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Azithromycin susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the USA in 2017: a genomic analysis of surveillance data

The Lancet Microbe 2020年第4期1卷 e154-e164页

作者： Gernert, Kim M Seby, Sandra Schmerer, Matthew W Thomas, Jesse C Pham, Cau D St Cyr, Sancta Schlanger, Karen Weinstock, Hillard Shafer, William M Raphael, Brian H Kersh, Ellen N Hun, Sopheay Hua, Chi Ruiz, Ryan Soge, Olusegun O Dominguez, Catherine Patel, Ami Loomis, Jillian Leavitt, John Zhang, Jenny Baldwin, Tamara Wang, Chun Moore, Christina Whelen, Christian Harvey, Alesia Laboratory Reference and Research Branch Division of STD Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Surveillance and Data Management Branch Division of STD Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Epidemiology and Statistics Branch Division of STD Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation and Fellowship Program Oak Ridge TN United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA United States Laboratories of Bacterial Pathogenesis Veterans Affairs Medical Center Decatur GA United States

Background: The number of cases of gonorrhoea in the USA and worldwide caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is increasing (555 608 reported US cases in 2017, and 87 million cases worldwide in 2016). Many countries report declining in vitro susceptibility of azithromycin, which is a concern because azithromycin and ceftriaxone are the recommended dual treatment in many countries. We aimed to identify strain types associated with decreased susceptibility to azithromycin. Methods: We did a genomic analysis of N gonorrhoeae isolates obtained by the US Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project. Isolates were whole-genome sequenced based on decreased susceptibility to azithromycin (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≥2 μg/mL, using agar dilution antibiotic susceptibility testing) and geographical representation. Bioinformatic analyses established genomic diversity, strain population dynamics, and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Findings: 410 isolates were sorted into more than 20 unique phylogenetic clades. One predominant persistent clade (consisting of 97 isolates) included the most isolates with azithromycin MICs of 2 μg/mL or higher (61 of 97 [63%] vs 59 of 311 [19%];p<0·0001) and carried a mosaic mtr (multiple transferable resistance) locus (68 of 97 [70%] vs two of 313 [1%];p<0·0001). Of the remaining 313 isolates, 57 (18%) had decreased susceptibility to azithromycin (MIC ≥4 μg/mL), which was attributed to 23S rRNA variants (56 of 57 [98%]) and formed phylogenetically diverse clades, showing various levels of clonal expansion. Interpretation: Reduced azithromycin susceptibility was associated with expanding and persistent clades harbouring two well described resistance mechanisms, mosaic mtr locus and 23S rRNA variants. Understanding the role of recombination, particularly within the mtr locus, on the fitness and expansion of strains with decreased susceptibility has important implications for the public health response to minimise gonorrhoea transmission. Funding:

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Randomised recruitment in estimating genital human papillomavirus prevalence - Authors' reply

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The Lancet. Global health 2024年第1期12卷 e31页

作者： Laia Bruni Ginesa Albero Jane Rowley Melanie Taylor Nathalie Broutet Cancer Epidemiology Research Program Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona 08908 Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP CB06/02/0073) Madrid Spain. Electronic address: lbruni@***. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP CB06/02/0073) Madrid Spain. Department of Global HIV Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland. Department of Global HIV Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Division of STD Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA. Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland.

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Hepatitis B virus resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy: WHO consultation on questions, challenges, and a roadmap for the field

The Lancet Microbe

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The Lancet Microbe 2025年 101076页

作者： Lumley, Sheila F Mokaya, Jolynne Maponga, Tongai G Kramvis, Anna Dusheiko, Geoffrey Irving, William Delphin, Marion Said Mohammed, Khadija Downs, Louise O Waddilove, Elizabeth Anderson, Motswedi Iwuji, Collins Msomi, Nokukhanya Ocama, Ponsiano Hamid, Saeed Adda, Danjuma Halford, Rachel Kabagambe, Kenneth Benschop, Kimberley S M Inzaule, Seth Chan, Polin Paul, Margaret Alia Samson Izumi, Kiyohiko Nisa, Tiara De Dieu Iragena, Jean Girón-Callejas, Amalia Kpossou, Aboudou Raïmi Jamiyu, Ganiyu Emmanuel, Omolara Balkissa, Mahamadou Keita, Mamadou Prabdial-Sing, Nishi Martinez, Alexander Magongo, Eleanor Namusoke Shao, Yiming Sued, Omar Sereno, Leandro Soares Shafer, Robert W Lesi, Olufunmilayo Faini, Diana Easterbrook, Philippa Duncombe, Chris Jordan, Michael R Matthews, Philippa C Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Oxford University Hospitals Oxford United Kingdom Parasites and Microbes Wellcome Sanger Institute Cambridge United Kingdom Division of Medical Virology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa National Health Laboratory Service Tygerberg Business Unit Cape Town South Africa Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit Department of Internal Medicine University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa National Institute for Communicable Diseases and National Health Laboratory Service and the Faculty of Health Sciences Witwatersrand University Johannesburg South Africa University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa Institute of Liver Studies King's College Hospital London United Kingdom NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom The Francis Crick Institute London United Kingdom Kenya Medical Research Institute Wellcome Trust Kilifi Kenya Africa Health Research Institute Durban South Africa Botswana Harvard Health Partnership Gaborone Botswana Department of Global Health and Infection Brighton and Sussex Medical School University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Discipline of Virology University of KwaZulu-Natal and National Health Laboratory Service Durban South Africa Department of Medicine Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda Department of Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan World Hepatitis Alliance Geneva Switzerland Center for Initiative and Development and Chagro-Care Trust Jalingo Nigeria The National Organisation for People Living with Hepatitis B Kampala Uganda National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven Netherlands Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development and Department of Global Health Amsterdam Unive

In this Review, we summarise outputs from a multidisciplinary consultation convened by WHO between July 11 and 13, 2023, to discuss hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug resistance (HBVDR). Treatment of chronic HBV infection with highly effective nucleos(t)ide analogue agents, tenofovir and entecavir, is a crucial intervention that supports the global goal of elimination of HBV infection as a public health threat. The risk of HBVDR as a threat to treatment outcomes is currently considered low from a public health perspective;however, drug resistance can influence individual outcomes, particularly among those who are treatment-experienced. We highlight the need to develop appropriate prevention, monitoring, and surveillance approaches for HBVDR, to support investment in the global scale-up of HBV diagnosis and treatment. Recommendations for the HBVDR field will ultimately be incorporated into a WHO integrated Global Action Plan for drug-resistant hiv, viral hepatitis, and priority sexually transmitted infections. © 2025 The Author(s)

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1292. hiv Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Implementation at Silom Community Clinic in Bangkok, Thailand, 2016–2018

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2018年第SUPPL_1期5卷 S394–S395页

作者： Kung, Vanessa Pattanasin, Sarika Ungsedhapand, Chaiwat Wimonsate, Wipas Thigpen, Michael Dunne, Eileen Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin HIV/STD Research Program Thailand Ministry of Public Health – U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration Nonthaburi Thailand Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia

Background Since 2014, the Thailand National Guidelines have recommended pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent hiv among persons at risk. In March 2016, Silom Community Clinic (SCC) began PrEP provision to men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in Bangkok, Thailand. Methods SCC staff routinely counseled MSM and TGW attending hiv voluntary counseling and testing about PrEP. If clients believed that they were at substantial risk of hiv and were interested in PrEP, they could receive PrEP after screening that included hiv and renal function testing. Eligible clients received a 30-day supply of daily oral tenofovir-emtricitabine costing 800 Baht (30 USD), and completed a baseline computer-assisted self-interview (CASI) on knowledge and behaviors. At every 3-month follow-up, PrEP clients had a CASI on adherence; if they were interested in discontinuation of PrEP, they completed a CASI that included reasons for discontinuation. We conducted a descriptive analysis of baseline and follow-up CASI results. Results From March 2016 to February 2018, 192 clients were prescribed PrEP, and 80 (42%) continued PrEP for at least 6 months. The median age of clients starting PrEP was 31 years (range, 17–67 years), and 98% were MSM. Overall, most (77%) reported at least 1 of four risk behaviors in the last 3 months; among the 148, 120 (81%) had a sex partner with unknown or positive hiv status, 99 (67%) had anal sex without a condom, 22 (15%) reported an STI, and 16 (11%) received money or goods in exchange for sex. Among the 166 clients who returned for at least one follow-up visit, 135 (81%) completed the CASI at the last follow-up visit; of those, 106 (78%) reported 100% adherence to daily PrEP in the last 7 days, and 126 (93%) reported ≥80% adherence in the last 30 days. Of the 36 clients who discontinued PrEP and completed CASI, 33% reported the reason for discontinuation was no current hiv risk (33%); most (69%) reported that they would consider PrEP in t

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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the hiv epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet hiv 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end hiv/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the hiv epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific hiv burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific hiv-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with hiv (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with hiv worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with hiv in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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Author Correction: Integrating standardized whole genome sequence analysis with a global Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibiotic resistance knowledgebase

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Scientific reports 2020年第1期10卷 3531页

作者： Matthew Ezewudo Amanda Borens Álvaro Chiner-Oms Paolo Miotto Leonid Chindelevitch Angela M Starks Debra Hanna Richard Liwski Matteo Zignol Christopher Gilpin Stefan Niemann Thomas Andreas Kohl Robin M Warren Derrick Crook Sebastien Gagneux Sven Hoffner Camilla Rodrigues Iñaki Comas David M Engelthaler David Alland Leen Rigouts Christoph Lange Keertan Dheda Rumina Hasan Ruth McNerney Daniela M Cirillo Marco Schito Timothy C Rodwell James Posey Critical Path Institute 1730 E River Rd. Tucson AZ 85718 USA. Joint unit Infection and Public Health FISABIO-CSISP/University of Valencia Institute of integrative Systems Biology Valencia Spain. Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute via Olgettina 58 20132 Milano Italy. School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University 8888 University Ave Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada. Division of Tuberculosis Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road MS F08 Atlanta GA 30329 USA. Global Tuberculosis Program World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland. German Center for Infection Research Partner Site Borstel Borstel Germany. Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology Priority area Infections Research Center Borstel Borstel Germany. DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa. Nuffield Department of Medicine John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland. Department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska institute Stockholm Sweden. Hinduja Hospital Veer Savarkar Marg Mahim Mumbai India. Tuberculosis Genomics Unit Biomedicine Institute of Valencia (IBV-CSIC) Street Jaime Roig 11. P.O. 4010 Valencia Spain. Translational Genomics Research Institute 3051 W. Shamrell Blvd. Ste 106 Flagstaff AZ 86005 USA. Center for Emerging Pathogens Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School 185 South Orange Avenue Newark NJ 07103 USA. Department of Biomedical Sciences Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium. Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and German Center for Infection Research Tuberculosis Unit Research Center Borstel Borstel Germany. Lung Infection

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Proceedings of the 14th annual conference of INEBRIA

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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2017年第1期12卷 1-24页

作者： Aisha S. Holloway Sarah Landale Laura Cariola Jennifer Ferguson Dorothy Newbury-Birch Amy Flynn John R. Knight Lon Sherritt Sion K. Harris Amy J. O’Donnell Eileen Kaner Barbara Hanratty Denise Howel Elaine McColl Ruth McGovern Stephanie Scott Elaine Stamp Ellen Lynch Amy M. Loree Steve Martino Amy C. Justice Kimberly A. Yonkers Kate Gilstead-Hayden Steven J. Ondersma Joy Scheidell Angeline Adam Jennifer McNeely Robert P. Schwartz Li-Tzy Wu Geetha Subramaniam Gaurav Sharma Anne H. Berman Karoline Kolaas Elisabeth Petersén Erik Hedman Kristina Sinadinovic Anna Thurang Sven Andréasson Ingvar Rosendahl Mikael Gajecki Preben Bendtsen Catharina Linderoth Ulrika Müssener Fredrik Spak Ida Gremyr Ann M. Mitchell Brayden N. Kameg Deborah Finnell Christine L. Savage Khadejah F. Mahmoud Benjamin C. Riordan Tamlin S. Conner Jayde A. M. Flett Damian Scarf Bonnie McRee Janice Vendetti Karen Steinberg Gallucci Kate Robaina Brendan J. Clark Kathryne D. Reed Rachel M. Hodapp Ivor Douglas Ellen L. Burnham Jacqueline Jones Laura Aagaard Paul F. Cook Brett R. Harris Jiang Yu Margaret Wolff Meighan Rogers Carolina Barbosa Brendan J. Wedehase Laura J. Dunlap Shannon G. Mitchell Kristi A. Dusek Jan Gryczynski Arethusa S. Kirk Marla T. Oros Colleen Hosler Kevin E. O’Grady Barry S. Brown Colin Angus Sidney Sherborne Duncan Gillespie Petra Meier Alan Brennan Divane de Vargas Janaina Soares Donna Castelblanco Ian Wittman Ryan P. McCormack Mirelis Gonzalez Kelly M. Doran Donna Shelley John Rotrosen Lillian Gelberg E. Jennifer Edelman Christopher J. Cutter Lynn E. Fiellin Patrick G. O’Connor David A. Fiellin Nathan B. Hansen Stephen A. Maisto Yanhong Deng James Dziura Roger Bedimo Cynthia Gibert Vincent C. Marconi David Rimland Maria C. Rodriguez-Barradas Michael S. Simberkoff Kendall J. Bryant Emma L. Giles Grant J. McGeechan Simon Coulton Nadine Hendrie Paolo Deluca Colin Drummond Sadie Boniface Amy Ramsey Harry Sumnall Luke Vale Viviana Alabani Amanda Atkinson Grant Stanley Jo Frankham Eilish Gilvarry Nicola Howe Justine Clephane David Gar Nursing Studies School of Health in Social Science The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Health and Social Care Institute School of Health and Social Care Teesside University Middlesbrough Tees Valley UK School of Health and Social Care Teesside University Middlesbrough Tees Valley UK Alcohol and Public Health Team School of Health and Social Care Middlesbrough Teesside UK Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Center for Adolescent Substance Abuse Research Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA USA Institute of Health and Society Newcastle University Baddiley-Clark Building Richardson Road Newcastle Upon Tyne Northumberland UK VA Connecticut Healthcare System Veterans Aging Cohort Study West Haven CT USA Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Department of Psychiatry Yale School of Medicine VA Connecticut Healthcare New Haven CT USA Department of Psychiatry Yale School of Medicine VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT USA Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute Detroit MI USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences and Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Department of Population Health NYU School of Medicine New York NY USA Friends Research Institute Inc Baltimore MD USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department of Medicine and Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Center for the Clinical Trials Network National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA The EMMES Corporation Rockville MD USA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Center for Psychiatry Research Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

A1 What does an ABI look like when delivered in the prison setting: perspectives and experiences of male remand prisoners and relevant stakeholders Aisha S. Holloway1, Jennifer Ferguson2, Sarah Landale3, Laura Cariola3, Dorothy Newbury-Birch2 1Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; 2Health and Social Care Institute, School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, UK; 3School of Health in Social Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Correspondence: Aisha Holloway - ***@*** Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2017, 12(Suppl 1): A1 Background: Addressing alcohol harm in prisons can potentially reduce the risk of re-offending, and costs to society, whilst tackling health inequalities. Health savings of ￡4.3 m and crime savings of ￡100 m per year can be a result of appropriate alcohol interventions. Prison therefore offers an opportunity for the identification, response and/or referral to treatment for those male remand prisoners who are consuming alcohol above recommended levels. There is however, limited evidence for the effectiveness, optimum timing of delivery, recommended length, content, implementation and economic benefit of Alcohol Brief Interventions (ABI) in the prison setting for male remand prisoners. As part of the PRISM-A study, we aimed to explore the ‘elements’ of an acceptable ABI for delivery, experiences of engagement with services/health professionals about alcohol use, alongside barriers and facilitators to implementation within the prison setting for male remand prisoners. Materials and methods: Twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted with adult male remand prisoners at one Scottish prison (n = 12) and one English prison (n = 12). A focus group at each of the prison sites was held with key stakeholders (e.g. prison nurses, prison officers, voluntary alcohol/addiction services, health service managers and commissioners).

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African-American and hispanic perceptions of hiv vaccine clinical research: A qualitative study

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American Journal of Health Promotion 2014年第2期29卷 e82-e90页

作者： Toledo, Lauren McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor Arreola, Sonya Campbell, Chadwick Sutton, Madeline Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention ICF International Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-45 Atlanta 30333 GA United States Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention National Center for HIV Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Atlanta GA United States Urban Health Program Research Triangle Institute San Francisco CA United States Center for Research and Education on Gender and Sexuality San Francisco State University San Francisco CA United States

Purpose. To examine perceptions of phase-I human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) vaccine trial participation among African-Americans and Hispanics in San Francisco, California.;Design. Qualitative, semistructured interviews.;Setting. San Francisco Department of Health.;Participants. Thirty-six African-American and Hispanic men and women, 18 to 50 years of age, residing in the San Francisco Bay Area.;Method. Purposive sampling using advertisements, community-based organization rosters, and snowball referrals. Thematic analysis of transcripts identified salient themes and patterns.;Conclusion. Historically, African-Americans and Hispanics in the United States have had limited participation in hiv trials. Understanding their perceptions of hiv biomedical research, identifying facilitators and barriers to participation, addressing misinformation about hiv, distorted risk perceptions, hiv stigma, and providing accessible opportunities to participate are imperative to ensure health equity and generalizability of findings. (Am J Health Promot 2014;29[2]:e82-e90.).;Results. Participants viewed participation in hiv research as important;however, they held that hiv was not a health priority given limited awareness about hiv research or beliefs that only infected or high-risk persons were eligible for participation. Altruism and personal gain, trustworthy trial staff, convenient schedules and facilities, and involvement of trusted community groups in recruitment were perceived to motivate participants. Concerns about the social consequences of participating in hiv research and product-related side effects were seen as discouraging participation. Limitations include the possibility that participants in interview research have more favorable views of biomedical research than those who refuse to participate. Copyright © 2014 by American Journal of Health Promotion, Inc.

关键词： African- Americans Aids vaccine Biomedical research Clinical trials Health focus: medical self-care Hispanic americans Outcome measure: behavioral Prevention research. manuscript format: research Race/ethnicity research purpose: descriptive Setting: clinical/health care Strategy: behavior change Study design: qualitative Target population age: Adults Target population circumstances: geographic location

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Proceedings from the 9th annual conference on the science of dissemination and implementation: Washington, DC, USA. 14-15 December 2016

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Implement Sci 2017年第Suppl 1期12卷 48-48页

作者： David Chambers Lisa Simpson Gila Neta Ulrica von Thiele Schwarz Antoinette Percy-Laurry Gregory A. Aarons Ross Brownson Amanda Vogel Shannon Wiltsey Stirman Kenneth Sherr Rachel Sturke Wynne E. Norton Allyson Varley Cynthia Vinson Lisa Klesges Suzanne Heurtin-Roberts M. Rashad Massoud Leighann Kimble Arne Beck Claire Neely Jennifer Boggs Carmel Nichols Wen Wan Erin Staab Neda Laiteerapong Nathalie Moise Ravi Shah Susan Essock Margaret Handley Amy Jones Jay Carruthers Karina Davidson Lauren Peccoralo Lloyd Sederer Todd Molfenter Ashley Scudder Sarah Taber-Thomas Kristen Schaffner Amy Herschell Eva Woodward Jeffery Pitcock Mona Ritchie JoAnn Kirchner Julia E. Moore Sobia Khan Shusmita Rashid Jamie Park Melissa Courvoisier Sharon Straus Daniel Blonigen Allison Rodriguez Luisa Manfredi Andrea Nevedal Joel Rosenthal David Smelson Christine Timko Nicole Stadnick Jennifer Regan Miya Barnett Anna Lau Lauren Brookman-Frazee Erick Guerrero Karissa Fenwick Yinfei Kong Gregory Aarons Rebecca Lengnick-Hall Benjamin Henwood Nina Sayer Craig Rosen Robert Orazem Brandy Smith Lindsey Zimmerman David Lounsbury Rachel Kimerling Jodie A. Trafton Steven Lindley Rahul Bhargava Hal Roberts Laura Gibson Gabriel J. Escobar Vincent Liu Benjamin Turk Arona Ragins Patricia Kipnis Ashley Ketterer Gruszkowski Michael W. Kennedy Emily Rentschler Drobek Lior Turgeman Aleksandra Sasha Milicevic Terrence L. Hubert Larissa Myaskovsky Youxu C. Tjader Robert J. Monte Kathryn G. Sapnas Edmond Ramly Diane R Lauver Christie M Bartels Shereef Elnahal Andrea Ippolito Hillary Peabody Carolyn Clancy Randall Cebul Thomas Love Douglas Einstadter Shari Bolen Brook Watts Vera Yakovchenko Angela Park William Lukesh Donald R. Miller David Thornton Mari-Lynn Drainoni Allen L. Gifford Shawna Smith Julia Kyle Mark S Bauer Daniel Eisenberg Celeste Liebrecht Michelle Barbaresso Amy Kilbourne Elyse Park Giselle Perez Jamie Ostroff Sarah Greene Michael Parchman Brian Austin Eric Larson Stefanie Ferreri Chris Shea Megan Smith Kea Turner Jennifer Bacci Kyle Bigham Geoffr Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute Rockville MD 20850 USA AcademyHealth Washington DC 20009 USA Department of Learning Informatics Management and Ethics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm 17177 Sweden Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego San Diego CA 92093 USA George Warren Brown School of Social Work Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA Center for Global Health National Cancer Institute Rockville MD 20850 USA Dissemination and Training Division VA National Center for PTSD Palo Alto CA 94305 USA Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA 98105 USA Center for Global Health Studies Fogarty International Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20912 USA School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35243 USA School of Public Health University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 USA USAID Applying Science to Strengthen and Improve Systems (ASSIST) Project Bethesda Maryland 20814 USA Institute for Health Research Kaiser Permanente Denver CO 80231 USA ICSI Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement Bloomington MN 55425 USA Medicine University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New York NY 10032 USA Psychiatry Columbia University New York NY 10032 USA General Internal Medicine Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA 94110 USA New York State Office of Mental Health New York NY 10001 USA Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029 USA Center for Health Enhancement System Studies University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Psychology University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260 USA Department of Psychology West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506 USA MIRECC VA North Little Rock AR 72114 USA QUERI for Team-Based Behavioral Health Centr

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1474Genotypic Characterization ofpncAGene in Patients with Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis from South Africa

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2014年第SUPPL_1期1卷 S389–S389页

作者： Allana, Salim Mathema, Barun Brust, James Mthiyane, Thuli Mlisana, Koleka Moodley, Pravi Shah, Sarita Gandhi, Neel Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York NY Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY Microbiology Virology Research University of KwaZulu Natal Durban South Africa MMedMicro Department of Medical Microbiology University of KwaZulu-Natal and National Health Laboratory Service Durban South Africa Department of Virology University of KwaZulu-Natal and National Health Laboratory Service Durban South Africa International Research and Program Branch Division of TB Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA Epidemiology and Global Health Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA

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