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Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of biomaterials: A simultaneous measurement technique

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 1977年第3期99卷 148-154页

作者： Balasubramaniam, T.A. Bowman, H.F. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA United States

A technique is presented for the simultaneous determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of biomaterials. Measurements are derived from the transient power supplied to a thermistor probe operated in a self-heated mode. The thermal properties are extracted through the use of an appropriate thermal model. Thermal conductivity is determined through a simple algebraic equation. Thermal diffusivity is determined from a convenient set of nondimensionalized curves. The technique can be used in vivo and in vitro. Measurements can be made in sample volumes of less than 1 cc in less than 80 s. © 1977 by ASME.

关键词： Biomaterials Thermal diffusivity Probes Thermal properties Thermal conductivity Algebra Transients (Dynamics)

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Kinetic and Equilibrium Cluster-Size Distributions of Antibody-Antigen-Induced Colloidal Aggregation

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2012年第1期367卷 435-440页

作者： Derin A. Sherman Richard J. Cohen Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Cambridge USA

Our colloidal system is composed of antigens covalently coupled to polystyrene microspheres. When monoclonal antibodies are added to solution, they reversibly bind to the antigens causing aggregation. Unlike many other similar systems, our system is thermodynamicallyreversible: the aggregates will dissociate in the presence of free antigen, and the aggregation process reaches a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. This system is of interest as it can be used to model many different chemical, physical and biological processes. In particular, this system can be used to quantify the interactions between the biomoleculesattached to the microspheres1 and also to explore the statistical mechanics of reversible particle aggregation.

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Clinical applications of optical coherence tomography for imaging diagnostics

Clinical applications of optical coherence tomography for im...

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Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference, LAOP 2016

作者： Uribe-Patarroyo, Néstor Villiger, Martin Bouma, Brett E. Wellman Center for Photomedicine Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital 40 Blossom Street BostonMA02114 United States Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

We present our latest developments in optical coherence tomography to complement tissue morphology information with molecular specificity and functional information in intravascular clinical applications, including ad... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580163

关键词： Optical tomography

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Large scale Kalman filtering solutions to the electrophysiological source localization problem- A MEG case study

Large scale Kalman filtering solutions to the electrophysiol...

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28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'06

作者： Long, C.J. Purdon, P.L. Temereanca, S. Desai, N.U. Hämäläinen, M. Brown, E.N. MGH/MIT/HMS Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Bldg 149 13 Street Charlestown MA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology MIT Cambridge MA Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences MIT Cambridge MA

ISBN: (纸本)1424400325

Computational solutions to the high-dimensional Kalman Filtering problem are described in the setting of the MEG inverse problem. The overall objective of the described work is to localize and estimate dynamic brain activity from observed extraneous magnetic fields recorded at an array of sensor positions on the scalp and to do so in a manner that takes advantage of the true underlying statistical continuity in the current sources. To this end, we outline inverse mapping procedures that combine models of current dipoles with dynamic state-space estimation algorithms. While these algorithms are eminently well-suited to this class of dynamic inverse problems, they possess computational limitations that need to be addressed either by approximation or through the use of high performance computational resources. In this work we describe such a High Performance Computing (HPC) solution to the Kalman filter and demonstrate its applicability to the Magnetoencephalography (MEG) inverse problem. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Computational methods

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Discriminating tissue stiffness with a haptic catheter: Feeling the inside of the beating heart

Discriminating tissue stiffness with a haptic catheter: Feel...

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2011 IEEE World Haptics Conference, WHC 2011

作者： Kesner, Samuel B. Howe, Robert D. Harvard School of Eng. and Applied Sciences 29 Oxford St. Cambridge MA 02138 United States Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702976

Catheter devices allow physicians to access the inside of the human body easily and painlessly through natural orifices and vessels. Although catheters allow for the delivery of fluids and drugs, the deployment of devices, and the acquisition of the measurements, they do not allow clinicians to assess the physical properties of tissue inside the body due to the tissue motion and transmission limitations of the catheter devices, including compliance, friction, and backlash. The goal of this research is to increase the tactile information available to physicians during catheter procedures by providing haptic feedback during palpation procedures. To accomplish this goal, we have developed the first motion compensated actuated catheter system that enables haptic perception of fast moving tissue structures. The actuated catheter is instrumented with a distal tip force sensor and a force feedback interface that allows users to adjust the position of the catheter while experiencing the forces on the catheter tip. The efficacy of this device and interface is evaluated through a psychophyisical study comparing how accurately users can differentiate various materials attached to a cardiac motion simulator using the haptic device and a conventional manual catheter. The results demonstrate that haptics improves a user's ability to differentiate material properties and decreases the total number of errors by 50% over the manual catheter system. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Catheters

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Efficient dispersion modeling in optical multimode fiber

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第2期12卷 194-206页

作者： Szu-Yu Lee Vicente J.Parot Brett E.Bouma Martin Villiger Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Wellman Center for PhotomedicineBostonMA 02114USA Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02140USA Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiago 7820244Chile institute for Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02140USA

Dispersion remains an enduring challenge for the characterization of wavelength-dependent transmission through optical multimode fiber(MMF).Beyond a small spectral correlation width,a change in wavelength elicits a seemingly independent distribution of the transmitted *** we report on a parametric dispersion model that describes mode mixing in MMF as an exponential map and extends the concept of principal modes to describe the fiber's spectrally resolved transmission matrix(TM).We present computational methods to fit the model to measurements at only a few,judiciously selected,discrete *** validate the model in various MMF and demonstrate an accurate estimation of the full TM across a broad spectral bandwidth,approaching the bandwidth of the best-performing principal modes,and exceeding the original spectral correlation width by more than two orders of *** model allows us to conveniently study the spectral behavior of principal modes,and obviates the need for dense spectral measurements,enabling highly effcient reconstruction of the multispectral TM of MMF.

关键词： fiber optical dispersion

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SAMPLING - A CRITICAL PROBLEM IN BIOSENSING

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MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING 1990年第3期28卷 B3-B9页

作者： WEAVER, JC Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA

Biosensing is widely recognised to be of potentially major importance to medicine and related fields, but in spite of a large number of impressive and important advances, widespread practical application has lagged. We examine the thesis that 'sampling' is a process which involves all of the phenomena which are associated with the transport of analyte molecules to the active sensor site, and that problems associated with this process are now the limiting factor in further use of many existing biosensors. We conclude that an integrated process of sampling and sensing should be emphasised in developing new biosensing systems, and propose several new approaches.

关键词： ANALYTE TRANSPORT BIOSENSOR CELL GROWTH CELL SECRETION DIFFUSION GEL MICRODROPLET INVASIVE SENSOR SAMPLING SAMPLING PROCESS THERMAL DIFFUSION PROBE

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ENIGMA-Meditation: Worldwide Consortium for Neuroscientific Investigations of Meditation Practices

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Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging 2025年第4期10卷 425-436页

作者： Ganesan, Saampras Barrios, Fernando A. Batta, Ishaan Bauer, Clemens C.C. Braver, Todd S. Brewer, Judson A. Brown, Kirk Warren Cahn, Rael Cain, Joshua A. Calhoun, Vince D. Cao, Lei Chetelat, Gaël Ching, Christopher R.K. Creswell, J. David Dagnino, Paulina Clara Davanger, Svend Davidson, Richard J. Deco, Gustavo Dutcher, Janine M. Escrichs, Anira Eyler, Lisa T. Fani, Negar Farb, Norman A.S. Fialoke, Suruchi Fresco, David M. Garg, Rahul Garland, Eric L. Goldin, Philippe Hafeman, Danella M. Jahanshad, Neda Kang, Yoona Khalsa, Sahib S. Kirlic, Namik Lazar, Sara W. Lutz, Antoine McDermott, Timothy J. Pagnoni, Giuseppe Piguet, Camille Prakash, Ruchika S. Rahrig, Hadley Reggente, Nicco Saccaro, Luigi F. Sacchet, Matthew D. Siegle, Greg J. Tang, Yi-Yuan Thomopoulos, Sophia I. Thompson, Paul M. Torske, Alyssa Treves, Isaac N. Tripathi, Vaibhav Tsuchiyagaito, Aki Turner, Matthew D. Vago, David R. Valk, Sofie Zeidan, Fadel Zalesky, Andrew Turner, Jessica A. King, Anthony P. Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Melbourne Carlton VIC Australia Contemplative Studies Centre Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Systems Lab of Neuroscience Neuropsychiatry and Neuroengineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Neurobiolgía México Querétaro Mexico Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science: Georgia State University Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University Atlanta GA United States Department of Psychology Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts Brain and Cognitive Science McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Washington University St. Louis Missouri Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States University of Southern California Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Los Angeles California University of Southern California Center for Mindfulness Science Los Angeles California Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies Santa Monica California Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH United States Normandie University Université de Caen Normandie INSERM U1237 Neuropresage Team Cyceron Caen France Imaging Genetics Center Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles California Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center VA San Diego Healthcare System San Diego California Computational Neuroscience Group Center for Brain and Cognition Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu Fa

Meditation is a family of ancient and contemporary contemplative mind-body practices that can modulate psychological processes, awareness, and mental states. Over the last 40 years, clinical science has manualized meditation practices and designed various meditation interventions that have shown therapeutic efficacy for disorders including depression, pain, addiction, and anxiety. Over the past decade, neuroimaging has been used to examine the neuroscientific basis of meditation practices, effects, states, and outcomes for clinical and nonclinical populations. However, the generalizability and replicability of current neuroscientific models of meditation have not yet been established, because they are largely based on small datasets entrenched with heterogeneity along several domains of meditation (e.g., practice types, meditation experience, clinical disorder targeted), experimental design, and neuroimaging methods (e.g., preprocessing, analysis, task-based, resting-state, structural magnetic resonance imaging). These limitations have precluded a nuanced and rigorous neuroscientific phenotyping of meditation practices and their potential benefits. Here, we present ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis)–Meditation, the first worldwide collaborative consortium for neuroscientific investigations of meditation practices. ENIGMA-Meditation will enable systematic meta- and mega-analyses of globally distributed neuroimaging datasets of meditation using shared, standardized neuroimaging methods and tools to improve statistical power and generalizability. Through this powerful collaborative framework, existing neuroscientific accounts of meditation practices can be extended to generate novel and rigorous neuroscientific insights that account for multidomain heterogeneity. ENIGMA-Meditation will inform neuroscientific mechanisms that underlie therapeutic action of meditation practices on psychological and cognitive attributes, thereby advancing the f

关键词： Consortium ENIGMA Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Meditation Mindfulness Neuroimaging

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Hering's opponent-colors theory fails a key test in a non-Western culture 44

Hering's opponent-colors theory fails a key test in a non-We...

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44th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Cognitive Diversity, CogSci 2022

作者： Conway, Bevil R. Malik-Moraleda, Saima Gibson, Edward Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research National Eye Institute National Institute of Mental Health Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology Harvard University United States Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences MIT

Opponent Colors Theory advances that four colors have special status and are yoked in opponent fashion (yellow-versus-blue, and red-versus-green). Classic hue cancelation studies provide evidence for this theory: people readily pick out colors that are neither red nor green, usually yellow. Here we conducted a version of a hue-cancelation experiment with the Tsimane' people, a nonindustrialized culture in the Amazon. Tsimane' speakers readily identified reddish and greenish color chips, but they showed idiosyncratic choices when asked to identify a color that is neither reddish nor greenish, unlike English speakers who consistently select focal yellow. The Tsimane' participants who also spoke Spanish and had a consistent label for English "yellow" ("amarillo"), performed similarly to the Tsimane' monolinguals, suggesting that simply having a label for "yellow" is not sufficient to explain the consistency of English speakers. The results add to a growing body of evidence that does not support Opponent Colors Theory. © 2022 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY)

关键词： Color

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The PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2010: Mind the gap

The PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2010: Mind t...

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作者： Moody, George B. Harvard/MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT E25-505A Cambridge MA 02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424473182

Participants in the 11th annual PhysioNet/CinC Challenge were asked to reconstruct, using any combination of available prior and concurrent information, 30-second segments of ECG, continuous blood pressure waveforms, respiration, and other signals that had been removed from recordings of patients in intensive care units. Fifteen of the 53 participants provided reconstructions for the entire test set of 100 ten-minute recordings. The mean correlation between the segments that had been removed (the "target signals") and the reconstructions produced using the two most successful methods is 0.9, and the sum of the squared residual errors in these reconstructions is less than 20% of the energy of the target signals. Sources for the most successful methods developed for this challenge have been made available by their authors to support research on robust estimation of parameters derived from unreliable signals, detection of changes in patient state, and recognition of signal corruption.

关键词： Intensive care units

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