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Facial expression synthesis based on emotion dimensions for affective talking avatar

Smart Innovation, systems and Technologies 2010年第1期2010卷 109-132页

作者： Zhang, Shen Wu, Zhiyong Meng, Helen M. Cai, Lianhong Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of Education Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua-CUHK Joint Research Center for Media Sciences Technologies and Systems Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong HKSAR Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9783642126031

Facial expression is one of the most expressive ways for human beings to deliver their emotion, intention, and other nonverbal messages in face to face communications. In this chapter, a layered parametric framework is proposed to synthesize the emotional facial expressions for an MPEG4 compliant talking avatar based on the three dimensional PAD model, including pleasure-displeasure, arousal-nonarousal and dominance-submissiveness. The PAD dimensions are used to capture the high-level emotional state of talking avatar with specific facial expression. A set of partial expression parameter (PEP) is designed to depict the expressive facial motion patterns in local face areas, and reduce the complexity of directly manipulation of low-level MPEG4 facial animation parameters (FAP). The relationship among the emotion (PAD), expression (PEP) and animation (FAP) parameter is analyzed on a virtual facial expression database. Two levels of parameter mapping are implemented, namely the emotion-expression mapping from PAD to PEP, and the linear interpolation from PEP to FAP. The synthetic emotional facial expression is combined with the talking avatar speech animation in a text to audio visual speech system. Perceptual evaluation shows that our approach can generate appropriate facial expressions for subtle and complex emotions defined by PAD and thus enhance the emotional expressivity of talking avatar. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.

关键词： Mapping

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Multimedia supplementation to a cooking recipe text for facilitating its understanding to inexperienced users

Multimedia supplementation to a cooking recipe text for faci...

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IEEE Internaitonal Conference on Multimedia Information Processing and Retrieval

作者： Ide, Ichiro Shidochi, Yuka Nakamura, Yuichi Deguchi, Daisuke Takahash, Tomokazu Murase, Hiroshi Graduate School of Information Science Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8601 Japan Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam Netherlands National Institute of Informatics Research Organization of Information and Systems 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8430 Japan Toyota Motor Corp. Japan Academic Center for Computing and Media Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida-Honmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Department of Economics and Information Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University 1-38 Naka-Uzura Gifu 500-8288 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542171

Assisting culinary activities for inexperienced users has been considered as an important task in most existing works in the field. On the other hand, recipe texts are becoming available on the Internet in increasing numbers. However, they tend to be written simply by mostly non-professional people, and thus are sometimes difficult for an inexperienced person to follow the steps and manage to cook as they are supposed to. In this paper, we propose a method that detects difficult descriptions for an inexperienced user in an existing text recipe, and supplements them with multimedia contents including text information extracted from a large number of recipes, and also images and video clips on certain kinds of cooking operations, to facilitate the understanding of the recipe. Experimental results showed promising ability of the proposed method to assist inexperienced users understand the descriptions in a recipe. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Cooking

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Performance evaluation of multithreaded sparse matrix-vector multiplication using openmp

Performance evaluation of multithreaded sparse matrix-vector...

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11th IEEE International Conference on High Performance computing and Communications, HPCC 2009

作者： Liu, Shengfei Zhang, Unquan Sun, Xiangzheng Qiu, Rongrong Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537382

Sparse matrix-vector multiplication is an important computational kernel in scientific applications. However, it performs poorly on modern processors because of a low compute-to-memory ratio and its irregular memory access patterns. This paper discusses the implementations of sparse matrix-vector algorithm using OpenMP to execute iterative methods on the Dawning S4800A1. Two storage formats (CSR and BCSR) for sparse matrices and three scheduling schemes (static, dynamic and guided) provided by the standard OpenMP are evaluated. We also compared these three schemes with non-zero scheduling, where each thread is assigned approximately the same number of non-zero elements. Experimental data shows that, the non-zero scheduling can provide the best performance in most cases. The current implementation provides satisfactory scalability for most of matrices. However, we only get a limited speedup for some large matrices that contain millions of non-zero elements. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling

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Learning styles and cognitive traits - Their relationship and its benefits in web-based educational systems

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Computers in Human Behavior 2009年第6期25卷 1280-1289页

作者： Graf, Sabine Liu, Tzu-Chien Kinshuk Chen, Nian-Shing Yang, Stephen J.H. School of Computing and Information Systems Athabasca University Canada Graduate Institute of Learning and Instruction National Central University Jhongli Taiwan Department of Information Management National Sun Yat-sen University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Jhongli Taiwan

Different learners have different needs;they differ, for example, in their learning goals, their prior knowledge, their learning styles, and their cognitive abilities. Adaptive web-based educational systems aim to cater individual learners by customizing courses to suit their needs. In this paper, we investigate the benefits of incorporating learning styles and cognitive traits in web-based educational systems. Adaptivity aspects based on cognitive traits and learning styles enrich each other, enabling systems to provide learners with courses which fit their needs more accurately. Furthermore, consideration of learning styles and cognitive traits can contribute to more accurate student modelling. In this paper, the relationship between learning styles, in particular the Felder-Silverman learning style model (FSLSM), and working memory capacity, a cognitive trait, is investigated. For adaptive educational systems that consider either only learning styles or only cognitive traits, the additional information can be used to provide more holistic adaptivity. For systems that already incorporate both learning styles and cognitive traits, the relationship can be used to improve the detection process of both by including the additional information of learning style into the detection process of cognitive traits and vice versa. This leads to a more reliable student model. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Websites

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Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

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ICCAS-SICE 2009 - ICROS-SICE International Joint Conference 2009

作者： Kojima, C. Rapisarda, P. Takaba, K. Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology University of Tokyo Japan Information: Signals Images Systems Group School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton United Kingdom Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784907764296

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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Supporting the software process improvement in very small entities through e-learning: The HEPALE! Project

Supporting the software process improvement in very small en...

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10th Mexican International Conference on Computer Science, ENC 2009

作者： Mendoza, Ricardo Cruz Trujillo, Miguel Morales Morgado C., Mauricio Oktaba, Hanna Ibargüengoitia, Guadalupe E. Pino, Francisco J. Piattini, Mario Graduate Science and Engineering Computing UNAM Mexico City Mexico IDIS Research Group Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering Faculty University of Cauca Popayan Colombia Alarcos Research Group Institute of Information Technologies and Systems University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538822

Recurring problems in the application of a new software process improvement model have to do with the lack of knowledge about how it works, its dissemination and the tools available, making it difficult to acquire the model and then understand it. Nowadays, e-learning systems could help Very Small Software Entities (VSEs), to get to know and understand software models and their peculiarities. To address this issue, this paper focuses on the development of a tool based on e-learning standards;it is called the HEPALE! Project. This project is composed of three steps. First, the creation of a deployment package set, in line with ISO/IEC PDTR 29110-5-1 Software Engineering-Lifecycle Profiles for VSEs, for implementing software process improvement models, as well for making them easier to use. Secondly, the creation of a repository that supports changes in the deployment packages, based on e-learning standards and tools, to create, represent, interact with and manipulate learning objects and e-learning. Finally, the last part aims to spread the software development models COMPETISOFT and ISO / IEC 29110-5-1, the application of technologies that make use of e-learning. All this is done to aid VSEs in bringing best practices into their software production. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： E-learning

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Evaluation of a Framework for Dynamic Source Selection in Stream Processing

Evaluation of a Framework for Dynamic Source Selection in St...

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International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive systems, CISIS

作者： Kosuke Ohki Yousuke Watanabe Hiroyuki Kitagawa Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Japan Global Scientific Information and Computing Center Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435692

The volume of stream data delivered from different information sources is increasing. There are a variety of demands to utilize such stream data for applications. Stream processing systems can continuously process stream data according to user requests. In conventional frameworks,the user must explicitly specify information sources in advance, and the user cannot change information sources during query processing. However, there are many cases in which target information sources the user is most interested in change over time. We therefore need an additional framework to deal with changes of the target information sources in the same query. We propose dynamic source selection. Our proposal consists of two functions: The first is a new operator to switch information sources dynamically. The second is connection management to reduce connections to unnecessary information sources. We have implemented the proposed framework in a stream processing system and have evaluated the efficiency of our proposed method in stream data simulator.

关键词： Streaming media Query processing Switches Target tracking Cameras Data engineering systems engineering and theory Competitive intelligence Software systems Proposals

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Aspects of GPU for general purpose high performance computing

Aspects of GPU for general purpose high performance computin...

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Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference

作者： Reiji Suda Takayuki Aoki Shoichi Hirasawa Akira Nukada Hiroki Honda Satoshi Matsuoka Graduate School of Information Science and Technology University of Tokyo Japan Global Scientific Information and Computing Center Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan Graduate School of Information Systems University of Electro-Communications Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424427482

We discuss hardware and software aspects of GPGPU, specifically focusing on NVIDIA cards and CUDA, from the viewpoints of parallel computing. The major weak points of GPU against newest supercomputers are identified to be and summarized as only four points: large SIMD vector length, small memory, absence of fast L2 cache, and high register spill penalty. As software concerns, we derive optimal scheduling algorithm for latency hiding of host-device data transfer, and discuss SPMD parallelism on GPUs.

关键词： High performance computing Concurrent computing Hardware Computational fluid dynamics Information systems Software performance Parallel processing Supercomputers Software algorithms Delay

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Treatment of chronic tinnitus with robot-assisted TMS

Treatment of chronic tinnitus with robot-assisted TMS

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39th Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Informatik e.V. (GI): Im Focus das Leben, INFORMATIK 2009 39th Annual Meeting of the German Informatics Society (GI): Focus on Life, INFORMATIK 2009

作者： Richter, Lars Matthäus, Lars Trillenberg, Peter Diekmann, Claudia Rasche, Dirk Schweikard, Achim Institute for Robotics and Cognitive Systems University of Lübeck 23538 Lübeck Germany Graduate School for Computing in Medicine and Life Sciences University of Lübeck 23538 Lübeck Germany Department of Neurology University of Lübeck 23538 Lübeck Germany Department of Neurosurgery University of Lübeck 23538 Lübeck Germany

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Development of high-sensitivity slip sensor using special characteristics of pressure conductive rubber

Development of high-sensitivity slip sensor using special ch...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Seiichi Teshigawara Kenjiro Tadakuma Aiguo Ming Masatoshi Ishikawa Makoto Shimojo Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems University of Electro-Communications Chofu Japan Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo Japan

Even with the eyes closed, humans are able to grip an object with minimal force without such information as the coefficient of friction or the weight. Tactile sensors capable of detecting slippage are necessary for this gripping action to be realized in a robot hand. Heretofore, many slip sensors were developed and produced, but there was not a slip sensor of simple structure practical for installation on fingertips of a robot hand. Therefore, we propose a low-profile/lightweight slip sensor of simple structure. The special properties of pressure conductive rubber are utilized as a detection device in this sensor. In this paper, we discuss the results of trial manufacture and of slip detection property testing of this sensor. Moreover, we will report the results of slip prevention experiments by this prototype slip sensor, and indicate that the pressure conductive rubber is promising as a material of slip sensor.

关键词： Sensor phenomena and characterization Rubber Robot sensing systems Eyes Humans Force sensors Friction Tactile sensors Pulp manufacturing Testing

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