检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Learning from learning machines: A new generation of AI technology to meet the needs of science

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2021年

作者： Pion-Tonachini, Luca Bouchard, Kristofer Martin, Hector Garcia Peisert, Sean Holtz, W. Bradley Aswani, Anil Dwivedi, Dipankar Wainwright, Haruko Pilania, Ghanshyam Nachman, Benjamin Marrone, Babetta L. Falco, Nicola Prabhat Arnold, Daniel Wolf-Yadlin, Alejandro Powers, Sarah Climer, Sharlee Jackson, Quinn Carlson, Ty Sohn, Michael Zwart, Petrus Kumar, Neeraj Justice, Amy Tomlin, Claire Jacobson, Daniel Micklem, Gos Gkoutos, Georgios V. Bickel, Peter J. Cazier, Jean-Baptiste Müller, Juliane Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo Stevens, Rick Anderson, Mark Kreutz-Delgado, Ken Mahoney, Michael W. Brown, James B. Pattern Computer Inc. Friday HarborWA98250 United States Biosciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94803 United States Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94720 United States Helen Wils Neuroscience Institute Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience Uc Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Doe Agile BioFoundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94803 United States Joint BioEnergy Institute Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94803 United States Bcam Basque Center for Applied Mathematics Bilbao48009 Spain Computer Science University of California Davis DavisCA95616 United States Cenic La MiradaCA90638 United States Health Informatics University of California Davis School of Medicine SacramentoCA95817 United States Berkeley Institute for Data Science University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Industrial Engineering and Operations Research University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Environmental & Earth Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94803 United States Nuclear Engineering University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94720 United States Bioscience Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Earth and Environmental Sciences Area Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94803 United States Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94803 United States Computing and Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Industrial & Systems Engineering The University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Department of Computer Science University of Missouri-Saint Louis St. LouisMO63121 United

We outline emerging opportunities and challenges to enhance the utility of AI for scientific discovery. The distinct goals of AI for industry versus the goals of AI for science create tension between identifying patterns in data versus discovering patterns in the world from data. If we address the fundamental challenges associated with "bridging the gap" between domain-driven scientific models and data-driven AI learning machines, then we expect that these AI models can transform hypothesis generation, scientific discovery, and the scientific process itself. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Learning systems

Retracted: LUC Algorithm in Visual Cryptography

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Retracted: LUC Algorithm in Visual Cryptography

2018 Workshop on Multidisciplinary and Its Applications: applied Mathematics, computer science, Information Systems, and Information Technology, WMA-Mathcomtech 2018

作者： Achmad Daengs, G.S. Ratnadewi Alpha, Christian Dio Napitupulu, Darmawan Nurdiyanto, Heri Kurniasih, Nuning Hasibuan, Abdurrozaq Daengs, Achmad Manurung, Rosida Tiurma Mulyaningsih, Indrya Rahim, Robbi Sugianto, Castaka Agus Abdullah, Dahlan Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Kristen Maranatha Bandung Indonesia Research Center for Quality System and Testing Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Banten Indonesia STMIK Dharma Wacana Indonesia Faculty of Communication Sciences Library and Information Science Program Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung Indonesia Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara Indonesia University of 45 Surabaya Indonesia Graduate Program in Scientific Psychology Universitas Kristen Maranatha Bandung Indonesia Department of Education Institut Agama Islam Negeri Syekh Nurjati Cirebon Indonesia School of Computer and Communication Engineering Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kubang Gajah Malaysia Politeknik TEDC Bandung Indonesia Department of Informatics Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Utara Indonesia

Nowadays, messaging technology in digital data form more often used and not less messages that confidentially wanted. Then it should be modified so that can be understood only by the sender and the intended recipients. All of this system can be realization by using cryptography. LUC algorithms are introduced by Smith and Lennon in 1993. LUC algorithm is an algorithm that based on the use of Lucas sequence (specific arithmetic operations derived from Lucas row) that rarely used to enhance the security of the messages. In this research, LUC algorithm is combined with visual cryptography to process the encryption and the description of a colored image. Four different images were used in the trial here. The performance of the system is assessed using Structural similarity (SSIM) which has an assessment similar to human eye. If the image quality is the same as the original image, then the SSIM value is one. Whereas if the quality of decryption image is very different from the original image then the value of SSIM is zero. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Information systems

Manifold learning for organizing unstructured sets of process observations

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2018年

作者： Dietrich, Felix Kooshkbaghi, Mahdi Bollt, Erik M. Kevrekidis, Ioannis G. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Mathematics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clarkson Center for Complex Systems Science Clarkson University PotsdamNY13699-5815 United States

Data mining is routinely used to organize ensembles of short temporal observations so as to reconstruct useful, low-dimensional realizations of an underlying dynamical system. In this paper, we use manifold learning to organize unstructured ensembles of observations ("trials") of a system's response surface. We have no control over where every trial starts;and during each trial operating conditions are varied by turning "agnostic" knobs, which change system parameters in a systematic but unknown way. As one (or more) knobs "turn" we record (possibly partial) observations of the system response. We demonstrate how such partial and disorganized observation ensembles can be integrated into coherent response surfaces whose dimension and parametrization can be systematically recovered in a data-driven fashion. The approach can be justified through the Whitney and Takens embedding theorems, allowing reconstruction of manifolds/attractors through different types of observations. We demonstrate our approach by organizing unstructured observations of response surfaces, including the reconstruction of a cusp bifurcation surface for Hydrogen combustion in a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor. Finally, we demonstrate how this observation-based reconstruction naturally leads to informative transport maps between input parameter space and output/state variable *** codes 37M20 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamical systems

Modeling faults in communication protocols based on an aspect-oriented method 15

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Modeling faults in communication protocols based on an aspec...

15th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2017

作者： Dos Santos Roque, Alexandre Steinmetz, Charles Freitas, Edison Pignaton Pereira, Carlos Eduardo Federal University of Rio Grande Do sul - UFRGS Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering PPGEE Porto Alegre RS Brazil Regional Integrated University of High Uruguay and Missions URI Engineering and Computer Science Department Santo Ângelo RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781538608371

Faults in industrial communication protocols represent an important problem for industrial systems as they may lead to severe losses. Observing the need for approaches to deal with this type of problem, this paper studies reliability aspects related to industrial communication protocols and the modeling of possible communication faults. The work proposes a requirements specification based on aspect-oriented concepts to map and model common faults in design phases of embedded systems. A model integrating fault modeling in communication protocols extending the Real-Time From Requirements to Design using Aspects (RT-FRIDA) framework is presented. A case study on vehicular networks was conducted considering the nonfunctional requirements specification of an Active Suspension System. Then, a sequence of fault requirements based in recent studies is modeled and presented to validate the proposed approach. The main contribution of this work is to enable the use of fault modeling in communication protocols and aspect-oriented modeling techniques to mitigate the fault impact in the timing behavior of critical tasks. This study indicates the use of observers' technique modeled to fault diagnosis, so that they can be aggregated into a real-time control system. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

Wideband on-chip terahertz spectrometer based on a superconducting filterbank

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2019年

作者： Endo, Akira Karatsu, Kenichi Laguna, Alejandro Pascual Mirzaei, Behnam Huiting, Robert Thoen, David J. Murugesan, Vignesh Yates, Stephen J.C. Bueno, Juan van Marrewijk, Nuri Bosma, Sjoerd Yurduseven, Ozan Llombart, Nuria Suzuki, Junya Naruse, Masato de Visser, Pieter J. van der Werf, Paul P. Klapwijk, Teun M. Baselmans, Jochem J.A. Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 4 Delft2628 CD Netherlands Kavli Institute of NanoScience Faculty of Applied Sciences Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 Delft2628 CJ Netherlands SRON—Netherlands Institute for Space Research Sorbonnelaan 2 Utrecht3584 CA Netherlands SRON—Netherlands Institute for Space Research Landleven 12 Groningen9747 AD Netherlands 1-1 Oho Tsukuba Ibaraki305-0801 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University 255 Shimo-okubo Sakura Saitama338-8570 Japan gLeiden Observatory Leiden University PO Box 9513 LeidenNL-2300 RA Netherlands Physics Department Moscow State Pedagogical University Moscow119991 Russia

Terahertz spectrometers with a wide instantaneous frequency coverage for passive remote sensing are enormously attractive for many terahertz applications, such as astronomy, atmospheric science and security. Here we demonstrate a wide-band terahertz spectrometer based on a single superconducting chip. The chip consists of an antenna coupled to a transmission line filterbank, with a microwave kinetic inductance detector behind each filter. Using frequency division multiplexing, all detectors are read-out simultaneously creating a wide-band spectrometer with an instantaneous bandwidth of 45 GHz centered around 350 GHz. The spectrometer has a spectral resolution of F/∆F = 380 and reaches photon-noise limited sensitivity. We discuss the chip design and fabrication, as well as the system integration and testing. We confirm full system operation by the detection of an emission line spectrum of methanol gas. The proposed concept allows for spectroscopic radiation detection over large bandwidths and resolutions up to F/∆F ∼ 1000, all using a chip area of a few cm2. This will allow the construction of medium resolution imaging spectrometers with unprecedented speed and sensitivity. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectrometers

Light‐Emitting Transistors: Multioperation‐Mode Light‐Emitting Field‐Effect Transistors Based on van der Waals Heterostructure (Adv. Mater. 43/2020)

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advanced Materials 2020年第43期32卷

作者： Junyoung Kwon June‐Chul Shin Huije Ryu Jae Yoon Lee Dongjea Seo Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Young Duck Kim James Hone Chul‐Ho Lee Gwan‐Hyoung Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul 02841 Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1‐1 Namiki Tsukuba 305‐0044 Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1‐1 Namiki Tsukuba 305‐0044 Japan Department of Physics Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Institute of Engineering Research Institute of Applied Physics Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea

An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search with Learning Automata for the Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search with Learning Automata...

2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2017

作者： Cota, Luciano Perdigao Guimaraes, Frederico Gadelha De Oliveira, Fernando B. Souza, Marcone J. Freitas Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Computer and Systems Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto João Monlevade Brazil Department of Computer Science Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781509046010

This work deals with the Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem with Setup Times, with the objective of minimizing the makespan. It is proposed an Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) metaheuristic using Learning Automata (LA) to adapt the probabilities of using removal and insertion heuristics and methods. A computable function in the LA updates the probability vector for selecting the actions, corresponding to six removal and six insertion methods. We also propose a new insertion method based on Hungarian algorithm, which is applied to solve subproblems optimally. Computational experiments are performed to verify the performance of the proposed method. A set of instances available in the literature with problems up to 150 jobs and 10 machines is employed in the experiments. The proposed LA-ALNS is compared against three other algorithms from the literature. The results suggest that our algorithm has better performance in most of cases (88%) under the defined conditions of experiments. Statistical tests also suggest that LA-ALNS is better than the other algorithms from the literature. The proposed method is able to automatically choose the most suitable heuristics for the instance of the problem, through adaptation and learning in the Learning Automata. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic methods

Polycrystalline ZrTe5 Parametrized as a Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor for Thermoelectric Performance

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Physical Review applied 2018年第1期9卷 014025-014025页

作者： Samuel A. Miller Ian Witting Umut Aydemir Lintao Peng Alexander J. E. Rettie Prashun Gorai Duck Young Chung Mercouri G. Kanatzidis Matthew Grayson Vladan Stevanović Eric S. Toberer G. Jeffrey Snyder Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemistry Koç University Sariyer Istanbul 34450 Turkey Applied Physics Graduate Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden Colorado 80401 USA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado 80401 USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado 80401 USA

The transition-metal pentatellurides HfTe5 and ZrTe5 have been studied for their exotic transport properties with much debate over the transport mechanism, band gap, and cause of the resistivity behavior, including a large low-temperature resistivity peak. Single crystals grown by the chemical-vapor-transport method have shown an n−p transition of the Seebeck coefficient at the same temperature as a peak in the resistivity. We show that behavior similar to that of single crystals can be observed in iodine-doped polycrystalline samples but that undoped polycrystalline samples exhibit drastically different properties: they are p type over the entire temperature range. Additionally, the thermal conductivity for polycrystalline samples is much lower, 1.5 Wm−1 K−1, than previously reported for single crystals. It is found that the polycrystalline ZrTe5 system can be modeled as a simple semiconductor with conduction and valence bands both contributing to transport, separated by a band gap of 20 meV. This model demonstrates to first order that a simple two-band model can explain the transition from n- to p-type behavior and the cause of the anomalous resistivity peak. Combined with the experimental data, the two-band model shows that carrier concentration variation is responsible for differences in behavior between samples. Using the two-band model, the thermoelectric performance at different doping levels is predicted, finding zT=0.2 and 0.1 for p and n type, respectively, at 300 K, and zT=0.23 and 0.32 for p and n type at 600 K. Given the reasonably high zT that is comparable in magnitude for both n and p type, a thermoelectric device with a single compound used for both legs is feasible.

关键词： Band gap Charge density waves Hall effect Semimetals Spin-orbit coupling Thermoelectric effects Chalcogenides Semiconductor compounds

A chirality-based quantum leap

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2020年

作者： Aiello, Clarice D. Abbas, Muneer Abendroth, John M. Afanasev, Andrei Agarwal, Shivang Banerjee, Amartya S. Beratan, David N. Belling, Jason N. Berche, Bertrand Botana, Antia Caram, Justin R. Celardo, Giuseppe Luca Cuniberti, Gianaurelio Garcia-Etxarri, Aitzol Dianat, Arezoo Diez-Perez, Ismael Guo, Yuqi Gutierrez, Rafael Herrmann, Carmen Hihath, Joshua Kale, Suneet Kurian, Philip Lai, Ying-Cheng Lopez, Alexander Medina, Ernesto Mujica, Vladimiro Naaman, Ron Noormandipour, Mohammadreza Palma, Julio L. Paltiel, Yossi Petuskey, William T. Ribeiro-Silva, João Carlos Saenz, Juan José Santos, Elton J.G. Solyanik, Maria Sorger, Volker J. Stemer, Dominik M. Ugalde, Jesus M. Valdes-Curiel, Ana Varela, Solmar Waldeck, David H. Weiss, Paul S. Zacharias, Helmut Wang, Qing Hua California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Microbiology Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zürich Zürich8093 Switzerland George Washington University WashingtonDC20052 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Chemistry Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR Université de Lorraine-CNRS Vandœuvre les Nancy 7019 54506 France Department of Physics Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Institute of Physics IFUAP-BUAP Puebla72000 Mexico Institute for Materials Science Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden University of Technology Dresden01062 Germany Donostia International Physics Center Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea Euskadi Donostia20018 Spain Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences King's College London 7 Trinity Street LondonSE1 1DB United Kingdom School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Department of Chemistry University of Hamburg Hamburg20146 Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis DavisCA95616 United States School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Quantum Biology Laboratory Graduate School Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institut

Chiral degrees of freedom occur in matter and in electromagnetic fields and constitute an area of research that is experiencing renewed interest driven by recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials. The CISS effect underpins the fact that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations. Observations of the CISS effect suggest opportunities for spin control and for the design and fabrication of room-temperature quantum devices from the bottom up, with atomic-scale precision. Any technology that relies on optimal charge transport, including quantum devices for logic, sensing, and storage, may benefit from chiral quantum properties. These properties can be theoretically and experimentally investigated from a quantum information perspective, which is presently lacking. There are uncharted implications for the quantum sciences once chiral couplings can be engineered to control the storage, transduction, and manipulation of quantum information. This forward-looking perspective provides a survey of the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of chiral-influenced quantum effects, and presents a vision for their future roles in enabling room-temperature quantum technologies. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics