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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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NEW FUEL FOR NAVAL GAS TURBINE ENGINES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1971年第2期83卷 75-&页

作者： CARLTON, GA G. A. Carlton graduated from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy with a B.S. in Marine Engineering. He has served with American Export Lines as an operating engineer on marine steam propulsion plants. From 1959 until 1962 he worked as a project engineer for the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics. Here he was involved with fluid system design and machinery arrangement for nuclear submarine propulsion plant design and construction. Carlton currently works as a Program Coordinator with the Naval Ship Engineering Center Philadelphia. His responsibilities include gas turbines research development test and evaluation of gas turbine engines and combined power propulsion systems. He has recently been engaged in coordinating the gas turbine testing with Naval Distillate (ND) fuel oil.

This paper discussed the introduction of a new fuel into the Navy, the impact of this new fuel on gas turbine engines and means being taken by the Navy to evaluate this impact. Test methods and techniques for synthesizing some of the fuel characteristics and a comparison of current U.S. Navy fuel oils are presented. Over the past few years, there has been a rising interest in the U. S. Navy toward the use of a single distillate type fuel for use in boilers, diesel engines, and gas turbines. There are several reasons for such interest. The ones most commonly mentioned are the potential for decreased maintenance for boilers and the advantage at reducing the fuel storage and supply system by one fuel, thereby simplifying logistics. The supply system now supports two basic distillates JP-5 and “Navy” diesel. The fuel used for boilers is Navy Special Fuel Oil (NSFO) which is approximately a 40–60 blend of distillate-residual fuel. In going to a single distillate, there are many aspects to be carefully weighed in the cost, availability, and military areas. It is not our intent to go into these areas, but rather to discuss the change only in regard to its impact on the gas turbine engine. The one point with regard to economics we will mention is that the cheaper the distillate fuel we will be able to accomodate without increasing our maintenance in diesel and gas turbine engines, the more attractive it will be.

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COMPARATIVE NAVAL ARCHITECTURE ANALYSIS OF NATO AND SOVIET FRIGATES .2.

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第6期92卷 84-93页

作者： KEHOE, JW GRAHAM, C BROWER, KS MEIER, HA USN Capt. James W. Kehoe Jr. USNreceived his U.S. Navy commission in 1952 after receiving his B.S. degree in Mathematics from Stonehill College in Massachusetts. and subsequently he attended the Sun Diego State College from which he received his M.A. degree in Education. His sea duty assignments have included three Destroyers most recently as Commanding Officer. USS John R. Pierce (DD-743).and three Aircraft Carriers. most recently as Engineer Officer in theUSS Wasp (CVS-18).Ashore he has had duty in the Navy's Nuclear Weapons Program the POLARIS Missile Program and as an Instructor in Project Management. Currently he is the Director Comparative Naval Architecture Program in the Naval Sea Systems Command. Capt. Kehoe has been a member of ASNE since 1974 and has authored two technical papers on U.S. and Soviet ship design practices which were published in theU.S. Naval Institute Proceedingsand theNaval Engineers Journal. Cdr. Clark Graham USNbetter known as “Corky.” graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1964 and subsequently received his Ph. D. degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1969. Currently. he is assigned to the Naval Sea Systems Command as the DDGX Ship Design Manager. Previous to this assignment. he was the NAVSEA Cruiser Project Manager Representative and SUPSHIP Newport News Project Officer for Nuclear Cruisers. He has served in three combatant ships including the Guided Missile CruiserUSS Gridley (CG-21)as Engineer Officer. He has had a tour of duty at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center as a Ship Design Manager and as Director U.S./Soviet Comparative Ship Design Study. During his duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OP-96). he was the Technical Assistant for the Advanced Naval Vehicles Concept Evaluation. In addition. Cdr. Graham has taught Ship Design in the Naval Construction and Engineering Curriculum at MIT. and recently he developed a course in Comparative Naval Ship Design for the MIT Professional Summer Program. He has had over 15 Techn

This paper is a report of a comparative naval architecture analysis of United States, Canadian, French, Netherlands, German, British, and Soviet Frigates. The investigation covered general arrangements, weapons and sensors, survivability, intact and damaged stability, manning and personnel support (all of which me discussed in PART I), and hull form, propulsion, speed range, sea keeping, ship size, and future growth capability (to be published in PART II). Weapons and sensors were only addressed in terms of their impact on the weight and volume of the ship. The actual military effectiveness of each Frigate was not assessed.

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Shipboard controls of the future

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Naval Engineers Journal 1997年第3期109卷 143-153页

作者： Amy Jr., J.V. Doerry, N.H. McCoy, T.J. Zivi, E.L. Udr. John V. Amy Jr.:USN graduated from the United States Naval Academy with a B.S.E.E. degree in 1983 and then served as antisubmarine warfare officer on USS Boone (FFG 28). He then reported to M.I.T where he earned an S. M. E. E. C.S. degree Naval Engineer degree and a Ph.D. in naval electric power systems. An engineering duty oficez he was assistant project officer for aircraft carrier overhaul at Supervisw of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repail: USN Newport Nms Virginia assigned to the refueling complex overhaul of USS Enterprise (CVN 65) and her subsequent post-shakedown avail-ability. Presently he is the deputy program manager for the Integrated Power System (IPS) Program at the Naval Sea systems command. Udr. Norbert H. Doerry USN:graduated from the United States Naval Academy with a B.S.E.E. degree in 1983 and then served as gunnery and fire control officer on USS Deyo (DD 989). He then reported to M.I.T where he earned a S.M.E.E.C.S. degree Naval Engineer degree and a Ph.D. in naval electrical power systems. An engineering duty officer he was assigned to the Advanced Surfme Machinery Programs for the development athe Integrated Power System from 1992 to 1995. Presently he is assistant project officer for aircrafi carrier construction at Supervisor of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repair: USN Newport News Virginia. LCdr. Timothy J. McCoy USN:graduated from the Univer-sity of Illinois with a B.S. degree in marine engineering in 1982. He was cmnmissirmed in 1985 and served as jrst lieuten-ant and communications officer on USS John Young (DD 973). He then was assigned to Supervisor of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repair USN San Diego California as repair ship superin-tendent repair project manager and new construction ship superintendent. Subsequently he attended M.I.T earning a S.M.E.E.C.S. degree Naval Engineer degree and a Ph.D. in naval engineering. Presently he is assigned to Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis Detachment where he works as the technical manager f

Recent advances in computer networking and control system technologies present an opportunity to improve the capability of naval shipboard control systems. Most existing digital machinery control systems merely replace one-for-one their analog predecessors. These recent advances motivate rethinking the basic role and architecture of shipboard controls. Traditional machinery system control has remained largely separate from combat systems and other ship information systems. Existing machinery control systems have concentrated on four functions: machinery status, control, system stability, and fault response. To implement these functions, custom systems have been designed, built and debugged for each class of ship. This lack of commonality has been expensive in terms of development costs, maintenance costs over the lifetime of the ship, and also the unrealized benefits stemming from prohibitive costs of adapting machinery controls to take advantage of emerging technologies. This paper proposes a new paradigm for developing a shipboard control system based upon a functional decomposition of ships' missions that leads to defining technology independent interface standards. Multiple vendors may be able to independently develop control system hardware and software elements adhering to such interface standards without a priori knowledge of a particular ship application, leading to the ability to develop a total ship control system with low risk by integrating proven hardware and software elements to meet specific ship design requirements. With this new concept, other functions not normally associated with machinery controls are feasible: spontaneous reconfiguration after a damage event, integrated training, condition based maintenance planning, data archiving, operator assistance, and configuration management. This new approach may also allow for the integration of machinery controls into a total ship control system with seamless support for combat systems. This new shipbo

关键词： Naval vessels

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systems AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE MONITORING FOR SURFACE SHIPS (SEMMSS) program

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第6期99卷 63-69页

作者： CHAPMAN, CL JOLLEY, R Charles L. Chapman:graduated from the University of Maine with a B.S. degree in engineering physics in 1961. He worked with the General Electric Company from 1961 to 1966 as a field engineer during installation checkout and maintenance of the Talos missile systems. He also became proficient in field engineering support of the Mk 44 and later the Mk 46 torpedo. In 1966 he joined the Naval Underseas Center at Newport RI as a torpedo engineer. In 1967 this functional responsibility was transferred to the newly instituted Naval Ordnance Systems Support Organization Atlantic. After transferring to Naval Sea Support Center Atlantic he became the Torpedo Division head then the ASW Surface Ships' Division head and subsequently was promoted to his present position as SEMMSS program manager Atlantic. He is an extremely active member in ASNÈ receiving the first annual award for the “Top Recruiter.” He is a member of Sigma Pi Sigma the physics honorary society. USN Cdr. Ronald Jolley USN: graduated from Duke University in 1964 with a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering and earned an M.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1974 at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. In his 22 years in the Navy he has served on a number of ships and in ship support assignments. Sea tour assignments included chief engineer electronics material officer and executive officer of a destroyer and main propulsion assistant on an aircraft carrier. His shore assignments included positions as head Tactical Data Systems Division at Commander Operational Test and Evaluation Force executive officer of the Naval Sea Support Center Atlantic SEMMSS project officer Atlantic and currently the staff Commander Naval Forces Korea. Cdr. Jolley is a subspecialist in the material support field both naval engineering and naval electronics. His professional affiliations include membership in Pi Tau Sigma (national honorary mechanical engineering fraternity) since 1963 and Eta Kappa Nu Association (electrical engineering honorary s

The SEMMSS program is a little more than two years old and, like its submarine forerunner Submarine Maintenance Monitoring Support Office (SMMSO), provides many benefits to the fleet support community. Most of these benefits, such as improved readiness, improved repair definition, reduced voyage repairs, and continued technical contact with ships, are of special value. The program, when fully expanded to include combat systems, will provide a methodology for an integrated systems, whole-ship approach to shipboard performance monitoring. This paper presents an overview of the SEMMSS program, addresses implementation of the combat systems portion of the program, and outlines efforts to document program effectiveness.

关键词： WARSHIPS

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CONTROL OF SHIPBOARD WASTES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1971年第3期83卷 118-&页

作者： KINNEY, ET CONSTANT, A Edward T. Kinney a native of Grand Rapids Michigan earned his Bachelor of Science degree with honors in Civil Engineering from Michigan State University in 1952. He began his career with the Bureau of Ships as a Naval Architect in the Hull Design Training Program in September 1952. Kinney has served as a Project Coordinator in the Machinery Systems Division and is currently Head of the Environmental Pollution Control Branch at the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He is a member of several committees including the Department of Defense Environmental Pollution Control Committee and the Interagency Committee on Vessel Pollution Standards. Alexander Constant graduated from Pennsylvania Military College in June 1960 with a B.S. in Civil Engineering. After two years with the U.S. Forest Services working as a Civil Sanitary Engineer designing recreational facilities Constant joined the Vermont Water Resources Department as a Project Engineer. For the past five years he has been associated with the Naval Ship Engineering Center Piping System Branch responsible for design and development of systems and equipment to abate and control shipboard generated waste. He is presently Acting Head of the Sewage and Waste Water Section of the Environmental Pollution Control Branch NavSec.

The Navy, as well as other Federal Agencies and the private sector, has a clear mandate to stop polluting the environment, Various sources of environmental pollution caused by the operation of naval ships are discussed and characterized by the following general categories: Sewage; Oil; Industrial; Combustion Products; and Other Mission Related Wastes. Existing procedures for controlling these pollutants and advanced concepts for more complete control are discussed. Currently a very small percentage of ships are equipped to control environmental pollution. Complete control of ship wastes will be very costly and technically challenging. The first steps to effect control have been taken but greater strides are required.

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USING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS IN THE DESIGN OF SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 91-106页

作者： JONS, OP RYAN, JC JONES, GW Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hanover W. Germany and an MS in naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship system integration as manager LHA ship systems engineering department. From 1972 to 1974 he was the principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1974 as technical director he helped establish the Crystal City office of Designers and Planners. Mr. Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he serves as corporate vice president engineering. J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelors and masters degrees in naval architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the advanced marine technology division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. He subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for twelve years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the Technical Director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the director of the future ship concepts division. Gary W. Jones:graduated from the University of Tennessee in 1971 with a BS in mechanical engineering and followed up with graduate work at George Washington University and the University of Maryland. Mr. Jones was with the Naval Sea Systems Command from 1971 until 1988 where he was a naval architect in the submarine section of the hull form design division. In 1988 he was detailed to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) where he became the program manager for the advanced submarine technology program's hydrodynamic hydroac

A major contributor to the expense and length of time to design, build, and test new systems has been the need to build and test hardware prototypes to determine their effectiveness in meeting operational requirements. Recent and dramatic advances in computer simulation technologies hold forth the promise of revolutionizing design and acquisition strategies by providing the means to validate end users' requirements prior to hardware construction. By designing and operationally testing virtual prototypes in a virtual environment, these technologies will soon offer naval architects the ability to build and launch ships in computer-based cyberspace in lieu of the shipbuilder's ways. The authors of this paper provide the background for these developments, explore the significance and ramifications of these technologies to the current process of ship and system design, outline challenges lying ahead, and present their vision and recommendations for future development.

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EXTENSION AND APPLICATION OF SHIP DESIGN OPTIMIZATION CODE (SHIPDOC)

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 177-190页

作者： RICHARDSON, WM WHITE, WN William M:. Richardsonhas been employed as a naval architect in the Surface Effect Ship Division of the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC) where he has worked since 1975 in the areas of SES structural loads estimation and optimal ship design. Upon first coming to DTNSRDC he worked in the Ship Dynamics Simulation Branch on ACV submarine and hydrofoil simulations. While at Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINS) he was a member of the Engineering Computer Applications Branch where he was responsible for the development of algorithms and programs for the solution of naval architectural problems including ship design flooding effects and submarine overhaul scheduling. Before coming to MINS he was employed as a naval architect in the Hull Scientific Branch of the Boston Naval Shipyard's Design Division. He obtained an B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from M.I.T. and is a member of SNAME. William N:. Whiteis a senior naval architect in the Advance Vehicles Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command where he is responsible for the design of all surface effect ships and air cushion vehicles. Previous to his current assignment he was with PMS-304 the Navy's Surface Effect Ship Project Office. There he was the manager for machinery and system integration for the 3000 ton SES acquisition program. His earliest advanced ship experience was acquired while employed by the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center starting in 1970. Here he worked on the Navy's hydrofoil and air cushion vehicle programs. Mr. White started his career as a student trainee at the Boston Naval Shipyard in 1961 and transferred to Mare Island Naval Shipyard in 1964 where he worked on the Navy's Polaris program. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a Master's Degree in Naval Architecture and is a member of the SNAME and ASNE.

An existing nonlinear ship design optimization program designated SHIPDOC has been extended and a new surface effect ship (SES) description input file is being developed under the sponsorship of the Naval Sea systems Command's surface ship concept formulation (CONFORM) program. SHIPDOC is currently being used in support of several feasibility and preliminary level SES designs. The program has several novel features including an open-ended, user-created ship description and the potential to model all types of ships both enhanced and conventional, surfaced and submerged. This capability has been combined with a nonlinear optimization algorithm that solves for the minimum weight ship subject to user controlled constraints. This paper presents a brief overall description of SHIPDOC and its current capabilities followed by a synopsis of ship types, both surface and submerged, which have been designed with the program in order to illustrate SHIPDOC's practical design capability.

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CARRIER COMBAT ENDURANCE AND REPLENISHMENT REQUIREMENTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1977年第1期89卷 39-46页

作者： SMITH, CR FOSTER, RE USN Capt. Charles R. Smith Jr. USN:graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1949. He completed his flight training in 1951 and first served in Composite Squadron 33 on board Atlantic and Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers until 1954. He then attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Aeronautical Engineering and was awarded his Masters degree in SM Aero-Weapons Systems by Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1957 at which time he was ordered to Heavy Attack Squadron ONE embarked in Atlantic ‘Fleet aircraft carriers. He graduated from the Naval War College Command and Staff Course in 1961 and subsequently sensed on the Staff U.S. Naval Safety Center arid was Operations Officer. Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of Heavy Attack Squadron SIX and Reconnaissance Attack Squadron THREE. From 1968 until 1970 he was Executive Officer of the USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) when the ship was commissioned and first deployed followed by duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNA V) where he served under the Director of Fleet Operations until 1971. Capt. Smith commanded the Fast Combat Support Ship USS Detroit (AOE-4) during her first deployment was Commanding Officer. USS Independence (CV-62): and later returned to OPNAV where he was the Deputy Director of the Aircraft Carrier Programs an assignment which he held until August 1976 when he assumed his present duties as Chief Navy Section MAAG. Greece. Capt. Richard E. Foster USN (Ret.):has been affiliated with Wheeler Industries. Inc. us Program Manager since 1968 when he retired from the U.S. Navy. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy with the Class of 1941 and later attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Engineering Design. He served at sea as Electrical Officer in the USS Pennsylvania and as Engineer Officer in the USS Indiana and the aircraft carrier USS Wright. His three tours of duty in the Bureau of Ships included the Interior Communication and Fire Control Branch the Machinery Design Division and as Administrative Assistant

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DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND MODERNIZATION OF SHIPS WITH THE SHIPBOARD DATA MULTIPLEX SYSTEM (SDMS)

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第5期91卷 65-73页

作者： BOLD, NT BOURETTE, AP Dr. Norbert T. Bold graduated from Marquette University and later received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Northwestern University. He served three years as a Naval Engineering Officer aboard an Aircraft Carrier and a Minesweeper and has nineteen years technical experience in shipboard navigation underwater target and SDMS projects for the Navy. He is currently a Program Manager in the Autonetics Marine Systems Division Rockwell International where his primary assignment is the development of advanced concepts and applications of SDMS to Navy programs. He has published several technical papers. was elected to four Scholastic Honorary Societies and was the recipient of a NROTC Scholarship. Mr. A.P. Bourette Manager Systems Applications Autonetics Marine Systems Division. received his B.S. degree in Mathematical Physics from Long Beach State University. He began his career with a Computer Analysis Unit. performing tasks related to computer application. programming and interfacing. He has made significant contributions to the Central Computer Complex approach adopted for the SSN-688 Combat System and has performed inertial systems engineering efforts on the MK2 SINS for the POSEIDON Program. He spent some time in the Washington D.C. area providing technical expertise to various Navy organizations. Upon his return he soon was selected to manage the Systems Applications organization at Rockwell International. This organization is primarily responsible for the Shipboard Application of SDMS. He has directed several application studies showing the significant advantages associated with multiplexing. Recently. he provided the technical direction for the FY80 SSN SDMS Preliminary Design Phase.

Rockwell International is currently under Navy contract to fabricate the engineering Development Model (EDM) of the Shipboard Data Multiplex System (SDMS) for general data transfer aboard surface ships and submarines. The application of SDMS significantly reduces hardware such as cables, switchboards, and Signal Data Converters (SDC), and it provides the capability to add many desired features which are currently not practicable. In applying SDMS to a specific ship, a massive amount of signal data must be considered. The Application Design Automation program (ADAP) is a set of computer programs that have been developed to accomplish this task. ADAP com bines signal population data, ships configuration data, and SDMS hardware characteristics to produce an SDMS configuration layout together with documentation necessary to analyze, evaluate, and implement the system. Specific outputs include hardware requirements, system layout, and interface requirements including wire list information. The Timing, Event and Load Simulation (TELS) program simulates SDMS and provides performance data (system capacity, throughput rate, transport delays) for any system configuration. Conventional SDCs can be elimianted from Navy shipboard systems when SDMS is used. SDMS provides the necessary data distribution, signal conversion, and computer interface. In addition, many functions of the conventional switchboards can be performed within SDMS, thus reducing the size or eliminating conventional switchboards. Very small switch-bomb will provide the necessary control of data distribution. With SDMS, an automatic and continuous Noise and Vibration Monitoring (NVM) capability is readily available. The automated NVM function will enhance the safety, operation, and maintenance of the ship. Problems with machinery or excessive self-noise generation will be detected much sooner, and corrective action implemented on a timely basis.

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