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arXiv 2017年

作者： Bakdash, Jonathan Z. Hutchinson, Steve Zaroukian, Erin G. Marusich, Laura R. Thirumuruganathan, Saravanan Sample, Charmaine Hoffman, Blaine Das, Gautam U.S. Army Research Laboratory South The University of Texas Dallas RichardsonTX United States Department of Psychology Counseling and Special Education Texas A&M Commerce Commerce TX United States Computational and Information Sciences Directorate ICF for the U.S. Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD United States Human Research and Engineering Directorate U.S. Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground MD United States U.S. Army Research Laboratory South The University of Texas Arlington ArlingtonTX United States Qatar Computing and Research Institute Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar Computer Science and Engineering Department University of Texas Arlington ArlingtonTX United States

Cyber attacks endanger physical, economic, social, and political security. There have been extensive efforts in government, academia, and industry to anticipate, forecast, and mitigate such cyber attacks. A common approach is time-series forecasting of cyber attacks based on data from network telescopes, honeypots, and automated intrusion detection/prevention systems. This research has uncovered key insights such as systematicity in cyber attacks. Here, we propose an alternate perspective of this problem by performing forecasting of attacks that are analyst-detected and -verified occurrences of malware. We call these instances of malware cyber event data. Specifically, our dataset was analyst-detected incidents from a large operational Computer Security Service Provider (CSSP) for the U.S. Department of Defense, which rarely relies only on automated systems. Our data set consists of weekly counts of cyber events over approximately seven years. This curated dataset has characteristics that distinguish it from most datasets used in prior research on cyber attacks. Since all cyber events were validated by analysts, our dataset is unlikely to have false positives which are often endemic in other sources of data. Further, the higher-quality data could be used for a number of important tasks for CSSPs such as resource allocation, estimation of security resources, and the development of effective risk-management strategies. To quantify bursts, we used a Markov model of state transitions. For forecasting, we used a Bayesian State Space Model and found that events one week ahead could be predicted with reasonable accuracy, with the exception of bursts. Our findings of systematicity in analyst-detected cyber attacks are consistent with previous work using cyber attack data from other sources. The advanced information provided by a forecast may help with threat awareness by providing a probable value and range for future cyber events one week ahead, similar to a weather foreca

关键词： Network security

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Undoped Layered Perovskite Oxynitride Li2LaTa2O6N for Photocatalytic CO2Reduction with Visible Light

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Angewandte Chemie 2018年第27期130卷

作者： Takayoshi Oshima Tom Ichibha Ken Sinkou Qin Kanemichi Muraoka Junie Jhon M. Vequizo Keisuke Hibino Ryo Kuriki Shunsuke Yamashita Kenta Hongo Tomoki Uchiyama Kotaro Fujii Daling Lu Ryo Maezono Akira Yamakata Hideki Kato Koji Kimoto Masatomo Yashima Yoshiharu Uchimoto Masato Kakihana Osamu Ishitani Hiroshi Kageyama Kazuhiko Maeda Department of Chemistry School of Science Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Kojimachi Business Center Building 5-3-1 Kojimachi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-0083 Japan School of Information Science JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Toyota Technological Institute 2-12-1 Hisakata Tempaku Nagoya 468-8511 Japan Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Advanced Computing Infrastructure JAIST Asahidai 1-1 Nomi Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan Center for Materials Research by Information Integration Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan PRESTO (Japan) Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi-shi Saitama 322-0012 Japan Computational Engineering Applications Unit RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Graduate school of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Suzukakedai Materials Analysis Division Technical Department Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan

Oxynitrides are promising visible‐light‐responsive photocatalysts, but their structures are almost confined with three‐dimensional (3D) structures such as perovskites. A phase‐pure Li 2 LaTa 2 O 6 N with a layered perovskite structure was successfully prepared by thermal ammonolysis of a lithium‐rich oxide precursor. Li 2 LaTa 2 O 6 N exhibited high crystallinity and visible‐light absorption up to 500 nm. As opposed to well‐known 3D oxynitride perovskites, Li 2 LaTa 2 O 6 N supported by a binuclear Ru II complex was capable of stably and selectively converting CO 2 into formate under visible light ( λ >400 nm). Transient absorption spectroscopy indicated that, as compared to 3D oxynitrides, Li 2 LaTa 2 O 6 N possesses a lower density of mid‐gap states that work as recombination centers of photogenerated electron/hole pairs, but a higher density of reactive electrons, which is responsible for the higher photocatalytic performance of this layered oxynitride.

关键词： CO2-Reduktion Oxynitride Perowskite Photokatalyse Sichtbares Licht

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Enhancing quantum control by bootstrapping a quantum processor of 12 qubits

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Lu, Dawei Li, Keren Li, Jun Katiyar, Hemant Park, Annie Jihyun Feng, Guanru Xin, Tao Li, Hang Long, Guilu Brodutch, Aharon Baugh, Jonathan Zeng, Bei Laflamme, Raymond Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing100193 China Max-Planck-Institutfür Quantenoptik GarchingD-85748 Germany Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H6 Canada Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Guelph GuelphONN1G 2W1 Canada Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo ONN2L 2Y5 Canada

Accurate and efficient control of quantum systems is one of the central challenges for quantum information processing. Current state-of-the-art experiments rarely go beyond 10 qubits and in most cases demonstrate only limited control. Here we demonstrate control of a 12-qubit system, and show that the system can be employed as a quantum processor to optimize its own control sequence by using measurement-based feedback control (MQFC). The final product is a control sequence for a complex 12-qubit task: preparation of a 12-coherent state. The control sequence is about 10% more accurate than the one generated by the standard (classical) technique, showing that MQFC can correct for unknown imperfections. Apart from demonstrating a high level of control over a relatively large system, our results show that even at the 12-qubit level, a quantum processor can be a useful lab instrument. As an extension of our work, we propose a method for combining the MQFC technique with a twirling protocol, to optimize the control sequence that produces a desired Clifford gate. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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25th Annual computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS-2016, Seogwipo City, South Korea, July 2-7, 2016 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROscience 2016年第1期17卷 1-112页

作者： [Anonymous] Computational Neurobiology Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies San Diego USA UNIC CNRS Gif sur Yvette France The European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN) Paris France ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Medicine (Neurology) University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Physics University of New Hampshire Durham USA Department of Neurophysiology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warsaw Poland Department of Theory Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Department of Mathematical Sciences KAIST Daejoen Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics University of Houston Houston USA Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology and Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering Rice University Houston USA Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston USA Grupo de Neurocomputación Biológica Dpto. de Ingeniería Informática Escuela Politécnica Superior Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles USA Center for Neuroscience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx USA Center for Neuroscience KIST Seoul South Korea Department of Neuroscience University of Science and Technology Daejon South Korea Systems Neuroscience Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Australia Department of Psychology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School Brockton USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkvil

A1 Functional advantages of cell-type heterogeneity in neural circuits Tatyana O. Sharpee A2 Mesoscopic modeling of propagating waves in visual cortex Alain Destexhe A3 Dynamics and biomarkers of mental disorders Mitsuo Kawato F1 Precise recruitment of spiking output at theta frequencies requires dendritic h-channels in multi-compartment models of oriens-lacunosum/moleculare hippocampal interneurons Vladislav Sekulić, Frances K. Skinner F2 Kernel methods in reconstruction of current sources from extracellular potentials for single cells and the whole brains Daniel K. Wójcik, Chaitanya Chintaluri, Dorottya Cserpán, Zoltán Somogyvári F3 The synchronized periods depend on intracellular transcriptional repression mechanisms in circadian clocks. Jae Kyoung Kim, Zachary P. Kilpatrick, Matthew R. Bennett, Kresimir Josić O1 Assessing irregularity and coordination of spiking-bursting rhythms in central pattern generators Irene Elices, David Arroyo, Rafael Levi, Francisco B. Rodriguez, Pablo Varona O2 Regulation of top-down processing by cortically-projecting parvalbumin positive neurons in basal forebrain Eunjin Hwang, Bowon Kim, Hio-Been Han, Tae Kim, James T. McKenna, Ritchie E. Brown, Robert W. McCarley, Jee Hyun Choi O3 Modeling auditory stream segregation, build-up and bistability James Rankin, Pamela Osborn Popp, John Rinzel O4 Strong competition between tonotopic neural ensembles explains pitch-related dynamics of auditory cortex evoked fields Alejandro Tabas, André Rupp, Emili Balaguer-Ballester O5 A simple model of retinal response to multi-electrode stimulation Matias I. Maturana, David B. Grayden, Shaun L. Cloherty, Tatiana Kameneva, Michael R. Ibbotson, Hamish Meffin O6 Noise correlations in V4 area correlate with behavioral performance in visual discrimination task Veronika Koren, Timm Lochmann, Valentin Dragoi, Klaus Obermayer O7 Input-location dependent gain modulation in cerebellar nucleus neurons Maria Psarrou, Maria Schilstra, Neil Davey, Benjamin Torben-Ni

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One-Sided Interface for Matrix Operations Using MPI-3 RMA: A Case Study with Elemental

One-Sided Interface for Matrix Operations Using MPI-3 RMA: A...

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International Conference on Parallel Processing (ICPP)

作者： Sayan Ghosh Jeff R. Hammond Antonio J. Peña Pavan Balaji Assefaw H. Gebremedhin Barbara Chapman School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Parallel Computing Lab Intel Corp. Portland OR USA Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion Barcelona ES Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA Institute for Advanced Computational Science Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

A one-sided programming model separates communication from synchronization, and is the driving principle behind partitioned global address space (PGAS) libraries such as Global Arrays (GA) and SHMEM. PGAS models expose a rich set of functionality that a developer needs in order to implement mathematical algorithms that require frequent multidimensional array accesses. However, use of existing PGAS libraries in application codes often requires significant development effort in order to fully exploit these programming models. On the other hand, a vast majority of scientific codes use MPI either directly or indirectly via third-party scientific computation libraries, and need features to support application-specific communication requirements (e.g., asynchronous update of distributed sparse matrices, commonly arising in machine learning workloads). For such codes it is often impractical to completely shift programming models in favor of special one-sided communication middleware. Instead, an elegant and productive solution is to exploit the one-sided functionality already offered by MPI-3 RMA (Remote Memory Access). We designed a general one-sided interface using the MPI-3 passive RMA model for remote matrix operations in the linear algebra library Elemental, we call the interface we designed RMAInterface. Elemental is an open source library for distributed-memory dense and sparse linear algebra and optimization. We employ RMAInterface to construct a Global Arrays-like API and demonstrate its performance scalability and competitivity with that of the existing GA (with ARMCI-MPI) for a quantum chemistry application.

关键词： Libraries Arrays Two dimensional displays computational modeling Matrices Data models

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Outcomes from the DOE workshop on turbulent flow simulation at the exascale 46

Outcomes from the DOE workshop on turbulent flow simulation ...

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46th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference, 2016

作者： Sprague, Michael A. Boldyrev, Stanislav Chang, Choong-Seock Fischer, Paul Grout, Ray Gustafson, William I. Hittinger, Jeffrey A. F. Merzari, Elia Moser, Robert National Renewable Energy Laboratory 15013 DenverWest Parkway GoldenCO80401 United States University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Princeton University PrincetonNJ08543 United States University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO80401 United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99352 United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94551 United States Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIL60439 United States University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Computational Science Center 15013 DenverWest Parkway United States Physics Department 1150 University Avenue United States Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory P.O. Box 451 United States Department of Computer Science 201 North Goodwin Avenue United States Computational Science Center 5013 Denver West Parkway United States Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division P.O. Box 999 K9-30 United States Scientific Computing Group Center for Applied Scientific Computing PO Box 808 L-561 United States Mathematics and Computer Science 9700 S. Cass Avenue United States Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences and Department of Mechanical Engineering 201 East 24th United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624104367

ISBN: (纸本)9781624104367

This paper summarizes the outcomes from the Turbulent Flow Simulation at the Exascale: Opportunities and Challenges Workshop, which was held 4-5 August 2015, and was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Advanced Scientific computing Research (ASCR). The workshop objectives were to define and describe the challenges and opportunities that computing at the exascale will bring to turbulent-flow simulations in applied science and technology. The need for accurate simulation of turbulent flows is evident across the DOE applied-science and engineering portfolios, including combustion, plasma physics, nuclear-reactor physics, wind energy, and atmospheric science. The work-shop brought together experts in turbulent-flow simulation, computational mathematics, and high-performance computing. Building upon previous ASCR workshops on exascale computing, participants defined a research agenda and path forward that will enable scientists and engineers to continually leverage, engage, and direct advances in computational systems on the path to exascale computing. © 2016, American institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Turbulent flow

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A Contract-Based Incentive Mechanism for Crowdsourced Wireless Community Networks

A Contract-Based Incentive Mechanism for Crowdsourced Wirele...

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International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks

作者： Qian Ma Lin Gao Ya-Feng Liu Jianwei Huang the Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin NT Hong Kong the School of Electronic and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School China the State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509013128

Crowdsourced wireless community networks enable individual users to share their private Wi-Fi access points (APs) with each other, hence can achieve a large Wi-Fi coverage with a low deployment cost. This paper presents the first Wi-Fi sharing mechanism design for the community network operator under incomplete information, where the quality of each user-provided Wi-Fi access is his private information. Specifically, we propose a contract-based incentive mechanism, where the operator offers a set of contract items to users, each consisting of a Wi-Fi access price (that a user can charge others who access his AP) and a subscription fee (that a user needs to pay the operator). Different from prior contract mechanisms for wireless networks, here each user's best contract choice depends not only on his private information, but also on other users' choices. This greatly complicates the contract design, as the operator needs to analyze the equilibrium choices of all users, rather than the best choice of each single user. We derive the feasible contract that guarantees the user participation and truthful information disclosure under the equilibrium. Our analysis shows that a higher type user (who provides a higher quality access) is more likely to choose a higher price and subscription fee. Simulation results further show that when increasing the ratio of higher type users in the system, the operator can gain more profit, while counter-intuitively, offering lower prices and subscription fees for all users.

关键词： community system subscription

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A multi-scale geometric flow method for molecular structure reconstruction

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computational science and Discovery 2015年第1期8卷

作者： Xu, Guoliang Li, Ming Chen, Chong State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing100190 China

We have previously reported an L2-gradient flow (L2GF) method for cryo-electron tomography and single-particle reconstruction, which has a reasonably good performance. The aim of this paper is to further upgrade both the computational efficiency and accuracy of the L2GF method. In a finite-dimensional space spanned by the radial basis functions, a minimization problem combining a fourth-order geometric flow with an energy decreasing constraint is solved by a bi-gradient method. The bi-gradient method involves a free parameter As β increases from 0 to 1, the structures of the reconstructed function from coarse to fine are captured. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields more desirable results. © 2015 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Gradient methods

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Web Interface for Continuum Modeling of Molecular Solvation and Ion Transport

Web Interface for Continuum Modeling of Molecular Solvation ...

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2015欧亚经济论坛-2015第五届国际纳米科技大会

作者： Benzhuo Lu Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Continuum models(implicit solvent models) are widely applied to simulating molecular solvation and ionic transport in wide ion channels.A web-based graphical user interface(GUI) is presented for simulations of Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatics and Poisson-Nernst-Planck electrodiffusion of ion transport in channel proteins or *** webserver is designed to help users avoid most of the technical difficulties encountered in setting up and simulating complex ***-based 3D finite element/boundary element simulation platforms are built for these simulations,as well as design of *** the case of nanopore,the volume tetrahedral mesh is automatically generated on a web interface through typing a series of parameters describing the nanopore,such as the upper and lower pore radius,membrane thickness and box *** pore can carry surface charge density described as a given *** solvation energies,and the ionic concentration and electric potential profiles,and ionic current in the channel/pore cases can be *** are given for different types of simulations.

关键词： Web Interface for Continuum Modeling of Molecular Solvation and Ion Transport

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Double Nyström method: An efficient and accurate Nyström scheme for large-scale data sets 32

Double Nyström method: An efficient and accurate Nyström s...

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32nd International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2015

作者： Lim, Woosang Kim, Minhwan Park, Haesun Jung, Kyomin School of Computing KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of LG Electronics Seoul Korea Republic of School of Computational Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510810587

The Nyström method has been one of the most effective techniques for kernel-based approach that scales well to large data sets. Since its introduction, there has been a large body of work that improves the approximation accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency. In this paper, we present a novel Nyström method that improves both accuracy and efficiency based on a new theoretical analysis. We first provide a generalized sampling scheme, CAPS, that minimizes a novel error bound based on the subspace distance. We then present our double Nyström method that reduces the size of the decomposition in two stages. We show that our method is highly efficient and accurate compared to other state-of-the-art Nyström methods by evaluating them on a number of real data sets. Copyright © 2015 by the author(s).

关键词： computational efficiency

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