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7th International Conference on Internet Applications, Protocols, and Services, NETAPPS 2024

作者： Banua, Noraini binti Mohd Mohammed, Fathey Mukred, Moaadh Bazel, Mahmood A. Sajat, Mohd Samsu Bin Awang Had Salleh Graduate School School of Computing University Utara Malaysia Jitra Kedah Malaysia Sunway Business School Sunway University Selangor Subang Jaya47500 Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Computing University of Science and Technology Taiz City Yemen Sintok Kedah06010 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519513

Gamification is a technique that uses game mechanics and aspects to engage and inspire people to complete a task. Gamification has grown in popularity in several industries recently, including software development. The purpose of this systematic literature review (SLR) is to review the most recent findings in the field of gamification's application to agile methodology between the years 2015 and 2024. With the help of search terms like "gamification," "agile methodology," and "game mechanics," "agile development," a thorough scan of databases including the IEEE Xplore, and Scopus was carried out. Articles and studies released in English were examined. Data were extracted analysed using a spreadsheet to organize information such as study design, sample size, research setting, kinds of game mechanics used, and major findings. To combine the results from the chosen studies and discover any recurring themes or patterns, a thematic analysis method was used. The findings of this SRL points to areas for further study and contributes to understanding the benefits and best practices of using gamification in agile methodology and provides insights for practitioners and researchers in the field. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agile gamification Agile methodology gamification

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Cost-Effective Authenticated Solution (CAS) for 6G-Enabled Artificial Intelligence of Medical Things (AIoMT)

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024年第13期11卷 23977-23984页

作者： Mahmood, Khalid Obaidat, Mohammad S. Shamshad, Salman Alenazi, Mohammed J. F. Kumar, Gulshan Anisi, Mohammad Hossein Conti, Mauro National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan The University of Jordan King Abdullah II School of Information Technology Amman11942 Jordan University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Communication and Computing Engineering Beijing100083 China Amity University Amity School of Engineering and Technology Noida201301 India University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Riyadh12311 Saudi Arabia University of Padua Department of Mathematics Padua35131 Italy Lovely Professional University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Phagwara144411 India University of Essex School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering ColchesterCO4 3SQ United Kingdom

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of interconnected objects, which congregate and exchange gigantic amounts of data. Usually, predeployed embedded sensors sense this massive data. Soon, several applications of IoT are anticipated to exploit emerging 6G technology. Healthcare is one of them, where the 6G-inspired paradigm may facilitate the users to exchange information through hundreds of sensors under the assumption of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT). Integration of medical sensors with AIoT is known as Artificial Intelligence of Medical Things (AIoMT). The secure and seamless interactions among 6G-enabled AIoMT users should be the primary challenge. Furthermore, resource-constrained wearable sensing devices, with their inability to execute complex security solutions, provide an ideal attraction for malicious entities to launch diverse attacks. These challenges have motivated us to design a cost-effective authenticated solution (CAS) for 6G-enabled AIoMT healthcare applications. Our CAS protocol not only prevents cyber threats like impersonation session key secrecy but it can also prevent physical threats like hardware tampering. We observe formal and informal security validations to endorse its robustness and effectiveness. Performance comparison reveals that the CAS protocol offers maximum security enrichment. Moreover, CAS is cost-effective as it has achieved 33% and 60% reduction in computation and communication overheads, respectively, compared to contemporary competing related protocols. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication

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Stability-Enhanced Human Activity Recognition With a Compact Few-Channel mm-Wave FMCW Radar

IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems 2025年 3卷 360-378页

作者： Peng, Xuanyu Hu, Yaokun Liu, Ting Wu, Ying Saito, Tatsunori Toda, Takeshi Nihon University Graduate School of Science and Technology Tokyo101-0062 Japan Fujitsu Ltd. Kanagawa211-8588 Japan Nihon University College of Science and Technology Tokyo101-0062 Japan National University of Defense Technology College of Electronic Science Changsha410073 China University of Leeds School of Computing LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

This study explores the application of a 77 GHz mm-wave frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system for human activity recognition (HAR). We propose a novel density-aware convex hull (DACH) algorithm specifically designed to address the challenge of point cloud sparsity, which is particularly evident when using few-channel radar systems. This algorithm combines a triple-view convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) models for classification. Unlike traditional methods that often overlook the impact of sparse point cloud data, our approach emphasizes the importance of maintaining robust and dense data for precise activity recognition. Our experiments, which involved classifying nine human activities—standing, sitting, squatting, lying on the floor, transitions between these postures, and walking—demonstrate the method’s effectiveness. By using a compact 3Tx4Rx few-channel radar, we achieve a balance among cost, size, and performance, making it suitable for practical applications like indoor health monitoring and elderly care. The proposed method achieves an average classification accuracy of approximately 99.63% across all four scenarios, marking a significant improvement over existing approaches, and shows promise for real-time applications in various fields. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved,

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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DISTILLING MONOLINGUAL AND CROSSLINGUAL WORD-IN-CONTEXT REPRESENTATIONS

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Arase, Yuki Kajiwara, Tomoyuki School of Computing Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Japan

In this study, we propose a method that distils representations of word meaning in context from a pretrained masked language model in both monolingual and crosslingual settings. Word representations are the basis for context-aware lexical semantics and unsupervised semantic textual similarity (STS) estimation. Different from existing approaches, our method does not require human-annotated corpora nor updates of the parameters of the pre-trained model. The latter feature is appealing for practical scenarios where the off-the-shelf pre-trained model is a common asset among different applications. Specifically, our method learns to combine the outputs of different hidden layers of the pre-trained model using self-attention. Our auto-encoder based training only requires an automatically generated corpus. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we performed extensive experiments using various benchmark tasks. The results on the monolingual tasks confirmed that our representations exhibited a competitive performance compared to that of the previous study for the context-aware lexical semantic tasks and outperformed it for STS estimation. The results of the crosslingual tasks revealed that the proposed method largely improved crosslingual word representations of multilingual pre-trained models. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

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An Explainable Machine Learning-Based Phishing Website Detection using Gradient Boosting

An Explainable Machine Learning-Based Phishing Website Detec...

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2024 International Conference on Information Technology Research and Innovation, ICITRI 2024

作者： Prayogo, Rizal Dwi Alfisyahrin, Alvin Rizqi Gambetta, Windy Karimah, Siti Amatullah Nambo, Hidetaka Kanazawa University Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa Japan Telkom University School of Computing Bandung Indonesia Kanazawa University Faculty of Transdisciplinary Sciences Institute of Philosophy in Interdisciplinary Sciences Kanazawa Japan Institut Teknologi Bandung School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376210

As the need for achieving optimal performance in prediction models, several recent and complex models have been developed. However, many of these models operate as black boxes, providing little insight into their predictive results. In recent years, three gradient-boosting methods based on Decision Trees have been recommended, i.e., XGBoost, CatBoost, and LightGBM. These methods have proven to deliver competitive performance with fast training times. Nevertheless, in critical domains like security, there is a growing need for increased transparency among stakeholders. One pressing concern in the security field is the proliferation of phishing websites. To address this issue, we propose an explainable machine learning-based approach using gradient-boosting methods with hyperparameter optimization on three phishing website datasets. Our best methods surpass the state-of-the-art phishing website detection methods, achieving accuracy rates of 97.45%, 99.16%, and 97.85% for the UCI (2015), Mendeley (2018), and Mendeley (2020) datasets, respectively. Subsequently, we implement posthoc explainability using SHAP and LIME for the selected dataset. The experimental results indicate that three features, i.e., length_url, directory_length, and time_domain_activation, are consistently identified as the most influential features in the dataset. Moreover, our proposed approach demonstrates promising results for detecting phishing websites with both high accuracy and explainability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Phishing

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REMOTELY CONTROLLABLE DNA MICROFLOW 26

REMOTELY CONTROLLABLE DNA MICROFLOW

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26th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2022

作者： Udono, Hirotake Nomura, Shin-Ichiro M. Takinoue, Masahiro Department of Computer Science School of Computing Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Department of Robotics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419048

Despite an emerging interest in fluid manipulation within confined environment such as biological cells and micro-scale biomimics, remotely controllable micro-scale flow remains unexplored. However, intracellular microfluidics is not compatible with established top-down microfluidic methods because of limited accessibility. Here, we demonstrate photoresponsive DNA fluid, condensate of DNA nanostructures (DNA motifs), as a versatile mechanistic tool for the remote control of microflow. Insertion site of azobenzene, introduced for photocontrollability, determines an extent of dynamic shift in binding enthalpy between DNA motifs, providing the underpinning mechanism for drastic and facile flow-mode switching. © 2022 MicroTAS 2022 - 26th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Remote control

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PERIODICITY DECOUPLING FRAMEWORK FOR LONG-TERM SERIES FORECASTING 12

PERIODICITY DECOUPLING FRAMEWORK FOR LONG-TERM SERIES FORECA...

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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Dai, Tao Wu, Beiliang Liu, Peiyuan Li, Naiqi Bao, Jigang Jiang, Yong Xia, Shu-Tao College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China WeBank Institute of Financial Technology Shenzhen University China

Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based and Transformer-based methods have recently made significant strides in time series forecasting, which excel at modeling local temporal variations or capturing long-term dependencies. However, real-world time series usually contain intricate temporal patterns, thus making it challenging for existing methods that mainly focus on temporal variations modeling from the 1D time series directly. Based on the intrinsic periodicity of time series, we propose a novel Periodicity Decoupling Framework (PDF) to capture 2D temporal variations of decoupled series for long-term series forecasting. Our PDF mainly consists of three components: multi-periodic decoupling block (MDB), dual variations modeling block (DVMB), and variations aggregation block (VAB). Unlike the previous methods that model 1D temporal variations, our PDF mainly models 2D temporal variations, decoupled from 1D time series by MDB. After that, DVMB attempts to further capture short-term and long-term variations, followed by VAB to make final predictions. Extensive experimental results across seven real-world long-term time series datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method over other state-of-the-art methods, in terms of both forecasting performance and computational efficiency. Code is available at https://***/Hank0626/PDF. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Time series

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Provably Secure Conditional-Privacy Access Control Protocol for Intelligent Customers-Centric Communication in VANET

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年第1期70卷 1747-1756页

作者： Saleem, Muhammad Asad Li, Xiong Mahmood, Khalid Shamshad, Salman Ayub, Muhammad Faizan Bashir, Ali Kashif Omar, Marwan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu12599 China National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan The University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan Manchester Metropolitan University Department of Computing and Mathematics ManchesterM15 6BH United Kingdom Woxsen University Woxsen School of Business Hyderabad502345 India Lebanese American University Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Beirut1102 2801 Lebanon Illinois Institute of Technology Information Technology and Management ChicagoIL60555 United States

Globally, the development of Intelligent Cyber-Physical Transportation Systems (ICTS) aims to tackle several challenges, including reducing traffic accidents and fuel usage, alleviating congestion, shortening travel time, and enhancing overall transportation safety. These systems leverage advanced customer-centric communication and networked control methods, such as inter-vehicle, vehicle-to-roadside (V2R), and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication through the use of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to cover all aspects of transportation-based information. In existing systems, once devices are registered with a Trusted Authority (TA), subsequent authentication still relies on the TA's assistance. However, these devices typically remain stationary, and frequent interaction with the TA becomes impractical and costly in highly mobile VANET environments. To address this challenge, we propose a secure access control protocol with conditional privacy for VANETs. Unlike other protocols, our protocol does not require the TA's involvement during authentication between vehicles and RSUs. Additionally, our protocol leverages pseudonym mechanisms to provide conditional privacy, enabling legitimate vehicles to remain anonymous while malicious ones can be tracked. Our proposed scheme is supported by both formal and informal security analyses and has been shown to be secure against several known attacks in VANETs. Furthermore, compared to relevant studies, our protocol achieves 30.2505% of efficiency in terms of computation cost and 11.09276% of efficiency in terms of communication cost, respectively. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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Task Groupings Regularization: Data-Free Meta-Learning with Heterogeneous Pre-trained Models 41

Task Groupings Regularization: Data-Free Meta-Learning with ...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Wei, Yongxian Hu, Zixuan Shen, Li Wang, Zhenyi Li, Yu Yuan, Chun Tao, Dacheng Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University China College of Computing & Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Cyber Science and Technology Sun Yatsen University China University of Maryland College Park United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Data-Free Meta-Learning (DFML) aims to derive knowledge from a collection of pre-trained models without accessing their original data, enabling the rapid adaptation to new unseen tasks. Current methods often overlook the heterogeneity among pre-trained models, which leads to performance degradation due to task conflicts. In this paper, we empirically and theoretically identify and analyze the model heterogeneity in DFML. We find that model heterogeneity introduces a heterogeneity-homogeneity trade-off, where homogeneous models reduce task conflicts but also increase the overfitting risk. Balancing this trade-off is crucial for learning shared representations across tasks. Based on our findings, we propose Task Groupings Regularization, a novel approach that benefits from model heterogeneity by grouping and aligning conflicting tasks. Specifically, we embed pre-trained models into a task space to compute dissimilarity, and group heterogeneous models together based on this measure. Then, we introduce implicit gradient regularization within each group to mitigate potential conflicts. By encouraging a gradient direction suitable for all tasks, the meta-model captures shared representations that generalize across tasks. Comprehensive experiments showcase the superiority of our approach in multiple benchmarks, effectively tackling the model heterogeneity in challenging multi-domain and multi-architecture scenarios. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

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The 1st ChatGPT4PCG Competition

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IEEE Transactions on Games 2024年 1-17页

作者： Abdullah, Febri Taveekitworachai, Pittawat Dewantoro, Mury F. Thawonmas, Ruck Togelius, Julian Renz, Jochen Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan School of Computing The Australian National University Canberra Australia

This study summarizes the first ChatGPT4PCG competition held at the 2023 IEEE Conference on Games. The goal of the competition is to explore emergent abilities of publicly available LLMs in performing complex tasks related to procedural content generation, specifically physics-based level generation for Angry Bird-like games. Participants are tasked with submitting their prompts for ChatGPT to generate Angry Birds-like game structures that resemble English uppercase characters. A structure is a collection of stacked game objects comprising a part of an entire Angry Birds-like level. A prompt is an input for large language models (LLMs) including ChatGPT. Two evaluation metrics, i.e., stability and similarity, are used to evaluate the submitted prompts. Stability measures the sturdiness of a structure to withstand in-game gravity, while similarity measures a structure's resemblance to the target character. With such evaluation, participants are challenged not only to produce character-like but also stable structures by utilizing prompt engineering techniques. Finally, the competition's results are discussed to provide valuable insights for future studies and competitions. IEEE

关键词： Birds

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