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LESSONS LEARNED IN DEVELOPMENTAL TESTING IN FLEET

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1978年第2期90卷 112-118页

作者： EDMONDO, PM MCCAMMON, PL Mr. Peter M. Edmondois presently Senior Human Factors Analyst for Sperry Systems Management. He was an Engineering Psychologist in the Shipboard Manning and Automation Program at the David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center during the period addressed in the paper. His major responsibility was that of Operations Trials Director for the Integrated Bridge System. Previous employment has been with the Department of Psychology Naval Medical Research Institute (1963–1965) and as Senior Project Scientist in the Human Engineering and Systems Effectiveness Branch. DTNSRDC (1962–1972). Mr. Edmondo who has a Bachelor of Arts degree from Boston College Chestnut Hill Mass. is a member of the Human Factors Society and a member of ASNE since 1969. USN Cdr. Peter L. McCammon USNreceived his BS degree from the U. S. Naval Academy in 1962 his BSEE degree from the Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif and his MS degree from The Johns Hopkins University. He also graduated from the Naval War College with high distinction upon completion of the Naval Command Course and is currently serving as the Executive Officer USS Dale (CG—19). Prior to his present assignment he served as Engineer Officer USS Wallace L. Lind (DD—703) and USS Biddle (CG—34) and as Commanding Officer USS Graham County (AGP—1176) with additional duties as Commander Patrol Division 21 consisting of the Graham County and four patrol combatants (missiles). His significant shore assignments have included duty as an Instructor U. S. Naval Academy as Staff member U. S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam and as Project Officer Shipboard Manning and Automation Program DTNSRDC. Cdr. McCammon's military decorations include the Bronze Star Medal the Joint Service Commendation Medal and the Navy Commendation Medal.

Developmental tests have been conducted in the Fleet to demonstrate concepts for reducing man—hoars required to perform certain shipboard functions while maintaining or improving effectiveness. Experiences during the Preparation, Conduct, and Reporting of the tests are described including the CNO Pilot program for Reduced Bridge Manning; Integrated Bridge System (IBS); Facilities Maintenance (housekeeping); Wireless Communications During Damage Control Evolutions; and the Ship Contrblman. Areas discussed include system design and interface requirements; elements that go into tests designed for shipboard evaluation; approval requirements to conduct such tests; how to get Fleet Support in terms of personnel and assets; logistics and training requirements; and finally, what Fleet testing buys that other means do not.

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CARRIER COMBAT ENDURANCE AND REPLENISHMENT REQUIREMENTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1977年第1期89卷 39-46页

作者： SMITH, CR FOSTER, RE USN Capt. Charles R. Smith Jr. USN:graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1949. He completed his flight training in 1951 and first served in Composite Squadron 33 on board Atlantic and Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers until 1954. He then attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Aeronautical Engineering and was awarded his Masters degree in SM Aero-Weapons Systems by Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1957 at which time he was ordered to Heavy Attack Squadron ONE embarked in Atlantic ‘Fleet aircraft carriers. He graduated from the Naval War College Command and Staff Course in 1961 and subsequently sensed on the Staff U.S. Naval Safety Center arid was Operations Officer. Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of Heavy Attack Squadron SIX and Reconnaissance Attack Squadron THREE. From 1968 until 1970 he was Executive Officer of the USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) when the ship was commissioned and first deployed followed by duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNA V) where he served under the Director of Fleet Operations until 1971. Capt. Smith commanded the Fast Combat Support Ship USS Detroit (AOE-4) during her first deployment was Commanding Officer. USS Independence (CV-62): and later returned to OPNAV where he was the Deputy Director of the Aircraft Carrier Programs an assignment which he held until August 1976 when he assumed his present duties as Chief Navy Section MAAG. Greece. Capt. Richard E. Foster USN (Ret.):has been affiliated with Wheeler Industries. Inc. us Program Manager since 1968 when he retired from the U.S. Navy. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy with the Class of 1941 and later attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Engineering Design. He served at sea as Electrical Officer in the USS Pennsylvania and as Engineer Officer in the USS Indiana and the aircraft carrier USS Wright. His three tours of duty in the Bureau of Ships included the Interior Communication and Fire Control Branch the Machinery Design Division and as Administrative Assistant

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BARGESHIPS IN A SEAWAY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1977年第6期89卷 63-66页

作者： SHUMAKER, GL The author graduated from Auburn University in 1939 with a BS degree in Electrical Engineering and was a Distinguished Military Graduate. He then completed the General Electric Test Engineer Program and entered military service in 1941 with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers participating in the assault waves at Arzew North Africa Gela Sicily Salerno Italy and Utah Beach Normandy. He was awarded the Silver Star Medal the Purple Heart and a battlefield promotion at Salerno. From 1943 until 1950 he was in civilian life with Proctor and Gamble as an Engineering Supervisor and as owner of his own construction company. He returned to service in 1950 and served in various capacities in the United States Korea Japan Germany and the Dominican Republic. He received the Bronze Star Medal and three awards of the Army Commendation Medal before retiring in 1967 and commencing 10 years of Civil Service work at the Naval Coastal Systems Laboratory in the Marine Corps/Amphibious Warfare Division. He has an MS degree in Engineering from the University of Wisconsin and is also a graduate of the Command and General Staff College and the Industrial College of the Armed Forces.

This paper coven the Naval Coastal System Laboratory's efforts under Naval Sea systems Command sponsorship to determine whether the LASH and SEABEE Bargeships can be used in a resupply role for amphibious operations where there are no ports or protected waters. There are three questions involved. Can these ships unload barges in unprotected waters and what sea states are achievable? What are the barge handling problems? How can the barges be unloaded? The second question of handling barges constats of two parts: a) handling the barges at the stem of the Bargeship for both loading and unloading, and b) moving them from the ship to a marshalling or storage area from which they are taken to the unloading point. This paper covers the capabilities of the LASH ship type to unload or load barges in significant wave heights up to 8 feet, and the Tug and Deckhand operations to and from the stem of the Bargeship.

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SWATH—THE VSTOL AIRCRAFT CARRIER FOR THE POST‐1990's

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Naval Engineers Journal 1977年第1期89卷 47-54页

作者： CHILDERS, RADM.K.C. GLOECKLER, FREDERICK M. STEVENS, ROBERT M. USN (RET.) RAdm. K.C. Childers USN (Ret.):graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1939. and later completed his graduate studies at California Institute of Technology from which he received his MS and AE degrees. He was a fighter pilot in the aircraft carriers USS Ranger and USS Essex during World War II and an instructor at the Guided Missile School. Ft. Bliss Texas from 1947 until 1949 at which time he came to Washington. D.C. as an Assistant Division Director Ships Installation Division Bureau of Aeronautics. In addition his active duty career included assignments as Naval Air Systems Command Representative Atlantic Assistant Commander for Material Acquisition Naval Air Systems Command and Deputy Project Manager for the FlllB/Phoenix Program. Bureau of Naval Weapons. During the first five years of the Polaris Program he was responsible for all testing at the Atlantic Missile Range. He also served as Commander of the Naval Missile Center where he directed the test and evaluation of Airborne Weapon Systems and had been on an earlier assignment the Missile Test Officer. His military decorations include the Silver Star the Legion of Merit two Air Medals the Navy Commendation Medal and a Presidential Unit Citation. Currently he is employed as the Manager of the Analysis and Evaluation Department at CERBERONICS. Inc. Falls Church. Va. Mr. Frederick M. Gloeckler: currently a Consultant to CERBERONICS Inc. graduated from New York University from which he received his BS degree. He began his career with the Department of the Navy in 1938. and culminated it with his retirement in 1972 at which time he was engaged in VSTOL aircraft analysis and was the Director Advanced Systems Division Naval Air Systems Command (and its predecessor organizations). During this period he made major contributions to the Fleet Ballistic Missile Program the F-14 A-7 and S-3 Aircraft Programs and the Phoenix Condor and Harpoon Missile Programs. In 1951 Mr. Gloeckler organized‘ and directed the Systems Engineering Divis

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COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF OCEANS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1976年第1期88卷 21-26页

作者： SONENSHEIN, N USN (RET.) The Author graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in the Class of 1938. His work has included instruction in Naval Construction and Marine Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology which lead to his MS degree in 1944 and in the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Graduate School in 1964. As an Engineering Duty Officer (ED) he has served in various Navy commands including Mare Island and New York Naval Shipyards USS Philippine Sea (CVA-47) during the Korean conflict as Chief Engineer and on the Staffs of both the Commander-in-Chief and the Commander Service Force U.S. Pacific Fleet as Fleet and Force Maintenance Officer. Within the Naval Ship Systems Command and its predecessor Bureau of Ships his duties included those of Director Facilities Division Head Hull Design Branch Director Ship Design Division Assistant Chief for Design Shipbuilding and Fleet Maintenance and from 1969 to 1972 as Commander Naval Ship Systems Command. Other assignments have included Project Manager for the Navy's Fast Deployment Logistic Ship Project from 1965 to 1967 Deputy Chief of Naval Material for Logistic Support from 1967 to 1969 and Chairman Naval Material Command Shipbuilding Council which commenced upon completion of his tour as Commander Naval Ships Systems Command in 1972. On 4 September 1973 he was appointed Director of the Defense Energy Task Group (DETG) and subsequently on 15 November 1973 as Director of Energy for the Department of Defense. Upon his retirement from the naval service in November 1974 he became Assistant to the President Global Marine Development Inc. based in Newport Beach Calif. A former President of ASNE from 1970 to 1971 he is currently the Vice-President of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. In addition he is a member of the honorary engineering society Sigma Xi and listed among those named in “Who's Who in America.”

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THE ARCTIC SURFACE EFFECT VEHICLE program

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Naval Engineers Journal 1976年第2期88卷 70-83页

作者： KORDENBROCK, JAMES U. HARRY, CHARLES W. Mr. James U. Kor'denbrock:graduated from the University of Cincinnati in 1942 with a BS degree in Aeronautical Engineering. Prior to his current employment his career was in private industry in the aerospace and the aircushion vehicle fields. With industry he was the Technical Director of the SKMR-1 Test Program and was later involved in the Army and Navy SK-5 Programs as well as the SES 100B test craft. With the Systems Development Department of DWTNSRDC he was the Technical Manager of the ARPA Arctic SEV Program but now he is in the Advanced Concepts Office. In addition to ASNE he is a member of SNAME and AIAA and is a registered professional engineer in the State of Ohio. Mr. Charles W. Harry:graduated from the University of Virginia in 1957 with an aeronautical option to his Mechanical Engineers degree. He has since been an employee of the David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DWTNSRDC). Following wind-tunnel research on several V/STOL aircraft he participated in aerodynamic research on surface effect phenomena for both aircushion and wing-in-ground-effect vehicles. He served as Project Engineer and Test Pilot for the XR-3 one of the first U.S. aircushion vehicles with non-flexible sidehulls. He participated in establishing and managing the research and development of the aero-hydro technology for the then Joint Surface Effect Ship Program Office. More recently he was the Manager Technology Development for the Arctic SEV Program and is presently a member of the Advanced Concepts Office of the System Development Department at the DWTNSRDC.

The potential of the Surface Effect Vehicle (SEV) for operating in the Arctic was investigated. Investigation and development of the technology, for vehicle systems was undertaken as well as definition of the unusual and severe environmental conditions encountered. Photographic and laser data were taken and summarized to establish the surface characteristics of the sea ice in the Arctic Ocean as well as topographic features of coastal and land areas. First‐hand experience was gained in the Arctic during a six‐month test program with an SK‐S SEV at Barrow, Alaska. Designs for SEV's up to 1,000‐tons gross weight with speed capabilities up to 120 knots were prepared. Numerous skirt designs were tested over simulated terrain to establish feasibility of skirts higher than those currently in use. The prediction of the dynamic response of SEV's operating at high speeds over ice and other rough terrain required analytical programs different from those used for operations over water. The detection of ice ridges and estimation of their height is required for high speed operation, and a system utilizing a 95GHz radar was designed and tested. Specific designs of 150‐ton and 500‐ton vehicles were developed to establish their feasibility for conducting long‐range Arctic missions. © 1976 American Society of Naval Engineers

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THE UNITED STATES NAVY'S “DESIGN WORK STUDY” APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHIPBOARD CONTROL systems

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Naval Engineers Journal 1976年第6期88卷 62-74页

作者： PLATO, ARTIS I. GAMBREL, WILLIAM DAVID Artis I. Plato:is Head of the Design Work Study/ Shipboard Manning/Human Factors Engineering Section Systems Engineering and Analysis Branch Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC). He graduated from the City College of New York in 1956 receiving his Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering degree. Following this he started work at the New York Naval Shipyard in the Internal Combustion Engine and Cargo Elevator Section. During 1957 and 1958 he was called up for active duty with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and served in Europe with a Construction Engineer Battalion. After release from active duty he returned to the shipyard where he remained until 1961 when he transferred to the Naval Supply Research and Development Facility Bayonne New Jersey. Initially he was in charge of an Engineering Support Test Group and the drafting services for the whole Facility. Later he became a Project Engineer in the Food Services Facilities Branch with duties that included planning and designing new afloat and ashore messing facilities for the Navy. In 1966 he transferred to NAVSEC as a Project Engineer in the Design Work Study Section and in this capacity worked on selected projects and manning problems for new construction and also developed a computer program (Manpower Determination Model) that makes accurate crew predictions for feasibility studies. In 1969 he became Head of the Section. He has been active in the U.S. Army Reserve since his release from active duty and his duties have included command of an Engineer Company various Staff positions and his present assignment as Operations Officer for a Civil Affairs Group. He has completed the U. S. A rmy Corps of Engineers Career Course and the Civil Affairs Career Course and is presently enrolled in the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College non-resident course. Additionally he completed graduate studies at American University Washington D.C in 1972 receiving his MSTM degree in Technology of Management and is a member of ASE ASME CAA U. S. Naval Instit

The purpose of this paper is to discuss a system analysis technique called “Design Work Study”, that is used by the U.S. Navy for the development of improved ship control systems. The Design Work Study approach is one which brings about the most efficient and cost effective man‐machine combination for the ship control functions. Adherence to this process insures that the advantages of automation are balanced against incurred operational and maintenance expense. At present, U.S. Navy doctrine requires that certain ship operating stations, such as steering and propulsion control, be manned at specified ship conditions of readiness. Therefore, if personnel are needed to fulfill these combat environment obligations, excessive automation may only result in unnecessary additional acquisition costs and increased personnel skill requirements. The Design Work Study process can be applied to establish the required fine balance between the degree of built‐in automation and the shipboard manpower levels. In order to explain the techniques that are used for this process, the Authors will present a brief summary of the Design Work Study approach for optimizing shipboard control systems, including an explanation of the formal procedural tools that are applicable. In addition, a practical case study of ship control system design for one of the latest classes of Navy destroyers will be presented. This example will illustrate the resultant savings and benefits that can be realized by a judicious application of this technique. © 1976 American Society of Naval Engineers

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The Navy Standard Hardware program

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Naval Engineers Journal 1974年第5期86卷 79-91页

作者： MERZ, JOHN A. The author graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1955 at which time he received his BS degree in Electrical Engineering. He is presently the Program Manager for Microcircuit Developments and Advanced Modular Concepts at the Naval Electronic Systems Command where previously he had been the Program Manager for the Standard Hardware Program responsible for the overall financial administrative and technical management of the program. He is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers and a registered Professional Engineer in the District of Columbia.

The Standard Hardware program represents the start of an endeavor to standardize the modular building blocks of all Navy solid state electronic systems. When fully expanded, this vital program will lower the cost and increase the availability of electronic systems for the operating forces. The administrative, electrical and mechanical principles of the program are explained. It is shown that forecasting and controlling system costs can be simplified because: 1) the characteristics of the standard modules are known quantities;2) the designs have been tested;3) Vendors have been qualified, and 4) production costs are known and stable. The impact on maintenance and training is discussed as a function of using modules that are inexpensive enough so that they can be economically discarded upon failure. Statistics derived from Fleet operations are shown to illustrate much better than average reliability for the standard modules. © 1974 American Society of Naval Engineers

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THE ENERGY PROBLEM AND DEFENSE

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Naval Engineers Journal 1974年第1期86卷 19-27页

作者： SONENSHEIN, RADM. NATHAN USN The author graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in the Class of 1938. His work has included instruction in Naval Construction and Marine Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology leading to a Master of Science degree in 1944 and the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Graduate School of Business in 1964. As an Engineering Duty Officer (EDO) he has served in various Navy commands including the Mare Island Naval Shipyard the former New York Naval Shipyard the USS Philippine Sea (CVA-47) during the Korean War as Chief Engineer and CINCPACFLT and COMSERVPAC Staffs as Fleet and Force Maintenance Officer. Within the Naval Ship Systems Command and its predecessor BUSHIPS his duties have included Director of the Facilities Division Head of the Hull Design Branch Director of the Ship Design Division Assistant Chief for Design Shipbuilding and Fleet Maintenance and as Commander Naval Ship Systems Command from 1969 until 1972. Other duties have included an assignment as the Project Manager for the Navy's Fast Deployment Logistic Ship Project from 1965 to 1967 Deputy Chief of Naval Material for Logistic Support from 1967 to 1969 and Chairman of the Naval Material Command Shipbuilding Council which commenced upon completion of his tour as Commander NAVSHIPS in 1972. On 4 September 1973 he was appointed Director of the Defense Energy Task Group (DETG) and subsequently on 15 November 1973 as Director of Energy for the Department of Defense. A former President of ASNE from 1970 to 1971 he is currently Vice-President of the American Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. In addition he is a member of the honorary engineering society Sigma Xi and listed among those in Who's Who in America.

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LUNCHEON ADDRESS - EFFICIENT MANPOWER UTILIZATION THROUGH SHIPBOARD AUTOMATION, INTEGRATION AND GOOD SHIP DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1974年第1期86卷 61-64页

作者： PRICE, FH USN Vice Admiral Frank H. Price Jr. USN Director of the Ship Acquisition & Improvement Division Office of the Chief of Naval Operations was graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1941. Following this he had various duty assignments in theUSS Walke (DD416)andUSS O'Brien (DD415) instruction at the Naval Gun Factory Washington D.C. and a tour inUSS Shubrick (DD639)before taking the Ordnance Engineering (General) Course at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in Annapolis Md. Completing this in 1946 he reported to theUSS Missouri (BB63)for gunnery duties remaining there until coming to the Bureau of Ordnance Research & Development Division in 1949. Subsequently he commanded theUSS Beale (DD471)returning to the Naval Gun Factory as Assistant Inspection Officer and Comptroller from 1954 to 1956 followed by instruction at the National War College. From it he was sent to Spain in 1957 to the Military Assistance Advisory Group as Asst. Chief of the Naval Section staying until he became Commander Destroyer Division 362 in 1959 and then one year later Chief of Staff Carrier Division 18. He was next the Head Underseas Warfare Division for the Commander Operational Test & Evaluation Force from 1961 until 1962. Completing instruction in Germantown Md. at the Atomic Energy Commission he commandedUSS Long Beach (CGN9) Navy's first nuclear powered surface ship from 1963 to 1966. Next came duty in the Naval Material and Naval Ordnance Systems Commands until 1968 at which time he became the Commander Cruiser Destroyer Flotilla Eight. He returned to Washington in 1969 to become the Vice Commander of the Naval Ordnance Systems Command but in 1970 was reassigned becoming Director Ships Characteristics Division & Chairman of the Ships Characteristics Board with additional duties as Program Coordinator New Construction Program. Later in that year his title was changed and he accepted his present Division duties in OPNAV in addition to those of Chairmanship of the Ship Acquisition and Improvement Council. His m

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