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International Conference on environmental science and Technology（ICEST 2011）

作者： Pokkate Wongsasuluk Srilert Chotpantarat Wattasit Siriwong International Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Management Graduate school.National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management(NCE-EHWM)Chulalongkorn University Department of Geology Faculty of Science.National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management(NCE-EHWM)Chulalongkorn University Thai Fogarty Center College of Public Health Sciences.National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management(NCE-EHWM)Chulalongkorn University

Nowadays there are several problems which are concerned about *** of the most important environmental issues today is groundwater contaminated with heavy metals especially arsenic（As） because of their severe toxicity even at low *** time ago until nowadays in Thailand people who have lived in this agricultural area generally consume groundwater from their wells located in their farm because they don’t concern about negative effects from heavy metal contamination in *** is possible that arsenic contaminated in shallow groundwater may cause a potential health effect to *** study aimed to assess the level of the human health risk from lead contaminated in shallow groundwater wells at Ubon Ratchathani province,*** wells randomly selected for water sampling and Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry（ICP-MS） used to find out the concentration of arsenic contaminated in shallow *** addition,questionnaires were completed by face-to-face interviewing with local people who consume shallow groundwater to find their intake rate and finally risk *** results showed that only one well was acceptable level for non-carcinogen which had the Hazard Quotient value of arsenic were lower than one（HQ＜1） while the others 11 wells were adverse concern with non-acceptable level which had the Hazard Quotient value of arsenic were higher than one（HQ＞1）.For carcinogenic effect,the acceptable risk was 10-6,this value means the probable possibility that about 1 cancer patients among 1,000,000 people *** result showed that all wells were acceptable level of cancer risk（cancer risk ＜ 10-6） while only one well was carcinogenic concern（cancer risk ＞ 10-6）.

关键词： Arsenic Groundwater Risk assessment Heavy metal contamination Ubonratchathani

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Reducing carbonyl emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine at US transient cycle test by use of paraffinic/biodiesel blends

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Atmospheric Environment 2009年第39期43卷 6175-6181页

作者： Yuan, Chung-Shin Lin, Yuan-Chung Tsai, Cheng-Hsien Wu, Chia-Chieh Lin, Yu-Sheng Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences 415 Chien-Kung Road Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Postgraduate Programs in Management I-Shou University Kaohsiung County 840 Taiwan Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 811 Taiwan

Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are toxic carcinogens so their reductions in diesel-engine emissions are desirable. This study investigated emissions of carbonyl compounds (CBCs) from an HDDE (heavy-duty diesel engine) at US transient cycle test, using five test fuels: premium diesel fuel (D100), P100 (100% palm-biodiesel), P20 (20% palm-biodiesel + 80% premium diesel fuel), PF80P20 (80% paraffinic fuel + 20% palm-biodiesel), and PF95P05 (95% paraffinic fuel + 5% palm-biodiesel). Experimental results indicate that formaldehyde was the major carbonyl in the exhaust, accounting for 70.1-76.2% of total CBC concentrations for all test fuels. In comparison with D100 (172 mg BHP-1 h-1), the reductions of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emission factor for P100, P20, PF80P20, and PF95P05 were (-16.8%, -61.8%), (-10.0%, -39.0%), (21.3%, 1.10%), and (31.1%, 19.5%), respectively. Using P100 and P20 instead of D100 in the HDDE increased CBC concentrations by 14.5% and 3.28%, respectively, but using PF80P20 and PF95P05 significantly reduced CBC concentrations by 30.3% and 23.7%, respectively. Using P100 and P20 instead of D100 (2867 ton yr-1) in the HDDE increased CBC emissions by 240 and 224 ton yr-1, respectively, but using PF80P20, and PF95P05 instead of D100 in the HDDE decreased CBC emissions by 711 and 899 ton yr-1, respectively. The above results indicate that the wide usage of paraffinic-palmbiodiesel blends as alternative fuels could protect the environment. Crown Copyright © 2009.

关键词： Diesel engines

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Primates in Peril: The World's 25 most endangered primates 20082010

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Primate Conservation 2009年第1期24卷 1-57页

作者： Mittermeier, Russell A. Wallis, Janette Rylands, Anthony B. Ganzhorn, Jörg U. Oates, John F. Williamson, Elizabeth A. Palacios, Erwin Heymann, Eckhard W. Kierulff, M. Cecília M. Yongcheng, Long Supriatna, Jatna Roos, Christian Walker, Sally Cortés-Ortiz, Liliana Schwitzer, Christoph Bearder, Simon K. Bergl, Richard Bracebridge, Claire E. Brockelman, Warren Y. Butynski, Thomas M. Cornejo, Fanny M. Das, Jayantha Davenport, Tim R. B. De Luca, Daniela W. DeLuycker, Anneke M. Dolch, Rainer Hai, Dong Thanh Dunn, Andrew Peng-Fei, Fan Geissman, Thomas Guillen, Rosamira Long, Ha Thang Honess, Paul E. Islam, Awar Johnson, Steig Jones, Trevor Lamilla, Iader Larney, Eileen Quyet, Le Khac Sanchez, Karmele Llano Yoncheng, Long Louis Jr., Edward E. MacHaga, Sophy J. Martin, Sara K. Mbora, David McGraw, W. Scott Moisson, Pierre Molur, Sanjay Morales-Jiménez, Alba Lucia Morgan, Bethan Mpunga, Noah E. Nadler, Tilo Nekaris, K. Anna I. Nicholas, Aaron Nijman, Vincent Nkembi, Louis Pacheco, Victor Paciulli, Lisa M. Patel, Erik R. Perkin, Andrew Thuc, Phan Duy Quintana, Heidi Rabarivola, Clment J. Rafaliarison, Radoniana R. Raffel, Martina Ralainasolo, Fidimalala Randriatahina, Guy H. Ratsimbazafy, Jonah Ravoarimanana, Iary B. Rudran, Rasanayagam Rumpler, Yves Salim, Agus Savage, Anne Schrudde, Daniela Schwitzer, Nora Shekelle, Myron Singleton, Ian Soto, Luis Stevens, Nancy Sunderland-Groves, Jacqueline Thorn, James S. Urbani, Bernardo Volampeno, Sylviane N. M. Wanasinghe, Ananda Warren, Ymke Weerakoon, Kanchana Werre, J. Lodewijk Wich, Serge A. Winarti, Indah Wright, Patricia C. Andriamaharoa, Hubert Zaramody, Alphonse Carretero-Pinzon, Xyomara Ruiz-Garcia, Manuel Defler, Thomas R. Missouri Botanical Garden Research and Conservation Madagascar Program Antananarivo 101 B.P. 3391 Madagascar Department of Anthropology School of Social Science and Law Oxford Brookes University Oxford 0X3 OBP United Kingdom North Carolina Zoological Park Asheboro NC 27205 4401 Zoo Parkway United States Wildlife Conservation Society Mbeya PO Box 1475 Tanzania Applied Ecology Group Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester Ml 5GD Chester Street United Kingdom Center for Conservation Biology Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development Mahidol University Salaya Nakhon Pathom 73170 Phuttthamon-thon 4 Road Thailand Bioko Biodiversity Protection Program Drexel University 10400 Nanyuki PO Box 149 Kenya Museo de Historia Natural Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima 11 Av. Arenales 1256 Peru Museum of Zoology Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-1079 138 Museums Annex 1109 Geddes Avenue United States Wildlife Areas Development and Welfare Trust Guwahati Assam 781 001 M.G. Road India Department of Anthropology Washington University St. Louis MO 63130 United States Prolemur Research Project Association Mitsinjo Andasibe Madagascar Department of Wildlife Management Faculty of Forest Resources and Environmental Management Vietnam Forestry Uiversity Xuan Mai Chuong My Hanoi Viet Nam Wildlife Conservation Society Calabar Cross River State GPO Box 796 Nigeria Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Jingdong Nature Reserve Management Bureau Jingdong China Institute of Zoology Ecology and Conservation 20146 Hamburg Martin Luther King Platz 3 Germany Anthropological Institute University Zurich-Irchel CH-8057 Zurich Winterthurerstr. 190 Switzerland Fundacion Proyecto Titi Barranquilla Carrera 56 # 68-85 Colombia Wildlife Research

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Abstracts of Presentations at the 2006 Fall Meeting of the Korean Society of Mycology at the Seoul Kyoyuk Munhwa Hoekwan, Seoul, Korea, October 19–20

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Mycobiology 2006年第4期34卷 249-261页

作者： Yong-Bo Lee Young-Hee Na Chae-Kyu Lim In-Hoa Jang Dong-Kyoung Jang Seong-Eun Yun Sin-Ae Park Sung-Hee Lim Hyeon-Na Cho Mi-Kyeong Lee Yue-Qin Xiao Young Jin Koh Jae-Seoun Hur Kwang-Mi Lim Yoshikazu Yamamoto Young-Ah Jeon Hyo-Jin Kim Myoung-Sook Shin Seung-Joo Go Seung-Beom Hong Duck-Hyun Cho Jin Sung Lee Hack Sung Jung Jae-Gu Han Hyeon-Dong Shin Young-Joon Choi Dae-Ho Kim Young-ah Jeon Seung-Ju Go Jong-Kyu Lee Kab-Yeul Jang Sun-Gyu Choi Won-Sik Kong Young-Bok Yoo Gyu-Hyun Kim Jae-Mo Sung Jin Hee Kim Ji Sun Lee Ji Young Seo Hyun-Su Rho Hyun Sook Lee Min Woong Lee U-Youn Lee Tae Soo Lee Min Woo Hyun Wook Ha Park Ji Hye Kim Jin Su Kim Seung Kyu Lee Kyung Hee Kim Seong Hwan Kim Imtiaj Ahmed Jayasinghe Chandana Sang Beom Kim Ji Yeon Oh Sam Nyu Jee Hojoung Lee Mun Il Ryoo Ki Deok Kim Sang Hyeon Park Ahn Heum Eom Narayan Chandra Paul Won Ki Kim Sung Kyoon Woo Yun Woo Jang Myung Soo Park Seung Hun Yu Miyeong Sim Ahn-Heum Eom Eun-Hwa Lee Suk Kim Yoo Mee Lee Eui Nam Kim Gun Woo Lee VU Van Hanh Suk Il Hong Keun Kim Keum Chul Shin Jong Kyu Lee Jong-Gab Jung Moo-Hee Mun Sang-Cheol Jun Kyu-Joong Kim Sang-Woo Kim Young-Jae Kim Eun-Jung Kim Ji-Seon Min Youn-Su Lee Seung-Bin Kim Moo-Young Jung Man-Su Yu Dong-Jun Kim Hak-Ro Youn Sung-Man Han Kye Seung Jang Yeo Hong Yun Hun Dal Yoo Hyo Sun Jang Chung Hwa Lee Je-O Lee Sang-Kuk Han Eun-Jeong Ham Bhushan Shrestha Ho-Kyoung Kim Tae-Woong Kim Won-Ho Lee Su-Young Lee Cheol-Soon Ko Beom-Suk Kim Jinju Kim Hyun-Sook Lee Hyeon-Su Ro Kwang-Joon Chang Kang-Hyeon Ka Hyeon Hur In-Pyo Hong Jae-Ouk Shim Tae-Soo Lee Ji-Yul Lee Min-Woong Lee Ji Hwan Yoon Ji Eun Park Hyun Seok Jo Dong Yeon Suh Seung Beom Hong Seung Ju Ko Heng Luo Mei Rong Ren Kwon-Il Seo Soon-Ok Rim Jin-Hyung Lee In-Joong Lee In-Koo Rhee Jong-Guk Kim Sun Hwa Ryu A Young Lee Hee Kyoung Sohn Myung Kil Kim Ja-Young Yoon Yun-Hee Park Hee-Moon Park Joong-Keun Lee Seung-Moon Park Moon-Sik Yang Tai-Boong Uhm Dae-Hyuk Kim In-Yeup Kim Chang-Sung Jhune Kwang-Ho Kim Young Bok Yoo Won Sik Kong Kab Yeul Jang In Yeup Kim Se Jong Oh Chang Sung Jhune Division of Science Education College of Education Chosun University Gwangju 501–759 Korea. Department of Herbal Medicine Resources Development Naju College Naju 520–713 Korea. Major in Biology Education Graduate School of Education Chosun University Gwangju 501–759 Korea Korean Lichen Research Institute Sunchon National University Sunchon 540–742 Korea. Department of Plant Medicine Sunchon National University Sunchon 540–742 Korea. Department of Environmental Education & Sciences Sunchon National Univerity Sunchon 540–742 Korea. Department of Biological Production Faculty of Bioresources Sciences Akita Prefectural University Japan. Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology Suwon 441–707 Korea. School of Biological Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 151–742 Korea Korean Agricultural Culture Collection National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology RDA Suwon 441–707 Korea Department of Biology Woosuk University Wanju 565–701 Korea Polar Biocenter Korea Polar Research Institute KORDI Incheon 406–130 Korea. Department of Biological Sciences College of Natural Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 151–747 Korea Division of Environmantal Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 136–701 Korea Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University Seoul 136–701 Korea. Tree Pathology and Mycology Laboratory Division of Forest Resources Kangwon National University Chuncheon 200–701 Korea.Korean Agricultural Culture Collection National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology RDA Suwon 441–707 Korea Tree Pathology and Mycology Laboratory Division of Forest Resources Kangwon National University Chuncheon 200–701 Korea. Applied Microbiology Division National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology RDA Suwon 441–707 Korea. Forest Mushroom Research Center National

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Engineering the environmentally sound warship for the twenty-first century

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 189-217页

作者： Markle, SP Gill, SE McGraw, PS Udr. Stephen P. Markle USN is a career Engineering Duty officer assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command Arlington Virginia where he is Deputy Directs Environmental Programs Division (SEA 03L1 B). He is responsible fm program management activities associated with all ahat environmental protection equipment design and selection of environmental protection equipment and systems fm future surface ship designs (DD 21 CVN 7Z CW LPD 17) and serves on several teams designed to promote Nay wide awarmss of environmental protection requirements and Nay programs to meet these challenges. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a naval engineers degree and master of science in mechanical engineering. His interest in environmental issues predates his undergraduate studies at Syracuse Universityl State University of New Ymk College of Environmental Science and Fmestry where he received a bachelm of science degree in fmest engineering from the School of Environmental and Resource Engineering. LCdx Markle has qualified as a Surface Warfare Officer and in submarines through the Engineering Duty Dolphin Program he is a member of the Acquisition Professional Community and a graduate of the Defense Systems Management College Advanced Program Managers Course. He is a professional engineer registered in the State of New York and is a member ofthe American Society of Naval Engineers National Society of Professional Engineers American Society for Testing and Materials Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers and Society of Automotive Engineers. Peter 5. McGraw is current the Acting Branch Head ofthe Solid Waste Management Branch (Code 634) of the Environmental Quality Dwrtment of the Naval Surfice Warfare Centel: Carderock Division. As such he is responsible for among other things: the Shipboard Advanced Incinerator RDT&E Program the Submarine Plastic Waste RDT&E Program Solid Waste Processing Equipment Design Acquisitio

The past twenty-five years has been marked by the introduction ed marine environmental regulations that have had a profound effect on how ships are designed, built and operated. Ships being designed and built today must accommodate not only current regulations but anticipate those enacted over their thirty to fifty year life cycles. U.S. Chief of Naval Operations, Office of environmental, Safety and Health (CNO N45) has articulated a vision for the environmentally Sound Warship of the Twenty-first Century. This vision incorporates the "Sense of Congress" for a naval ship designed to operate in full compliance with environmental regulations worldwide. The task of the Navy engineering team is to translate this vision into reality;a ship capable of prevailing in time of war and able to conduct operations in all areas of the globe, unencumbered by special procedures for environmental compliance. The keys to this warship design are the early integration of environmentally sound principles, materials, and processes into the ship acquisition process;minimization of both hazardous materials and generation of post shipboard consumer waste during operation;adaptation of integrated systems to reduce the volume of wastes and enhance processing efficiency;reduced manpower requirements;and crew indoctrination in environmental protection.

关键词： Ships environmental regulations Engineering ARTICULATED Navy environmental security

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CVN 68 class solid waste flow analysis

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第6期110卷 73-87页

作者： Markle, SP Gill, SE LCdr. Stephen P. Markely USN:is a career Engineering Duty Oficer assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command Arlington VA where he is Deputy Directol Environmental Protection Systems Division (SEA 03 LIB). He is responsible for Program Management activities associated with all afloat environmental protection equipment and serves on several teams designed to promote Navy wide awareraess of environmental protection requirements and Navy programs to meet these challenges. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Zchmlogy where he received a Naval Engineering Degree and Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering. His interest in environmental issues predates his undergraduate studies at Syracuse UniversitylState University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestw where he received a Bachelm of Science degree in Forrest Engineering from the School of Environmental and Resource Engineeriw. LCdr Markle has qualified as a Surface Warfare Oficer and in submarines through Engineering Duty Dolphin Program. He is a Professional Engineer registered in the State of New York and is a member ofASNE NSPE ASTM SNAME and SAE. Sean G. Gill:is a Senior Engineer with GEO-CENTERS incorporated in Pittsburgh PA where he provides technical and administrative support to the Naval Sea Systems Command (SEA 03L1) and the Carderock Division of the Naval Surfme Waflare Center (Code a) principal& on the shipboard and submarine solid waste management programs. Prior to joining GEO-CENTERS incorporated in 1996 he worked for eleven years at the Carderock Division of the Naval Surfme Warfare Center as a project engineer and a Branch Head. In the former capacity Mr Gill participated in various blackwatel gray watel and oily wastewater treatment projects oversaw the development of the Navy Pulper and was Center's technical team leader for the NAVSEA Solid Waste management program. In 1994 he was assigned to be Branch Head of Code 634 the Solid Waste Management

Through a detailed Research and Development Program, the U.S. Navy has developed a suite of shipboard solid waste management equipment enabling compliance with federal and international law. Four major equipment types have been developed to outfit twenty-seven classes of naval surface ships. The major equipment types are: Plastic Waste Processor (PWP), Metal/Glass Shredder (MGS), Large Pulper (LP), and Small Pulper (SP). The Navy is aggressively procuring and installing this equipment aboard all ships of FFG 7 Class and larger. A deadline of December 31, 2000 has been set for completion. Engineering analysis and held waste generation studies were conducted to select the specific equipment suite and develop alteration documentation for each ship class. Specific factors in this process were: solid waste generation rates, equipment reliability analysis, ship arrangement considerations, daily equipment operation Limits, and shipboard quality of life issues. A solid waste management study was conducted in the fall of 1997 to validate Navy equipment and ship design parameters onboard the USS John C. Stennis (CVN 74). Generation rates for shipboard solid waste were determined for plastic, metal and glass, food, paper, cardboard, fabric and wood. Engineering analysis of data allowed a decrease in CVN 68 Class design waste generation rates. Engineering analysis enabled a reduction in the number of PWPs and MGSs required, and fewer spaces for efficient operation. Ship arrangement studies were conducted to optimize efficiency and equipment mix of Solid Waste Processing Rooms (SWPRs) relative to waste generation sites. This paper briefly articulates the process followed by the Navy in responding to regulations governing solid waste management in the marine environment. Evidence validating the engineering procedures followed is presented.

关键词： Ship equipment

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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, DE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of Human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： Human engineering

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RAPD molecular markers to study populations of black grouse Tetrao tetrix in the Alps

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Wildlife Biology 1997年第3/4期3卷 269-296页

作者： Marco Bagliacca Alessio Valentini I. Cappuccio Michael A. Schroeder James D. Bland Paavo Kumpu Pekka Helle Ari Nikula John A. Crawford Simon J. Thirgood Stephen M. Redpath Paolo F. de Franceschi Angela Sepulcri Stefano Filacorda Edi Piasentier Ilse Storch Ralph W. Dimmick Jeffrey D. Sole Phillip E. Hale William G. Minser Richard F. Miller Lee L. Eddleman Melora A. Doan Ralph W. Dimmick David A. Buehler John C. Rennie Eric C. Pelren John A. Crawford Laura A. Higgins Jennifer A. Hill Jessica R. Young Richard D. Howard Michael E. Morrow Clifton P. Griffin Markus J. Peterson Nova J. Silvy Dennis J. Minchella Helmut Weiss Emmanuel Ménoni Philippe Landry C. Berducou Yoshiyuki Baba Hiroko Koike Toshinao Okayama Yuzou Fujimaki Anne E. Westerberg Anthony D. Apa Kerry P. Reese John W. Connelly Tomas Willebrand A. Adam Smith Richard K. Baydack Osmo Rätti Rauno V. Alatalo James F. Bendell Yuzo Fujimaki Yukako Miyazawa Kumiko Sasaoka Mark S. Boyce Sara J. Oyler Clait E. Braun Kenneth P. Burnham Michelle L. Commons Clait E. Braun Richard W. Hoffman Grant M. Beauprez Patricia A.W. Deibert Daniel M. Keppie Daniel R. Dessecker Christopher R. Merker Thomas A. Eddy Kenneth M. Giesen Gerald D. Kobriger Yun Fang Yue-Hua Sun Scott Harrison Ben Chatterson David Paul Clifton P. Griffin Michael E. Morrow Nova J. Silvy Andreas Kämpfer-Lauenstein Thomas E. Remington Richard W. Hoffman Mark L. Drew W.L. Wigle David L. Graham Aly Fadly Richard Witter Thomas W. Quinn Nate W. Kahn Jessica R. Young Nickolas G. Benedict Stacey Wood Duane Mata Clait E. Braun Ene Viht Peter A. Robertson Peter J. Hudson Robert J. Small Donald H. Rusch John R. Cary James C. Holzwart Jorund Rolstad Per Wegge Ivar Gjerde Tiina Mäkinen Ahti Pyörnilä Ahti Putaala Raimo Hissa Wei Gao Zhongxin Gao Changhu Lu Xiangtao Li Sami Kurki Ari Nikula Pekka Helle Harto Lindén Kathy Martin Peter B. Stacey Clait E. Braun Marco Bagliacca Departmento di Produzione Animale Università di Pisa Via delle Piagge Pisa Italy Alessio Valentini &amp I. Cappuccio Istituto di Zootecnia Università della Tuscia Via de Lellis Viterbo Italy. James D. Bland 604 E. 11th Street Davis California 95616 USA Paavo Kumpu &amp Pekka Helle Meltaus Game Research Station Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute FIN-97340 Meltaus Finland Ari Nikula Finnish Forest Research Institute Rovaniemi Research Station FIN-96301 Rovaniemi Finland John A. Crawford Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA Simon J. Thirgood The Game Conservancy Trust Crubenmore Lodge Newtonmore Inverness-shire Scotland PH20 1BE United Kingdom Stephen M. Redpath Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Monks Wood Abbots Ripton Huntingdon Cambridgeshire PE17 2LS United Kingdom Paolo F. de Franceschi Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona Via Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9 33127 Verona Italy Angela Sepulcri Stefano Filacorda &amp Edi Piasentier Dipartimento di Science della Produzione Animate Universita degli Studi di Udine Via S. Mauro 2 33010 Pagnacco Udine Italy Ilse Storch Munich Wildlife Society Linderhof2 82488 Ettal Germany Ralph W. Dimmick &amp William G. Minser Department of Forestry Wildlife and Fisheries University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37901 USA Jeffrey D. Sole Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources Rt 1 Game Farm Road Frankfort Kentucky 40601 USA Phillip E. Hale School of Forest Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA Richard F. Miller Great Basin Experimental Range Oregon State University Burns Oregon 97720 USA Lee L. Eddleman Department of Rangeland Resources Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA Melora A. Doan Ralph W. Dimmick David A. Buehler &amp John C. Rennie Department of Forestry Wildlife and Fisheries University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37901 USA Eric C. Pelren &amp John A. Craw

The black grouse Tetrao tetrix is declining in most of the Alps where it historically occurred. A better knowledge of the genetics of the wild populations and of captivereared birds is necessary for future reintroduction into areas where they historically occurred or where they are endangered. DNA-markers are the choice of method to study genetics of wild populations, but it is difficult to get blood samples from wild birds to extract DNA. A technique based on feathers as the DNA source was developed. DNA extracted from blood and feathers from seven birds was tested by PCR, 80 10-base primers. Only seven primers showed a repeatable amplification profile between DNA sources and polymorphic variation within the population. The selected primers were used to amplify the DNA extracted from wild black grouse feathers in different areas (Trentino, Cuneo, Maritime Alps). The Trentino population presented a reduced genetic variability with an average band sharing (ABS) of 0.76 ± 0.145 in the captive-reared birds vs 0.70 ± 0.17 in all birds. The birds from Cuneo and the Maritime Alps had an ABS of 0.48 ± 0.07 and 0.35 ± 0.10, respectively, and were quite different from the average genotype.

关键词： black grouse genetic variability RAPD molecular markers Tetrao tetrix the Alps

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THE CALLING(SM) NETWORK - A GLOBAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATION-SYSTEM

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第1期12卷 45-61页

作者： TUCK, EF PATTERSON, DP STUART, JR LAWRENCE, MH Calling Communications Corporation. 1900 West Garvey Ave South. Suite 200 West Covina CA 91790 USA. Chairman of Calling Communications Corporation. He is also the Managing Director of Kinship Venture Management Inc. the general partner of Kinship Partners 11 and a General Partner of Boundary the general partner of The Boundary Fund. As a venture capitalist he has founded or participated in founding several telecommunications companies including Calling Communications Corporation Magellan Systems Corporation manufactures of Global Positioning System receivers Applied Digital Access manufacturer of DS-3 test access and network performance monitoring equipment Endgate Technology Corporation specialists in satellite phased array antennas and Poynting Systems Corporation. now a division of Reliance Corporation manufacturers of fibre optic transport equipment. He was a founder of Kebby Microwave Corporation where he invented the first solid-state. frequency-modulated commercial microwave link system. The company was acquired by ITT Corporation where he rose to the position of V.P. and Technical Director of ITT North America Telecommunications Inc. Subsequently he was V.P. of Marketing and Engineering at American Telecommunications Inc. (ATC). He was founding Director of American Telecom Inc. a joint venture between ATC and Fujitsu and has served on more than 20 boards of directors including those of three public companies. He has authored articles on microwave engineering and telephone signalling and was a contributor to Reference Data For Radio Engineers. He is a graduate of the University of Missouri at Rolla where he was later awarded an honorary Professional degree and serves on its Academy of Electrical Engineering. Mr Tuck is a Senior Member of the IEEE a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers (Australia) a Professional Member of the AIAA and a registered professional engineer in three states. More than 25 years of experience in the telecommunications industry where he has been responsibl

There is a very large demand for basic telephone service in developing nations, and remote parts of industrialized nations, which cannot be met by conventional wireline and cellular systems. This is the world's largest unserved market. We describe a system which uses recent advances in active phased arrays, fast-packet switching technology, adaptive routeing, and light spacecraft technology, in part based on the work of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and on recently-declassified work done on the Strategic Defense Initiative, to make it possible to address this market with a global telephone network based on a large low-Earth-orbit constellation of identical satellites. A telephone utility can use such a network to provide the same modern basic and enhanced telephone services offered by telephone utilities in the urban centres of fully-industrialized nations. Economies of scale permit capital and operating costs per subscriber low enough to provide a service to all subscribers, regardless of location, at prices comparable to the same services in urban areas of industrialized nations, while generating operating profits great enough to attract the capital needed for its construction. The bandwidth needed to support the capacity needed to gain these economies of scale requires that the system use K(alpha)-band frequencies. This choice of frequencies places unusual constraints on the network design, and in particular forces the use of a large number of satellites. Global demand for basic and enhanced telephone service is great enough to support at least three networks of the size described herein. The volume of advanced components, and services such as launch services, required to construct and replace these networks is sufficient to propel certain industries to market leadership positions in the early 21st Century.

关键词： LOW EARTH ORBIT SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS FAST PACKET SWITCHING EARTH FIXED CELLS ADAPTIVE ROUTEING LIGHT SPACECRAFT K(A) BAND PHASED-ARRAY ANTENNAS

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AIR-CUSHION LANDING CRAFT NAVIGATION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 248-260页

作者： GRAHAM, HR KIM, JC BAND, EGU FOWLER, AW Herbert R. Graham:received his degrees of B.S. in 1951 and M.S. in 1958 in aeronautical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the California Institute of Technology respectively. He also attended the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration. He is presently a task manager at TRW Inc. McLean Virginia responsible for landing craft air cushion (LCAC) engineering support. Since joining TRW in 1967 he has had several technical project management and system engineering responsibilities in amphibious ships transportation and energy. He was responsible for the preliminary engineering design and cost estimates for tracked air cushion vehicles (TACVs). He has been active in several professional societies including ASNE and served as vice-chairman Los Angeles Section American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. John C. Kim:received his degrees of B.S. in electrical engineering Tri-State University 1959 M.S. in electrical engineering Michigan State University 1960 and Ph.D. in electrical engineering Michigan State University. He is presently a senior staff engineer with TRW Inc. McLean Virginia where his technical experience has included communications system engineering and navigation system analysis. Since joining TRW in 1969 he has held numerous positions including section head project manager and department manager. His previous employment includes E-Systems/Melpar Division and Honeywell. Dr. Kim has been active in the IEEE Washington Chapter activities which included secretary vice-chairman and chairman of Systems Science and Cybernetics Group. Edward G.U. Band:received a B.S. degree in mechnical engineering in 1946 and a D.I.C in aeronautical engineering in 1947 at the City and Guilds College of London University. In 1951 he received an M.S. degree from Stevens Institute of Technology in fluid dynamics. After a career in the aircraft industry in England Canada and the U.S.A. he spent several years teaching in Chile and at Webb Institute of Naval Archi

Air cushion vehicles (ACVs) have operated successfully on commercial routes for about twenty years. The routes are normally quite short; the craft are equipped with radar and radio navigation aids and maintain continuous contact with their terminals. Navigation of these craft, therefore, does not present any unusual difficulty. The introduction of air cushion vehicles into military service, however, can present a very different picture, especially when external navigation aids are not available and the craft must navigate by dead reckoning. This paper considers the problems involved when navigating a high-speed air cushion vehicle by dead reckoning in conditions of poor visibility. A method is presented to assess the ACV's navigational capability under these circumstances. A figure of merit is used to determine the sensitivity of factors which affect navigation such as the range of visibility, point-to-point distance, speed, turning radius and accuracy of onboard equipment. The method provides simplistic but adequate answers and can be used effectively to compare the-capability and cost of alternative navigation concepts.

关键词： AIR CUSHION VEHICLES

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