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DATA MULTIPLEX SYSTEM (DMS) - ASPECTS OF FLEET INTRODUCTION

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第6期100卷 41-47页

作者： BLACKWELL, LM Luther M. Blackwell:is presently the Data Multiplex System (DMS) program manager in the Bridge Control Monitoring and Information Transfer Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea). He graduated from the University of Maryland in 1964 receiving his BS degree in electrical engineering. After graduating he was employed in the Bureau of Ships where he held project engineering assignments on various ships entertainment magnetic tape recording fiber optics computer mass memory and information transfer systems. He has also pursued graduate studies in engineering management at The George Washington University.

The Data Multiplex System (DMS) is a general-purpose information transfer system directed toward fulfilling the internal data intercommunication requirements of a variety of naval combatant ships and submarines in the 1990–2000 time frame. The need for a modern data transfer system of the size and capability of DMS has increased as various digital control systems throughout naval ships have adopted distributed processing architectures and reconfigurable control consoles, and as the quantity of remotely sensed and controlled equipment throughout the ship has increased manyfold over what it was in past designs. Instead of miles of unique cabling that must be specifically designed for each ship, DMS will meet information transfer needs with general-purpose multiplex cable that will be installed according to a standard plan that does not vary with changes to the ship's electronics suite. Perhaps the greatest impact of DMS will be the decoupling of ship subsystems from each other and from the ship. Standard multiplex interfaces will avoid the cost and delay of modifying subsystems to make them compatible. The ability to wire a new ship according to a standard multiplex cable plan, long before the ship subsystems are fully defined, will free both the ship and the subsystems to develop at their own pace, will allow compression of the development schedules, and will provide ships with more advanced subsystems. This paper describes the DMS system as it is currently being introduced into the fleet by the U.S. Navy. The results of its design and implementation in the DDG-51 and LHD-1 class ships are also presented.

关键词： Multiplexing Equipment

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HYDROCARBON VAPOR DIFFUSION IN INTACT CORE SLEEVES

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第1期13卷 139-150页

作者： OSTENDORF, DW MOYER, EE XIE, YF RAJAN, RV David W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Ostendorf is a Registered Professional Engineer in Massachusetts and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Ground Water Association. Ellen E. Moyer (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a doctoral candidate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst with an M.S. degree in environmental engineering from that institution. Her research interests include subsurface investigation soil venting bioremediation and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. She has six years of professional experience managing hazardous waste site investigation and cleanup projects and is a member of the National Ground Water Association and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Yuefeng Xie (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a postdoctoral research associate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include environmental analyses drinking water treatment and the chemical characterization and removal of disinfection by-products. A graduate with a Ph.D. and an M.S. in environmental engineering and a B.S. in chemistry and chemical engineeering from Tsinghua University Beijing China Xie is a member of the American Water Works Association and the Water Poll

The diffusion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane (TMH) vapors out of residually contaminated sandy soil from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field research site at Traverse City, Michigan, was measured and modeled. The headspace of an intact core sleeve sample was swept with nitrogen gas to simulate the diffusive release of hydrocarbon vapors from residual aviation gasoline in and immediately above the capillary fringe to a soil-venting air flow in the unsaturated zone. The resulting steady-state profile was modeled using existing diffusivity and air porosity estimates in a balance of diffusive flux and a first order source term. The source strength, which was calibrated with the observed flux of 2,2,4-TMP leaving the sleeve, varied with the residual gasoline remaining in the core, but was independent of the headspace sweep flow rate. This finding suggested that lower soil-venting air flow rates were in principle as effective as higher air flow rates in venting LNAPL vapors from contaminated soils. The saturated vapor concentration ratio of 2,2,4-TMP to 2,2,5-TMH decreased from 6.6 to 3.5 over the duration of the experiments in an expression of distillation effects. The vertical profile model was tested against sample port data in four separate experiments for both species, yielding mean errors ranging from 0 to -24 percent in magnitude.

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR PACIFIC FLEET FF-1052 CLASS SHIPS TO SAVE ENERGY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 315-321页

作者： PEHLIVAN, H KENYON, CW Hasan Pehlivan:received his BS in marine engineering from the Merchant Marine Academy (Turkey) in 1971 and his MS degree from Old Dominion University (Norfolk) in 1975. He was employed by D.B. Cargo Line (Turkey) as an engineering officer on ocean-going cargo vessels from 1971 to 1973. After receiving his masters degree in power engineering in 1975 he was employed by J.J. Henry Co. Inc. in Washington DC where he was involved in supporting the DTNSRDC Shipboard Energy Conservation Program which included the development of the steam system simulation (STMSYS) heat balance computer program for FF-1052/1078 class frigates. In addition he was cognizant engineer for various fluid systems designs for PCG and CSGN. In 1978 he joined M. Rosenblatt & Sons Inc. where he was cognizant engineer for various fluid systems designs for CVV DDG-51 and ARS-50. He was also leading engineer in support of DTNSRDC for the development of innovative machinery options for the baseline DD-963. In 1980 he joined NKF Engineering Inc. where he directs and performs DTNSRDC ship energy conservation analyses for frigates cruisers destroyers and aircraft carriers. He has been assisting the NAVSEA energy office in directing and performing Ship Energy Conservation Assist Team (SECAT) surveys aboard Navy ships since 1982. Mr. Pehlivan is currently manager of ship auxiliary systems in charge of the design and development of fluid systems pollution abatement distilling plants etc. He is a member of ASNE. Clarence W. Kenyon:graduated from the State University of New York Maritime College in 1960 and sailed on a third assistant engineer's license with Isbrandtsen Steamship Company before accepting an engineering position with the Long Beach Naval Shipyard in 1961 where he worked in the Steam Propulsion and Auxiliaries Section and the Mechanical and Hydraulic Section. He also taught a course in engineering fundamentals to engineering technicians in the evenings. In 1963 he accepted a position with the Space Division of North American Avia

The shipboard energy conservation assist team (SECAT) program was introduced to the US Pacific Surface Fleet (SURFPAC) in 1983 following one year testing in the US Atlantic Surface Fleet (SURFLANT). Experiences aboard SURFLANT ships had provided the basis for improvements which could also be applied to SURFPAC ships. Chief among these improvements were simple fuel measurement, fuel curve development methods, an energy survey checklist, and an equipment status board which identifies economic machinery alignments. The first SURFPAC ship to receive a SECAT visit was a FF-1052 class ship. Fuel consumption was significantly higher on this ship than the six FF-1052/1078 class SURFLANT ships previously visited. SECAT immediately looked for reasons for this increase in fuel consumption. Three significant changes received by this ship and not received by the six SURFLANT ships were identified. They were a new design economizer, Navjet vice Wallsend burners, and removal of overload control valves on the forced draft blowers. Another SURFPAC frigate with the same three changes was visited to validate the results obtained from the first ship. This paper discusses recent improvements to the SECAT program. It also examines the differences in fuel consumption observed between SURFLANT and SURFPAC FF-1052/1078 class ships. The economics of potential solutions to the higher fuel consumption problem aboard SURFPAC ships is analyzed with special emphasis on alternative burner designs and forced draft blower changes. Recommendations are made to reduce fuel consumption both by equipment changes and expanded energy initiatives.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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Operationally oriented vulnerability requirements in the ship design process

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第1期110卷 19-34页

作者： Reese, RM Calvano, CN Hopkins, TM Dr. Ronald M. Reese has headed the Live Fire Test and Evaluation Sea Systems Team in the Operational Evaluation Division (OED) of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) for the past 7 years. From 1980 to 1990 he worked at NKF Engineering Inc. in various areas of ship survivability and ship design specializing in ship signature reduction. From 1960 to 1980 he served in the U.S. Navy as a surface line officer and in various capacities as an Engineering Duty Officel including Naval Ship Engineering Center Ship Design Manager for PHM and Continuing CV Conceptual Design NAVSEA PMS 378 Program Manager/SUPSHIP Newport News Project Officerf or VIRGINIA (CCN 38) Class construction and Force Maintenance Officel Commander Naval Surface Force U S. Atlantic Fleet. He retired from the Nay in 1980 with the rank of Commander Dr Reese graduated from the U. S. Naval Academy and holds the degrees of Master of Science (Mechanical Engineering) Naval Engineel: and Doctor of Philosophy from M.I. 7: He is a member ofASNE SNAME and Tau Beta Pi.

For the first time in a top-level requirements document-the Land Attack Destroyer (DD 21) Operational Requirements Document (ORD)-the U.S. Navy has implemented performance requirements that relate ship vulnerability to threat weapon types and the level of mission capability remaining after a ship is hit. The Navy's Ship Operational Characteristics Study recommended an operational survivability standard of this type in 1988. It is needed to define clearly to the designer the levels of operational capability that must remain after a ship is hit, and to let decision makers know what to expect from ships they are buying. It also is needed to provide a benchmark against which the results of Live Fire Test and Evaluation (LFT&E) can be compared. This paper discusses various approaches for formulating operationally oriented vulnerability requirements (OOVRs), a way to balance OOVRs with susceptibility requirements, and how OOVRs can be implemented at the ship design level. The paper also discusses possible concerns associated with implementing OOVRs, and how they can be resolved. It recommends that OOVRs be implemented for each new U.S. Navy combatant ship acquisition program, including submarines.

关键词： Warships

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Blackwater and Graywater on US navy ships: Technical challenges and solutions

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 293-306页

作者： Benson, J Caplan, I Jacobs, R John Benson:received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering and MS degree in Environmental Engineering from the University of Maryland. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Maryland. He Joined the Naval Sufrace Warfare Center Carderock Division Environmental Quality Department in 1990 as a project engineer and is now managing the non-oily wastewater (graywater and blackwater) project area. Mr. Ivan Caplan:graduated from Drexel University (Philadelphia Pennsylvania) with a BS in Metallurgical Engineering and was awarded a MS degree from the Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore Maryland) in Mechanics and Materials Science. Mr. Caplan has spent most of his career at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) and is currently the Head of the Wastewater Management Branch in the Carderock Division's Environmental Quality Department. Previously Mr. Caplan managed the US Navy's Applied Research Program in Ship & Submarine Materials Technology. In addition Mr. Caplan was manager of the US Navy's Titanium Technology Program Office and during his government career held several external Program Manager positions on at the Naval Sea Systems Command and another at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Rachel Jacobs:received BS degrees in Chemical Engineering and Marine Biology from the University of Maryland College Park. After working for the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC and the Center for Marine Biotechnology in Baltimore MD she joined the staff of the Naval Surface Warfare Center's Environmental Quality Department in 1997. Since thta time Ms. Jacobs has worked in the non-oily wastewater treatment area and her principal responsibility has been to technically supervise the evaluation operation and modification graywater treatment.

In anticipation of more stringent environmental regulations, the increasing costs of waste disposal, and the need for naval combatants to operate unimpeded in littoral waters, the U.S. Navy has identified the need to develop technologies which are appropriate for the control and treatment of blackwater and graywater. This paper will describe the status of development efforts by the Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC) and its supporting contractors, under sponsorship of Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA) and the Office of Naval Research. The challenge was to develop treatment systems that meet Navy shipboard requirements for affordability, compactness, low manning/maintenance, high reliability and safety, and EM, noise, vibration and shock. Membrane ultrafiltration based systems, incorporating aerobic biological pre-treatment and ultraviolet light post treatment disinfection, have ken developed to meet these requirements. Both external and in-tank membrane systems will be described in terms of performance, system operation and space and weight advantages.

关键词： Naval vessels

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The Navy Standard Hardware program

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Naval Engineers Journal 1974年第5期86卷 79-91页

作者： MERZ, JOHN A. The author graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1955 at which time he received his BS degree in Electrical Engineering. He is presently the Program Manager for Microcircuit Developments and Advanced Modular Concepts at the Naval Electronic Systems Command where previously he had been the Program Manager for the Standard Hardware Program responsible for the overall financial administrative and technical management of the program. He is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers and a registered Professional Engineer in the District of Columbia.

The Standard Hardware program represents the start of an endeavor to standardize the modular building blocks of all Navy solid state electronic systems. When fully expanded, this vital program will lower the cost and increase the availability of electronic systems for the operating forces. The administrative, electrical and mechanical principles of the program are explained. It is shown that forecasting and controlling system costs can be simplified because: 1) the characteristics of the standard modules are known quantities;2) the designs have been tested;3) Vendors have been qualified, and 4) production costs are known and stable. The impact on maintenance and training is discussed as a function of using modules that are inexpensive enough so that they can be economically discarded upon failure. Statistics derived from Fleet operations are shown to illustrate much better than average reliability for the standard modules. © 1974 American Society of Naval Engineers

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SHIP SELF-DEFENSE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 208-219页

作者： POLK, J MCCANTS, T GRABAREK, R James Polk:is currently a principal financial and technical advisor for PRC Inc. He is working in support of PEO (TAD) Ship Self-Defense Program in several areas including performance assessment. He retired from the Navy in 1991 after several years at sea and various material command assignment including command of Caron (DD-970) and Aegis technical director. He is an ASNE Member who has an MS in physics from the Naval Postgraduate School. He graduated from the University of Notre Dame with a BS in civil engineering and earned his commission through the NROTC program there. Thomas H. McCants Jr.:is currently a principal system engineer in the ship defense department of the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division. He is supporting the PEO (TAD) in systems engineering and analysis and is supporting the Office of Naval Research in a 6.2 Ship Self-Defense program. He was previously the lead lab program manager for STANDARD Missile led the Aegis Systems Analysis and T&E organization at NSWC was Phalanx CIWS lead lab program manager and was the air target vulnerability program manager at the Center. In 1977–78 Mr. McCants was the NSAP science advisor to COMOPTEVFOR Norfolk. He graduated from VPI&SU with a BS in aerospace engineering and is pursuing a MS in systems engineering from VPI&SU. Robert Grabarek:is currently an electronics engineer in the requirements and analysis branch of the Ship Self-Defense Program Office. He is a 1981 graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and served six years on active duty as a surface warfare officer. He has earned his MA in operations research and industrial engineering from VPI&SU.

Robust ship AAW defense capability is a priority requirement that enables Naval Forces to conduct joint expeditionary force operations in littoral environments. As an aid to achieving this capability for all ship classes, the Navy has reorganized its management of ship defense. A major focus of these efforts is the development of a fully automatic, integrated combat system for non-Aegis ships which is based on coordinated detection, control, and hard kill/electronic warfare (HK/EW) engagement functions. A phased approach to attaining this fully integrated capability has been established which includes major element upgrade introduction when technology and budget permit. This paper describes the ship self-defense performance assessment methodology which has been adopted to support the review and decision process for future planning and budgeting. This process is a continuation and refinement of that used to provide data for the Office of the Secretary of Defense Fall 1991 Conventional systems Committee Ship Self-Defense Review. The performance assessment methodology starts with definition of survivability requirements by ship class, combat system configurations, Anti-Ship Missile threat, and operational scenario. Viable self-defense system element options are then identified. The capability of these options are then characterized for input into ship level performance prediction models. Three partitions of performance prediction modeling are made: hard kill elements only, electronic warfare element only, and integrated HK/EW. The most significant accomplishment of this effort, beyond providing data to support programmatic decision, has been the creation of a truly integrated HK/EW surface ship combat system model that interleaves HK and EW timelines and allows parametric variation to evaluate options. Because of classification, only generic examples of numerical result will be presented. However, the procedures for establishing the modelling process, prioritization of

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IMPROVEMENT OF ALGORITHM USING INTERVAL ANALYSIS FOR SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR CIRCUIT EQUATIONS.

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Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part I: Communications (English translation of Denshi Tsushin Gakkai Ronbunshi) 1987年第9期70卷 1-10页

作者： Okumura, Kohshi Kishima, Akira Saeki, Shuichi Faculty of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan 606 NTT Ltd. Chofu Japan 108 Shuichi Saeki graduated 1983 Dept. Electronic Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed Master's program 1985 Graduate School and affiliated with NTT. Engaged in researches in interval analysis. Akira Kishima graduated 1951 Dept. Electrical Eng. Fac. Eng. Kyoto University. Completed Grad. School 1956. Assoc. Prof and presently Prof. Fac. Eng. (2nd Dept. Electrical Engineering) Kyoto University. Doctor of Engineering. Engaged in researches in electrical circuit power circuit and systems.

This paper describes an improvement of the solution by Krawczyk, Moore and Jones (KMJ algorithm) for nonlinear equations based on the interval analysis. When the KMJ algorithm is applied to practical problems such as the determination of the operating point of a multistable electronic circuit, a large computation time is required. It is shown that the algorithm can be improved in the computation time by a preprocessing and an elaboration in the region partitioning.

关键词： ELECTRIC NETWORKS, NONLINEAR

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STANDARD HARDWARE ACQUISITION AND RELIABILITY program - CONCEPTS, BENEFITS, AND POTENTIAL

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1989年第3期101卷 231-239页

作者： WEAVER, LW The author:is a program manager with Naval Weapons Support Center Crane Indiana. Mr. Weaver graduated from Indiana State University in 1969 where he received a B.S. degree with a mathematics major and a minor in physics. He began his career with the Naval Weapons Support Center in 1969 where he worked as a physicist and as an electronics engineer before entering various management positions. In the past ten years he has provided engineering and technical support to fleet ballistic missile guidance programs and to Navy standard computer and standard signal processor programs. He recently completed an assignment as manager of an electronics systems development division with responsibility for development of electronic control systems for fleet applications using standard electronic modules. Currently he is the program manager for the Standard Hardware Acquisition and Reliability Program (SHARP) managed through the Naval Sea Systems Command Sea-06. He is a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and the Federal Managers Association.

The Standard Hardware Acquisition and Reliability program (SHARP) includes three major categories of hardware standards. They are Standard Electronic Modules (SEM), Standard Power Supplies (SPS), and Standard Electronic Enclosures (SES). SHARP responsibilities include development and testing of these standards and their integration into electronic systems. The purpose of SHARP is to reduce development, production, and logistics support costs of electronic systems; to improve system operational availability; and to shorten the system acquisition cycle. The basic concepts applied towards this purpose are: functional standardization; functional specification; a disciplined quality program; design flexibility; and emphasis on design for maintenance and repair. The paper describes the application of these concepts in the SHARP program and how they result in: — improved performance and supportability; — multisystem application of functional standards: — standard interfaces between system elements; — competitive procurement of hardware; — improved system readiness; — interchangeability of spares; — introduction of new technology into deployed systems; — improved testability; and — reduced cost to the Department of Defense (DoD). SHARP experience and benefits to the user are described, including specific applications of SHARP hardware in DoD systems and examples of multimillion dollar cost savings to these systems. The status of current SHARP initiatives and potential savings through broader application of SHARP in system developments are then discussed.

关键词： Computer Hardware

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Soliton system evaluations using fibers with dispersion and loss fluctuations

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第4期79卷 77-84页

作者： Ishiba, K Komatsu, T Takahara, M Faculty of Engineering Yamanashi University Kofu Japan 400 Graduated in 1994 from the Department of Electronic and Information Engineering where he is currently in the Master's program. He has been engaged in research on optical fiber soliton transmission. Received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in 1993 and 1995 respectively from the Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Yamanashi University. He joined NTT in April 1995. He has been engaged in research on simulation of the optical fiber soliton transmission and on the transmission system with flexibility in transmission speed. Graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering Yamanashi University in 1965 and received his M.S. degree in 1967. He received his Ph.D. degree later. In 1967 he became a Research Associate of the Department of Electronic Engineering Yamanashi University. In 1991 he became a Professor of Electronic and Information Engineering. He has been engaged in research on special function theory nonlinear circuits optical communication systems and LAN systems. In 1984 he received a Book Award from I.E.I.C.E. In 1990–91 he was on leave at Southampton University. He is a member of IEEE.

In the development of practical multimedia systems, greater capacity is desired in a long-distance large-capacity transmission system. A number of studies have been undertaken to develop a long-distance large-capacity system. Several long-distance transmission experiments for high-density transmission by wavelength demultiplexing method (WDM) have been reported recently. However, more of the experimental examples have reported on soliton transmission than on WDM systems. Hence, the former is considered more advanced. It is necessary to prepare a fiber of a length of approximately 10,000 km for ultralong-distance transmission experiment. Since this is difficult to obtain, repetitive experiments are often the case. However, such an experiment does not disclose the effects of dispersion and loss fluctuation in the fiber. In this paper, the effect of fluctuation in dispersion and loss in the fiber is studied by simulation so that the resilience of the soliton to the variations of the fiber characteristics is evaluated.

关键词： optical soliton dispersion fluctuation loss fluctuation Gordon-Haus jitter

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