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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Li, Xin Zhang, Guoying Zheng, Chenguang Tian, Yutao Tianjin University Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Medical College Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Ultrasound neuromodulation, a burgeoning field aimed at enhancing brain function and behavior, relies on the intricate electrophysiological responses of neurons driven by ion channel dynamics. However, achieving targeted and precise modulation with ultrasound poses a significant challenge. A hypothesis is that mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels may play a pivotal role in achieving the desired specificity in ultrasound effects. Our study involved augmenting MscL-G22S channel expression in specific areas of rats' hippocampus (HP) and primary visual cortex (V1) via AAV virus delivery. We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) to assess the modulation effect and identified distinct evoked-related potentials (ERPs) in regions overexpressing MscL-G22S channels under anesthesia. Notable variations in the amplitude of negative peaks were observed in the ERPs between HP and V1, highlighting a nuanced response to ultrasound stimulation. These results highlight the complexity and promise of MS channel-mediated neuromodulation, offering critical insights into the development of targeted ultrasound interventions to improve brain function. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Transient analysis

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Astrocytic TRPA1 as a target in reversing social avoidance by low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation in mice 46

Astrocytic TRPA1 as a target in reversing social avoidance b...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Wei, Ganjiang Wang, Ling Zhu, Jingnan Wang, Xiao Zang, Yuran Yang, Jiajia Zheng, Chenguang Tianjin University Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Medical College Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Social avoidance is a prominent clinical feature of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Increasing evidence showed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) regulates social avoidance with suppression of excitatory neurons. Our previous study found that the low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFUS), as a novel noninvasive neuromodulation technique, could alleviate the social avoidance of social defeat stress (SDS) model mice by increasing the mPFC excitation. However, the underlying target of LIFUS on mPFC neurons in social defeated mice remains unclear. Here we injected AAV-shRNA to knock down astrocytic TRPA1 in the mPFC, and investigated whether astrocytic TRPA1 played a crucial role in LIFUS modulation. We found that the social avoidance of SDS mice with TRPA1 knocked down was not affected by LIFUS. Furthermore, LIFUS didn't induce enhanced expression of membrane NMDAR2A and NMDAR2B in SDS mice with TRPA1 knocked down, compared with that in mice infected with the control virus. It is believed that LIFUS can act on astrocytic TRPA1 to improve social avoidance and hence synaptic function. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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Firing Pattern of Cells in the Hippocampus and Basolateral Amygdala during Novelty Recognition 46

Firing Pattern of Cells in the Hippocampus and Basolateral A...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Ren, Xiaoxin Wang, Yimeng Wang, Ling Yang, Jiajia Zheng, Chenguang Tianjin University Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Medical College Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Novelty recognition is essential for exploring and collecting unknown but interesting information, in which multiple brain regions related to cognitive memory are involved. Dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) is revealed to be closely associated with spatial memory and basolateral amygdala (BLA) is reported recently to be related to state-dependent encoding of exploratory behavior. However, how the firing pattern of cells in these two brain regions responds to novelty dynamically remains unclear. In this study, we observed that the representations of cells in BLA exhibited shift towards novelty, whereas dHPC cells maintained strong stability after the introduction of novelty, which are both engaged in the execution of novel recognition. Our study may provide new evidence for underlying the internal mechanisms of perception of novelty in the brain. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Brain

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The Pattern of CA1 c-Fos Expressing Place Cells Correlates with Learning Progression 46

The Pattern of CA1 c-Fos Expressing Place Cells Correlates w...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Wang, Ning Zhang, Anqi Yang, Jiajia Wang, Ling Zheng, Chenguang Tianjin University Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Medical College Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Spatial memory supported by the hippocampus is a critical cognitive function in daily life. It helps us to navigate to salient goal locations. Hippocampal place cells stably represent the spatial location, while c-Fos-expressing cells (engram cells) contain rich information about the environment, contributing to the encoding and retrieving of memories. However, the role of cFos as a gateway to a more profound comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the process of goal-oriented spatial memory remained poorly understood. In this study, we labeled rats' c-Fos+ neurons by Channelrhodopsin-2 during memory encoding of a specific goal location. A subset of place cells whether they expressed c-Fos was identified optogenetically. As the rats learned the new goal locations, the spatial correlation between task periods remained stable for the c-Fos- place cell, while increased for the c-Fos+ place cell. This finding shed light on the processing of goal-oriented spatial memories by the hippocampal network involved in c-Fos. C-Fos- place cells consistently maintained a stable representation of the locations, while c-Fos+ place cells exhibited significant flexibility of the goal. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Decoding Arm Movement Direction Using Ultra-High-Density EEG

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2025年第6期29卷 4035-4045页

作者： Zhen Ma Xinyi Yang Jiayuan Meng Kun Wang Minpeng Xu Dong Ming Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-computer Interaction and Human-machine Integration Tianjin China

Detecting arm movement direction is significant for individuals with upper-limb motor disabilities to restore independent self-care abilities. It involves accurately decoding the fine movement patterns of the arm, which has become feasible using invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, it is still a significant challenge for traditional electroencephalography (EEG) based BCIs to decode multi-directional arm movements effectively. This study designed an ultra-high-density (UHD) EEG system to decode multi-directional arm movements. The system contains 200 electrodes with an interval of about 4 mm. We analyzed the patterns of the UHD EEG signals induced by arm movements in different directions. To extract discriminative features from UHD EEG, we proposed a spatial filtering method combining principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminative spatial pattern (DSP). We collected EEG signals from five healthy subjects (two left-handed and three right-handed) to verify the system's feasibility. The movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) showed a certain degree of separability both in waveforms and spatial patterns for arm movements in different directions. This study achieved an average classification accuracy of 63.15 (8.71)% for both arms (eight-class task) with a peak accuracy of 77.24%. For the dominant arm (four-class task), we obtained an average accuracy of 75.31 (9.21)% with a peak accuracy of 85.00%. For the first time, this study simultaneously decodes multi-directional movements of both arms using UHD EEG. This study provides a promising approach for detecting information about arm movement directions, which is significant for the development of BCIs.

关键词： Electroencephalography Principal component analysis Decoding Accuracy Bioinformatics Support vector machines Spatial resolution Power harmonic filters Motors Hands

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Improving EEG-Based Cross-Subject Mental Workload Classification Performance with Euclidean-Aligned Periodic and Aperiodic Features

Improving EEG-Based Cross-Subject Mental Workload Classifica...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Tao Wang Yufeng Ke Feng He Dong Ming Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Enhancing the cross-subject classification performance of EEG-based mental workload (MWL) monitoring models poses a significant challenge. Traditional methods require gathering calibration data for new users to prevent performance decline. However, the calibration data collection process is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, we proposed a novel cross-subject MWL classification model that does not require calibration data. Specifically, we used periodic and aperiodic components obtained through EEG spectrum decomposition as features, replacing the commonly used power spectral density (PSD) features. These features are then aligned across subjects using a modified Euclidean alignment method. Our results show that the aligned periodic and aperiodic combined features achieve the highest classification accuracy (0.791±0.077), significantly surpassing raw PSD features without alignment (0.731±0.086, p<0.05). Moreover, we found a significantly negative correlation between inter-subject distances calculated from periodic features in resting-state data and inter-subject pairwise classification accuracy (r=-0.472, p<0.001). This finding suggests a promising approach to leverage resting-state data for selecting source subjects that closely match the target subjects.

关键词： Accuracy Correlation Data collection Brain modeling Electroencephalography Data models Calibration Engineering in medicine and biology Monitoring

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Tonic and Event-Related Phasic Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Alters Pupil Responses in the Change-Detection Task

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Neuromodulation 2025年第4期28卷 652-662页

作者： Chen, Jingxin Ke, Yufeng Ni, Guangjian Liu, Shuang Ming, Dong Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin International Joint Research Centre for Neural Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-computer Interaction and Human-machine Integration Tianjin China

Background: Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has emerged as a potential modulator of cognitive behavior that activates the locus coeruleus-noradrenaline (LC-NA) system. Previous studies explored both phasic and tonic taVNS by investigating their impact on LC-NA markers such as pupil dilation and heart rate variability (HRV). Objective: Inconsistencies persist in the identification of reliable markers for assessing the effects of taVNS on noradrenergic activity. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the effects of taVNS extend beyond pure vagal nerve responses, particularly in specific cognitive domains such as working memory. In the present study, we investigated the effects of taVNS on working memory capacity and LC-NA markers using a change-detection task. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two healthy, right-handed university students participated in a sham-controlled, randomized cross-over experiment with four sessions. We applied two types of phasic and event-related stimulation (Pre-event and Event-synchronous), tonic stimulation (Pre-task), and sham stimulation across different sessions. Pupil size and electrocardiogram data were recorded during the tasks. Results: taVNS did not significantly modulate behavioral performance on the change-detection task, specifically working memory capacity. However, both tonic and event-related phasic taVNS significantly influenced the pupillary response during the task. In addition, the Pre-task condition of the taVNS affected the low-frequency parameter of HRV. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that tonic and event-related phasic taVNS may modulate noradrenergic activity, as evidenced by pupil responses and HRV changes during the change-detection task. This study provides new evidence regarding the impact of taVNS on cognitive tasks, thus supporting the development of noninvasive neuromodulation interventions. © 2025 International Neuromodulation Society

关键词： Heart rate variability (HRV) LC-NA pupil response pupillometry taVNS

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Interpretable SincNet-Based Spatiotemporal Neural Network for Seizure Prediction

Interpretable SincNet-Based Spatiotemporal Neural Network fo...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Baolian Shan Haiqing Yu Hanzhe Jiang Yongzhi Huang Minpeng Xu Dong Ming Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Spatiotemporal convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as potent tools for seizure prediction (SP) using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, probing spatiotemporal biomarkers in epileptic brains. Nevertheless, it poses significant challenges for clinical practice due to the poor interpretability of learned features and the numerous trainable parameters in existing CNNs. To improve the interpretability and performance, this study proposed an interpretable SincNet-based architecture for spatiotemporal CNNs, encompassing EEGNet-8,2, ShallowConvNet, DeepConvNet, and EEGWaveNet, enabling direct visualization of the bandpass temporal filter range using a sinc-convolution layer. Furthermore, we also constructed a visualization analysis method to demonstrate the crucial spatiotemporal features learned by the proposed optimal CNN. Results on the CHB-MIT dataset revealed that both ShallowConvNet and EEGWaveNet had significantly improved performance with more lightweight parameters. Notably, the architecture enabled ShallowConvNet to achieve an average accuracy of 87.2%, sensitivity of 88.3%, weighted F1-score of 87.1%, and AUC of 92.7% for 21 epilepsy patients. Besides, the visualization outcomes underscored the ability of the optimal model to extract statistically significant spatiospectral energy differences within high-frequency EEG bands for SP classification tasks.

关键词： Band-pass filters Visualization Sensitivity Accuracy Epilepsy Motors Feature extraction Electroencephalography Spatiotemporal phenomena Convolutional neural networks

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Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation does not modulate working memory capacity but alters pupillary responses in the change detection task

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation does not mo...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Jingxin Chen Yufeng Ke Guangjian Ni Dong Ming Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) offers an effective, non-invasive alternative to implantable vagus nerve stimulation and it is considered to be a promising cognitive modulation tool. However, at present, the effect of taVNS on working memory is not clear, Simultaneously, the potential pupillary responses stemming from taVNS require more empirical inquiry. Herein, we investigated the influence of taVNS on working memory capacity and its link to pupillary responses during the change detection task. A sham-controlled, randomized, crossover-designed experiment was applied to 16 participants. Within each session, participants received a Sham or Active taVNS stimulation for 12 minutes and then achieved 3 blocks of change detection task. Each trial exceeds for 5s. The pupil and behavior responses were recorded during the task. We hypothesized that Active taVNS can improve the performance of the change detection task and influence the pupil corresponding to different numbers of target stimuli. For the results, we observed no significant modulation of working memory capacity by taVNS but did note distinct alterations in pupillary response (mean amplitude and extremes) during specified intervals in the change detection task. These findings point to an underexplored avenue of research into the neural or psychological processes affected by taVNS and provides a new insight for taVNS to modulate working memory capacity.

关键词： Memory management Modulation Psychology Pupils Engineering in medicine and biology

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Effects of 15-Day -6° Head-Down Bed Rest and HD-tDCS on Cognitive Functions

Effects of 15-Day -6° Head-Down Bed Rest and HD-tDCS on Cog...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Linlin Dong Yufeng Ke Xiaodong Zhu Dong Ming Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin China Haihe Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Integration Tianjin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

A favorable cognitive state, efficient attention, and sharp alertness are essential for successful space missions. To explore the effects of microgravity on working memory, attention, and alertness and to find effective approaches to improve them, we recruited 17 healthy participants (control: 9, active: 8) to be involved in a 15-day -6° head-down bed rest (HDBR). A 30 min HD-tDCS was applied to the active group every other day during HDBR. We adopted three types of tasks: N-back, SCWT, and PVT to evaluate the effects, which were completed before, during, and after HDBR. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant difference in accuracy or in response time between the control and the active group. (2) The accuracy of SCWT before HDBR was significantly lower than that during and after HDBR. (3) Regardless of groups, the response time of all tasks showed a gradual decrease during HDBR. For the N-back and PVT tasks, the response time increased significantly in the control group and decreased significantly in the active group after HDBR. Those demonstrated that the working memory, attention, and alertness were elevated during 15-day -6° HDBR. HD-tDCS enhanced readaptation of cognitive functions after HDBR exposure.

关键词： Accuracy Space missions Time factors Engineering in medicine and biology

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