaction;Intelligent Techniques for Web Personalization and Recommender Systems;Metareasoning: Thinking about Thinking;Multidisciplinary Workshop on Advances in Preference Handling;Search in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics;Spatial and Temporal Reasoning;Trading Agent Design and Analysis;Transfer Learning for Complex Tasks;What Went Wrong and Why: Lessons from AI Research and Applications;and Wikipedia and Artificial Intelligence: An Evolving Synergy. Copyright © 2009, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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Learning a nonlinear color distance metric for the identification of skin immunohistochemical staining

Learning a nonlinear color distance metric for the identific...

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2009 22nd IEEE International Symposium on computer-Based Medical Systems, CBMS 2009

作者： Sobieranski, Antonio Carlos Neto, Sylvio Luiz Mantelli Coser, Leandro Comunello, Eros Von Wangenheim, Aldo Cargnin-Ferreira, Eduardo Di Giunta, Gabriella LAPIX Laboratory of Image Processing and Computer Graphics UFSC Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil CPTEC Center for Weather Forecasts and Environment Studies INPE - Brazilian Institute for Space Research Brazil EGC Knowledge Engineering Department UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil MCA Graduate Program in Applied Computer Science UNIVALI - Itajai Valley University Brazil Laboratory of Histological Markers Department of Biology Embriology and Genetics UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil Pathology Service UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448784

This paper presents a semiautomatic method for the identification of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in digitized samples. The user trains the system by selecting on a sample image some typical positive stained regions that will be used as a reference for the construction of a distance metric. In this learning process, the global optimum is obtained by induction employing higher polynomial terms of the Mahalanobis distance, extracting nonlinear features of the IHC pattern distributions. The results of the proposed method showed a high correlation to a pathologist's manual analysis, which was used as a golden standard, presenting a more robust discrimination between stained and non-stained areas with little bias. © 2009 IEEE.

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On the Design of Optimization Algorithms for Prediction of Molecular Interactions

On the Design of Optimization Algorithms for Prediction of M...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Darby Tien-Hao Chang Jung-Hsin Lin Chih-Hung Hsieh Yen-Jen Oyang Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Division of Mechanics Research Center for Applied Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

This article presents a comprehensive study on the main characteristics of a novel optimization algorithm specifically designed for simulation of protein-ligand interactions. Though design of optimization algorithms has been a research issue extensively studied by computer scientists for decades, the emerging applications in bioinformatics such as simulation of protein-ligand interactions and protein folding introduce additional challenges due to (1) the high dimensionality nature of the problem and (2) the highly rugged landscape of the energy function. As a result, optimization algorithms that are not carefully designed to tackle these two challenges may fail to deliver satisfactory performance. This study has been motivated by the observation that the RAME (Rank-based Adaptive Mutation Evolutionary) optimization algorithm specifically designed for simulation of protein-ligand docking has consistently outperformed the conventional optimization algorithms by a significant degree. Accordingly, it is of interest to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the characteristics of the proposed algorithm and to learn how it will perform in the more general cases. The experimental results reveal that the RAME algorithm proposed in this article is capable of delivering superior performance to several alternative versions of the genetic algorithm in handling highly-rugged functions in the high-dimensional vector space. This article also reports experiments conducted to analyze the causes of the observed performance difference. The experiences learned provide valuable clues for how the proposed algorithm can be effectively exploited to tackle other computational biology problems.

关键词： Algorithm design and analysis Design optimization Prediction algorithms Proteins Computational modeling Application software Bioinformatics computer simulation Genetic mutations Genetic algorithms

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Gratings on porous silicon structures for sensing applications

Gratings on porous silicon structures for sensing applicatio...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2009

作者： Liscidini, M. Wei, X. Kang, C. Rong, G. Retterer, S.T. Patrini, M. Sipe, J.E. Weiss, S.M. Department of Physics University of Toronto 60 St. George St Toronto M5S 1A7 ON Canada Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 United States CNISM and Dipartimento di Fisica 'A. Volta' Università degli Studi di Pavia via Bassi 6 27100 Pavia Italy

We investigate the use of gratings on porous silicon structures for sensing applications. Examples of two classes of systems are studied: grating-coupled waveguide biosensors, and diffraction-based biosensors. © ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528698

关键词： Biosensors

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Comparison of Different Approaches to ICP Dominated Pulse Extraction

Comparison of Different Approaches to ICP Dominated Pulse Ex...

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International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical engineering (ICBBE)

作者： Peng Xu Shaozhi Wu Shadnaz Asgari Magdalena Kasprowicz Marvin Bergsneider Xiao Hu Center of Neuroinformatics School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China Neural Systems and Dynamics Laboratory Department of Neurosurgery the David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles USA School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science University of California Los Angeles USA University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA US

Changes of ICP waveform morphology are characterized with different patients' states like hypertension, hydrocephalus and traumatic brain injury etc. Morphological clustering and analysis of ICP pulse (MOCAIP) approach is recently developed to extract ICP morphology feature, in which hierarchical clustering is used to extract the dominated pulse. In this paper, we evaluate the feasibility of using principle component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA) to extract dominated pulse. The comparative study among clustering, PCA and ICP based approaches shows that PCA approach may be an alternative of clustering approach to extract dominated pulse in a faster fashion when dataset is of large size.

关键词： Independent component analysis Morphology Principal component analysis Biomedical engineering Feature extraction Electrocardiography Tellurium Hypertension Data mining Laboratories

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Assembly of CdSeS(ZnS) quantum dots in langmuir films with tertiary alkyl phosphine ligands

Assembly of CdSeS(ZnS) quantum dots in langmuir films with t...

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Nanotechnology - General - 214th ECS Meeting/PRiME 2008

作者： Giles, Alexander J. Pagan, J. Patel, K. Stokes, E.B. Nanoscale Science Graduate Program Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States Dot Metrics Technologies Charlotte Research Institute University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States Center for Optoelectronics and Optical Communications University of North Carolina al Charlotte 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte NC 28223 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615672998

The focus of this paper is to describe studies on pre-prepared hydrophobic CdSeS(ZnS) quantum dots (QDs) at the air-water interface. Surface pressure-area (π-A) isotherms were extensively studied using QDs capped with either trioclylphosphine oxide or triethylphosphine oxide. The role of these two different ligands on monolayer behavior and thin film quality has been investigated using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The thin films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence spectroscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy. ©The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Cadmium compounds

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Modeling of communications in the safety assessment of nuclear power plants

Modeling of communications in the safety assessment of nucle...

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2008 Winter Meeting and Nuclear Technology Expo: Nuclear Power-Ready, Steady, Go

作者： Mandelli, D. Kirschenbaum, J. Mangan, L.A. Ekici, E. Aldemir, T. Nuclear Engineering Graduate Program Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210

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