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7th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE

作者： Jesneck, Jonathan L. Mukherjee, Sayan Nolte, Loren W. Lokshin, Anna E. Marks, Jeffrey R. Lo, Joseph Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Statistical Science Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program Duke Advanced Imaging Labs. Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Department of Computer Science Duke University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Hematology/Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Department of Experimental Surgery Duke University Medical Center Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham NC 27708 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424415098

Current mammographic screeningfor breast cancer is less effective for younger women. To complement mammography for premenopausal women, we investigated the feasibility screening test using 98 blood serum proteins. Because the data set was very noisy and contained only weak features, we used a classifier designed for noisy data: decision fusion. Decision fusion outperformed both a support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression with forward stepwise feature selection on all three two-class classification tasks: normal tissue vs. cancer, normal tissue vs. benign lesions, and benign lesions vs. cancer. Decision fusion detected cancer moderately well (AUC=0.84 on normal vs. cancer), demonstrating promise as a screening tool. Decision fusion also detected benign lesions similarly well (AUC=0.83 on normal vs. benign lesions) and was the only classifier to achieve any success in separating benign from malignant lesions (AUC=0.64 on benign vs. cancer). The classification results suggest that the assayed proteins are more indicative of a secondary effect, such as immune response, rather than specific for breast cancer. In conclusion, the decision fusion classifier demonstrated some promise in detecting breast lesions and outperformed other classifiers, especially for the very noisy classification problem of distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Tissue

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A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) - Relevance to morphology of microcalcifications for isocentric motion in Digital Breast tomosynthesis (DBT)

A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and poi...

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7th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE

作者： Chen, Ying Lo, Joseph Y Dobbins III, James T. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southern Illinois University Carbondale Carbondale IL 62901 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States Duke Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424415098

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a three-dimensional imaging technique providing an arbitrary set of reconstruction planes in the breast with limited series of projection images. This paper describes a comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) algorithms by impulse response and modulation transfer function (MTF) analysis. Due to the partial isocentric motion of the x-ray tube in DBT, structures such as microcalcifications appear slightly blurred in traditional shift-and-add (SAA) images in the direction perpendicular to the direction of tube 's motion. Point-by-point BP improved rendition of microcalcifications. The sharpness and morphology of calcifications were improved in a human subject images. A Filtered Back Projection (FBP) deblurring approach was used to demonstrate deblurred point-by-point BP tomosynthesis images. The point-by-point BP rather than traditional SAA should be considered as the foundation of further deblurring algorithms for DBT reconstruction. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Impulse response

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Contributors to the Lab on a Chip cell and tissue engineering in microsystems special issue

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Lab on a Chip 2007年第6期7卷 667-671页

作者： Bhatia, Sangeeta N. Chen, Christoper Bashir, Rashid Beebe, David J. Desai, Tejal Gottwald, Eric Khademhosseini, Ali Langer, Robert S. Piel, Matthieu Takayama, Shuichi Thorsen, Todd Tien, Joe Voldman, Joel Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana Wu, Mingming Yu, Hanry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science United States Laboratory for Multiscale Regenerative Technologies United States Department of Innovation University of Pennsylvania Department of Bioengineering United States Cell Biology and Physiology Program Cell Growth and Cancer Program Tissue Microfabrication Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Purdue University United States Department of Electronics University of Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Physiology and Bioengineering University of California San Francisco CA United States California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research UCSF/UC Berkeley Graduate Group in Bioengineering United States Laboratory of Therapeutic Micro and Nanotechnology Institute for Biological Interfaces Germany 3D-Cell Culture Techniques Group Institute for Biological Interfaces Germany Department of Medicine and Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) United States Institut Curie UMR 144 IC/CNRS France Biomedical Engineering Department University of Michigan United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program United States Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering Cornell University United States National University of Singapore Singapore Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology A STAR Singapore

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Enabling a strong U.S. engineering workforce for technological innovation: A national partnership in graduate professional education with industry to enhance U.S. competitiveness and economic development

Enabling a strong U.S. engineering workforce for technologic...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Keating, Donald Stanford, Thomas Bardo, John Dunlap, Duane DeLoatch, Eugene Tricamo, Stephen Deoew, Dennis Bertoline, Gary Schuver, Mark McHenry, Albert Lindquist, Timothy Tidwell, Joseph Palmer, Harvey Smith, Mark Morrison, Raymond Egbert, Norm Quick, David Olson, Roger Truesdale, Samuel Noori, Mohamad Sullivan, Edward Rencis, Joseph Purdy, Carla University of South Carolina United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Carolina United States ASEE-Graduate Studies Division Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina United States Western Carolina University United States Kimmel School Western Carolina University United States Morgan State University United States School of Engineering Morgan State University United States ASEE New Jersey Institute of Technology United States Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Purdue University United States College of Technology Purdue University United States Rolls-Royce-Purdue Master's Degree Program Purdue University United States Arizona State University United States Arizona State University Polytechnic United States Boeing Co. United States JACMET Arizona State University Polytechnic United States ASEE-College Industry Partnership Division Rochester Institute of Technology United States Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology United States Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Co. United States Engineering Integration and Strategy Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company United States ASEE-Corporate Rolls-Royce Corporation United States Rolls-Royce North American Technologies United States California State Polytechnic University United States College of Engineering California State Polytechnic University United States Graduate Programs and Research College of Engineering California State Polytechnic University United States University of Arkansas United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville United States ASEE-Mechanical Engineering Division ASME Mechanical Engineering Department University of Cincinnati United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cincinnati United States

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A constant revenue model for telecommunication networks

A constant revenue model for telecommunication networks

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International Conference on Networking, International Conference on Systems andInternational Conference on Mobile Communications and Learning Technologies, ICN/ICONS/MCL'06

作者： Sukasdadi, Hapsara R. Verma, Pramode K. Graduate Program in Telecommunication System Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)0769525520

It is well known that the quality of service provided by a telecommunication network as measured by the probability of blocking decreases rapidly when the incident traffic exceeds the design limits of the network. A higher probability of blocking results in reduced throughput and loss of revenue for the service provider. This paper presents a mechanism that introduces priority in a telephone system with the objective of providing a defined grade of service to priority traffic carrying a higher price tag. The non-priority traffic carries a lower price tag and a lower grade of service. The proposed pricing scheme maintains the overall revenue associated with the network at a constant level over a wide range of incident traffic. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Telecommunication networks

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A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) -- relevance to morphology of microcalcifications for isocentric motion in Digital Breast tomosynthesis (DBT)

A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and poi...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Ying Chen Joseph Y. Lo James T. Dobbins Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southem Illinois University Carbondale Carbondale IL USA Duke Adavanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Medical Center Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 Duke Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a three-dimensional imaging technique providing an arbitrary set of reconstruction planes in the breast with limited series of projection images. This paper describes a comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) algorithms by impulse response and modulation transfer function (MTF) analysis. Due to the partial isocentric motion of the x-ray tube in DBT, structures such as microcalcifications appear slightly blurred in traditional shift-and-add (SAA) images in the direction perpendicular to the direction of tube's motion. Point-by-point BP improved rendition of microcalcifications. The sharpness and morphology of calcifications were improved in a human subject images. A filtered back projection (FBP) deblurring approach was used to demonstrate deblurred point-by-point BP tomosynthesis images. The point-by-point BP rather than traditional SAA should be considered as the foundation of further deblurring algorithms for DBT reconstruction.

关键词： Morphology Image reconstruction X-ray imaging Back Image edge detection Breast cancer Detectors Biomedical engineering Transfer functions Humans

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Decision Fusion of Circulating Markers for Breast Cancer Detection in Premenopausal Women

Decision Fusion of Circulating Markers for Breast Cancer Det...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Jonathan L. Jesneck Sayan Mukherjee Loren W. Nolte Anna E. Lokshin Jeffrey R. Marks Joseph Lo Duke Advanced Imaging Labs Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Department of Computer Science Duke University USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Hematology/Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA Division of Hematology/Oncology University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh PA USA Division of Hematology/Oncology University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh PA Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Department of Experimental Surgery Medical Center Duke University USA Department of Experimental Surgery Duke University Medical Center Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham NC USA

Current mammographic screening for breast cancer is less effective for younger women. To complement mammography for premenopausal women, we investigated the feasibility screening test using 98 blood serum proteins. Because the data set was very noisy and contained only weak features, we used a classifier designed for noisy data: decision fusion. Decision fusion outperformed both a support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression with forward stepwise feature selection on all three two-class classification tasks: normal tissue vs. cancer, normal tissue vs. benign lesions, and benign lesions vs. cancer. Decision fusion detected cancer moderately well (AUC=0.84 on normal vs. cancer), demonstrating promise as a screening tool. Decision fusion also detected benign lesions similarly well (AUC=0.83 on normal vs. benign lesions) and was the only classifier to achieve any success in separating benign from malignant lesions (AUC=0.64 on benign vs. cancer). The classification results suggest that the assayed proteins are more indicative of a secondary effect, such as immune response, rather than specific for breast cancer. In conclusion, the decision fusion classifier demonstrated some promise in detecting breast lesions and outperformed other classifiers, especially for the very noisy classification problem of distinguishing benign from malignant lesions.

关键词： Breast cancer Cancer detection Lesions Proteins Support vector machines Support vector machine classification Mammography Testing Blood Linear regression

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Carbon nanostructure field emission devices

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Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 2006年第2期24卷 1008-1012页

作者： Wong, Y.M. Kang, W.P. Davidson, J.L. Soh, K.L. Choi, B.K. Hofmeister, W. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 Department of Chemical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235

The microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method is capable of synthesizing various forms of carbon allotropes such as diamond, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and diamondlike carbon (DLC) while varying the growth parameters or utilizing substrate coated with catalytic thin film. In this article, needlelike carbon nanostructures (CNs) were synthesized utilizing high power (5 kW) and high working pressure (120 Torr) MPCVD on a thin catalytic film of nickel with a diffusion barrier layer of titanium on a micropatterned silicon substrate. The effects of in situ doping by trimethylboron (TMB) on the morphologies and field emission properties of the CNs were also investigated. Straight, needlelike CNs with random orientation were obtained for 15 min growth time with or without TMB doping. However, the CNs appear to transform into diamondlike nanocrystals after prolonged growth of 30 min with TMB doping. Unlike MPCVD grown CNTs, it was found that the CNs have strong adhesion to the substrate and could withstand postgrowth processing such as ultrasonic agitation cleaning in solvents. Field emission tests performed show that in situ TMB doping of the patterned needlelike CNs lowers the turn-on field of the cathode. A vacuum field emission triode with self-aligned gate utilizing CNs as the field emitter is also fabricated. © 2006 American Vacuum Society.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Genetic programming with incremental learning for grammatical inference

Genetic programming with incremental learning for grammatica...

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6th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems and 4th Conference on Neuro-Computing and Evolving Intelligence, HIS-NCEI 2006

作者： Rodrigues, Ernesto Lopes, Heitor Silvério Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology - Paraná Av. 7 de setembro 3165 80230-901 Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0769526624

We present an evolutionary algorithm for the inference of context-free grammars from positive and negative examples. The algorithm is based on genetic programming and uses a local optimization operator that is capable of improving the learning task. Ordinary genetic operators are modified so as to bias the search. The system was evaluated using Tomita 's language examples and results were compared with another similar approach. Results show that the proposed approach is promising and more robust than the other one. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Context free grammars

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GA optimization of OBF TS fuzzy models with linear and non linear local models

GA optimization of OBF TS fuzzy models with linear and non l...

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9th Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks, SBRN'06

作者： Medeiros, Anderson V. Amaral, Wagner C. Campello, Ricardo J. G. B. State University of Campinas School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil Catholic University of Santos Graduate Program in Computer Science Santos SP 11070-906 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0769526802

OBF (Orthonormal Basis Function) Fuzzy models have shown to be a promising approach to the areas of nonlinear system identification and control since they exhibit several advantages over those dynamic model topologies usually adopted in the literature. Although encouraging application results have been obtained, no automatic procedure had yet been developed to optimize the design parameters of these models. This paper elaborates on the use of a genetic algorithm (GA) especially designed for this task, in which a fitness function based on the Akaike information criterion plays a key role by considering both model accuracy and parsimony aspects. The use of linear (actually affine) and nonlinear local models is also investigated. The proposed methodology is evaluated in the modeling of a real nonlinear magnetic levitation system. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Fuzzy sets

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