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Should workers be physically active after work?Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels-An individual participant data meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2025年第1期14卷 49-60页

作者： Bart Cillekens Pieter Coenen Maaike A.Huysmans Andreas Holtermann Richard P.Troiano Paul Jarle Mork Steinar Krokstad Els Clays Dirk De Bacquer Mette Aadahl Line Lund Kårhus Anette Sjøl Lars Bo Andersen Jussi Kauhanen Ari Voutilainen Richard Pulsford Emmanuel Stamatakis Uri Goldbourt Annette Peters Barbara Thorand Annika Rosengren Lena Björck Kyle Sprow Kristin Franzon Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco Leila Luján-Barroso Lars Alfredsson Martin Bahls Till Ittermann Miriam Wanner Matthias Bopp Jacob Louis Marott Peter Schnohr Børge G.Nordestgaarda Knut Eirik Dalene Ulf Ekelund Johan Clausen Magnus T.Jensen Christina Bjørk Petersen Niklas Krause Jos Twisk Willem van Mechelen Allard J.van der Beek Department of Public and Occupational Health Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam UMCAmsterdam 1081 HVthe Netherlands National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen 2100Denmark Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark U.S.Public Health Service ArlingtonVA 22201USA Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim 8905Norway Levanger Hospital Nord-Trøndelag Hospital TrustLevanger 7601Norway Department of Public Health and Primary Care Ghent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium Center for Clinical Research and Prevention Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg HospitalFrederiksberg 2000Denmark The Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen 1172Denmark Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Faculty of EducationArts and SportsSogndal 5414Norway Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition University of Eastern FinlandKuopio 1627Finland Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of ExeterExeter EX12LUUK Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyNSW 2050Australia School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneyNSW 2050Australia Sackler Medical faculty in Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 6997801Israel Institute of Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenGerman Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg 85764Germany German Centre for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK e.V.) partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunich 80636Germany Institute for Medical Information Processing Biometryand Epidemiology(IBE)Pettenkofer School of Public HealthFaculty of MedicineLudwig-Maximilians-UniversitätMunich 80636Germany Institute of Medicine Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Region Västra Götaland Sahlgrenska University HospitalDepartment of Medicine Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine/ÖstraGothenb

Background There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity *** study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity *** This study utilized individual participant data from 21 cohort studies,comprising both published and unpublished *** criteria included individual-level data on leisure-time and occupational physical activity(categorized as sedentary,low,moderate,and high)along with data on all-cause and/or cardiovascular mortality.A 2-stage individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted,with separate analysis of each study using Cox proportional hazards models(Stage 1).These results were combined using random-effects models(Stage 2).Results Higher leisure-time physical activity levels were associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk across most occupational physical activity levels,for both males and *** males with sedentary work,high compared to sedentary leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower all-cause(hazard ratios(HR)=0.77,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.70-0.85)and cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.76,95%CI:0.66-0.87)*** males with high levels of occupational physical activity,high compared to sedentary leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower all-cause(HR=0.84,95%CI:0.74-0.97)and cardiovascular mortality(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.60-1.04)risk,while HRs for low and moderate levels of leisure-time physical activity ranged between 0.87 and 0.97 and were not statistically *** females,most effects were similar but more imprecise,especially in the higher occupational physical activity *** Higher levels of leisure-time physical activity were generally associated with lower mortality ***,results for workers with moderate and high

关键词： Mortality Individual participant data Physical activity paradox Job demands

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Atlas of Gray Matter Volume Differences Across Psychiatric Conditions: A Systematic Review With a Novel Meta-Analysis That Considers Co-Occurring Disorders

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Biological Psychiatry 2025年第1期98卷 76-90页

作者： Fortea, Lydia Ortuño, Maria De Prisco, Michele Oliva, Vincenzo Albajes-Eizagirre, Anton Fortea, Adriana Madero, Santiago Solanes, Aleix Vilajosana, Enric Yao, Yuanwei Del Fabro, Lorenzo Solé, Eduard Verdolini, Norma Farré-Colomés, Alvar Serra-Blasco, Maria Picó-Pérez, Maria Lukito, Steve Wise, Toby Carlisi, Christina Arnone, Danilo Kempton, Matthew J. Hauson, Alexander Omar Wollman, Scott Soriano-Mas, Carles Rubia, Katya Norman, Luke Fusar-Poli, Paolo Mataix-Cols, David Valentí, Marc Via, Esther Cardoner, Narcis Solmi, Marco Zhang, Jintao Pan, Pinglei Shin, Jae Il Fullana, Miquel A. Vieta, Eduard Radua, Joaquim Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer Barcelona Spain Department of Medicine University of Barcelona Institute of Neuroscience Barcelona Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit Hospital Clínic Barcelona Spain Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy Psychiatric and Psychology Service Hospital Clínic Barcelona Spain Schizophrenia Unit Hospital Clínic Barcelona Spain Department of Psychology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Systems Neuroscience University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg Germany Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy Local Health Unit Umbria 1 Department of Mental Health Mental Health Center of Perugia Perugia Italy Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty of Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany eHealth ICOnnecta't Program and Psycho-Oncology Service Institut Català d'Oncologia L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain Psycho-oncology and Digital Health Group Health Services Research in Cancer Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge L'Hospitalet del Llobregat Spain Live and Health Sciences Research Institute University of Minho Braga Portugal ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory Guimarães Braga Portugal Departamento de Psicología Básica Universitat Jaume I Castelló de la Plana Spain Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience King's College London London United Kingdom Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neurosciences King's College London London United Kingdom Division of Psychology and Language Sciences University College London London United Kingdom Centre for Affective Disorders Psychological Medicine King's College London Londo

Background: Regional gray matter volume (GMV) differences between individuals with mental disorders and comparison participants may be confounded by co-occurring disorders. To disentangle disorder-specific GMV correlates, we conducted a large-scale multidisorder meta-analysis using a novel approach that explicitly models co-occurring disorders. Methods: We systematically reviewed voxel-based morphometry studies indexed in PubMed and Scopus up to January 2023 that compared adults with major mental disorders (anorexia nervosa, schizophrenia spectrum, anxiety, bipolar, major depressive, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders plus attention-deficit/hyperactivity, autism spectrum, and borderline personality disorders) with comparison participants. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We derived GMV correlates for each disorder using: 1) a multidisorder meta-analysis that accounted for all co-occurring mental disorders simultaneously and 2) separate standard meta-analyses for each disorder in which co-occurring disorders were ignored. We assessed the alterations’ extent, intensity (effect size), and specificity (interdisorder correlations and transdiagnostic alterations) for both approaches. Results: We included 433 studies (499 datasets) involving 19,718 patients and 16,441 comparison participants (51% female, ages 20–67 years). We provide GMV correlate maps for each disorder using both approaches. The novel approach, which accounted for co-occurring disorders, produced GMV correlates that were more focal and disorder specific (less correlated across disorders and fewer transdiagnostic abnormalities). Conclusions: This work offers the most comprehensive atlas of GMV correlates across major mental disorders. Modeling co-occurring disorders yielded more specific correlates, supporting this approach's validity. The atlas NIfTI maps are available online. © 2024 Society of Biological Psychiatry

关键词： Anxiety disorders Comorbidity Gray matter volume Major depressive disorder Meta-analysis Psychiatric conditions

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Ending tuberculosis in a post-COVID-19 world: a person-centred, equity-oriented approach

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The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期23卷 e59-e66页

作者： Ryckman, Theresa Robsky, Katherine Cilloni, Lucia Zawedde-Muyanja, Stella Ananthakrishnan, Ramya Kendall, Emily A Shrestha, Sourya Turyahabwe, Stavia Katamba, Achilles Dowdy, David W Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD United States Uganda Tuberculosis Implementation Research Consortium Kampala Uganda Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit Department of Medicine Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda The Infectious Diseases Institute Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda Resource Group for Education and Advocacy for Community Health Chennai India Center for Tuberculosis Research Division of Infectious Diseases Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD United States National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program Kampala Uganda

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted systems of care for infectious diseases—including tuberculosis—and has exposed pervasive inequities that have long marred efforts to combat these diseases. The resulting health disparities often intersect at the individual and community levels in ways that heighten vulnerability to tuberculosis. Effective responses to tuberculosis (and other infectious diseases) must respond to these realities. Unfortunately, current tuberculosis programmes are generally not designed from the perspectives of affected individuals and fail to address structural determinants of health disparities. We describe a person-centred, equity-oriented response that would identify and focus on communities affected by disparities, tailor interventions to the mechanisms by which disparities worsen tuberculosis, and address upstream determinants of those disparities. We detail four key elements of the approach (data collection, programme design, implementation, and sustainability). We then illustrate how organisations at multiple levels might partner and adapt current practices to incorporate these elements. Such an approach could generate more substantial, sustainable, and equitable reductions in tuberculosis burden at the community level, highlighting the urgency of restructuring post-COVID-19 health systems in a more person-centred, equity-oriented way. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

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Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk (vol 30, pg 349, 2021)

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2022年第5期30卷 630-631页

作者： Dareng, Eileen O. Tyrer, Jonathan P. Barnes, Daniel R. Jones, Michelle R. Yang, Xin Aben, Katja K. H. Adank, Muriel A. Agata, Simona Andrulis, Irene L. Anton-Culver, Hoda Antonenkova, Natalia N. Aravantinos, Gerasimos Arun, Banu K. Augustinsson, Annelie Balmana, Judith Bandera, Elisa V. Barkardottir, Rosa B. Barrowdale, Daniel Beckmann, Matthias W. Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia Benitez, Javier Bermisheva, Marina Bernardini, Marcus Q. Bjorge, Line Black, Amanda Bogdanova, Natalia V. Bonanni, Bernardo Borg, Ake Brenton, James D. Budzilowska, Agnieszka Butzow, Ralf Buys, Saundra S. Cai, Hui Caligo, Maria A. Campbell, Ian Cannioto, Rikki Cassingham, Hayley Chang-Claude, Jenny Chanock, Stephen J. Chen, Kexin Chiew, Yoke-Eng Chung, Wendy K. Claes, Kathleen B. M. Colonna, Sarah Cook, Linda S. Couch, Fergus J. Daly, Mary B. Dao, Fanny Davies, Eleanor de la Hoya, Miguel de Putter, Robin Dennis, Joe DePersia, Allison Devilee, Peter Diez, Orland Ding, Yuan Chun Doherty, Jennifer A. Domchek, Susan M. Dork, Thilo du Bois, Andreas Durst, Matthias Eccles, Diana M. Eliassen, Heather A. Engel, Christoph Evans, Gareth D. Fasching, Peter A. Flanagan, James M. Fortner, Renee T. Machackova, Eva Friedman, Eitan Ganz, Patricia A. Garber, Judy Gensini, Francesca Giles, Graham G. Glendon, Gord Godwin, Andrew K. Goodman, Marc T. Greene, Mark H. Gronwald, Jacek Hahnen, Eric Haiman, Christopher A. Hakansson, Niclas Hamann, Ute Hansen, Thomas V. O. Harris, Holly R. Hartman, Mikael Heitz, Florian Hildebrandt, Michelle A. T. Hogdall, Estrid Hogdall, Claus K. Hopper, John L. Huang, Ruea-Yea Huff, Chad Hulick, Peter J. Huntsman, David G. Imyanitov, Evgeny N. Isaacs, Claudine Jakubowska, Anna James, Paul A. Janavicius, Ramunas Jensen, Allan Johannsson, Oskar Th. John, Esther M. Jones, Michael E. Kang, Daehee Karlan, Beth Y. Karnezis, Anthony Kelemen, Linda E. Khusnutdinova, Elza Kiemeney, Lambertus A. Kim, Byoung-Gie Kjaer, Susanne K. Komenaka, Ian Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta Kurian, Allison W. Kwong, Ava Lambrechts, Diether Larson, Melissa C. Lazaro, Conxi L University of Cambridge Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and Primary Care Cambridge UK University of Cambridge Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Oncology Cambridge UK Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA USA Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences Nijmegen The Netherlands Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation Utrecht The Netherlands The Netherlands Cancer Institute—Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital Family Cancer Clinic Amsterdam The Netherlands Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit Padua Italy Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics Toronto ON Canada University of Toronto Department of Molecular Genetics Toronto ON Canada University of California Irvine Department of Epidemiology Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute Irvine CA USA N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology Minsk Belarus ‘Agii Anargiri’ Cancer Hospital Athens Greece University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Breast Medical Oncology Houston TX USA Lund University Department of Cancer Epidemiology Clinical Sciences Lund Sweden Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology Hereditary cancer Genetics Group Barcelona Spain University Hospital of Vall d’Hebron Department of Medical Oncology Barcelona Spain Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Cancer Prevention and Control Program New Brunswick NJ USA Landspitali University Hospital Department of Pathology Reykjavik Iceland University of Iceland BMC (Biomedical Centre) Faculty of Medicine Reykjavik Iceland University Hospital Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN Erlangen Germany Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Division of Epidemiology Department

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, “select and shrink for summary statistics” (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestries; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestries; 1,072 women of African ancestries, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestries. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28–1.48, AUC: 0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestries; 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08–1.19, AUC: 0.538) in women of East Asian ancestries; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.21–1.58, AUC: 0.593) in women of African ancestries; hazard ratios of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.29–1.43, AUC: 0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.35–1.64, AUC: 0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs.

关键词： clinical genetics Genetic markers Risk factors Biomedicine general Human Genetics Bioinformatics Gene Expression Cytogenetics

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Power analyses for stepped wedge designs with multivariate continuous outcomes

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Davis-Plourde, Kendra Taljaard, Monica Li, Fan Department of Biostatistics Yale School of Public Health New HavenCT United States Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New HavenCT United States Center for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science Yale School of Public Health New HavenCT United States Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa Canada School of Epidemiology and Public Heath University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

Multivariate outcomes are common in pragmatic cluster randomized trials. While sample size calculation procedures for multivariate outcomes exist under parallel assignment, none have been developed for a stepped wedge design. In this article, we present computationally efficient power and sample size procedures for stepped wedge cluster randomized trials (SW-CRTs) with multivariate outcomes that differentiate the within-period and between-period intracluster correlation coefficients (ICCs). Under a multivariate linear mixed model, we derive the joint distribution of the intervention test statistics which can be used for determining power under different hypotheses and provide an example using the commonly utilized intersection-union test for co-primary outcomes. Simplifications under a common treatment effect and common ICCs across endpoints and an extension to closed cohort designs are also provided. Finally, under the common ICC across endpoints assumption, we formally prove that the multivariate linear mixed model leads to a more efficient treatment effect estimator compared to the univariate linear mixed model, providing a rigorous justification on the use of the former with multivariate outcomes. We illustrate application of the proposed methods using data from an existing SW-CRT and present extensive simulations to validate the methods. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Genetically predicted circulating concentrations of micronutrients and risk of colorectal cancer among individuals of European descent: a Mendelian randomization study (vol 113, pg 1490, 2021)

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF clinical NUTRITION 2021年第6期113卷 1715-1715页

作者： Tsilidis, K. K. Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology University of Ioannina School of Medicine Ioannina Greece Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Section of Nutrition and Metabolism International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon France Department of Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Department of Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit School of Clinical Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health The University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX USA Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Division of Human Nutrition and Health Wageningen University & Research Wageningen Netherlands Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute NIH Bethesda MD USA Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Medical Genetics Service University Hospital Center (CHU) Nantes Nantes France Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Population Health Sciences University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Institute for Health Research Kaiser Permanente Colorado Denver CO USA Be

Background The literature on associations of circulating concentrations of minerals and vitamins with risk of colorectal cancer is limited and inconsistent. Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to support the efficacy of dietary modification or nutrient supplementation for colorectal cancer prevention is also *** To complement observational and RCT findings, we investigated associations of genetically predicted concentrations of 11 micronutrients (β-carotene, calcium, copper, folate, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, selenium, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, and zinc) with colorectal cancer risk using Mendelian randomization (MR).Methods Two-sample MR was conducted using 58,221 individuals with colorectal cancer and 67,694 controls from the Genetics and epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Colorectal Cancer Transdisciplinary Study, and Colon Cancer Family Registry. Inverse variance-weighted MR analyses were performed with sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of potential violations of MR *** Nominally significant associations were noted for genetically predicted iron concentration and higher risk of colon cancer [ORs per SD (ORSD): 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.17; P value = 0.05] and similarly for proximal colon cancer, and for vitamin B-12 concentration and higher risk of colorectal cancer (ORSD: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.21; P value = 0.01) and similarly for colon cancer. A nominally significant association was also noted for genetically predicted selenium concentration and lower risk of colon cancer (ORSD: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.00; P value = 0.05) and similarly for distal colon cancer. These associations were robust to sensitivity analyses. Nominally significant inverse associations were observed for zinc and risk of colorectal and distal colon cancers, but sensitivity analyses could not be performed. None of these findings survived correction for multiple testing. Genetically predicted concentrations of β-carotene, calcium, c

关键词： Mendelian randomization genes nutrition supplements colorectal cancer

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Journal of Inflammation research 2021年 14卷 1437-1445页

作者： Chen, Wen Mo’Ez Al-Islam, E. Luigi, Faris Nicola Haifa, Bragazzi Algahtani, M.S. Jahrami, Zahra Saif Ahmed Shivappa, Nitin Hebert, James R. Jahrami, Haitham Department of Psychiatry Xiamen Xianyue Hospital Xiamen 361000 China Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics College of Health Sciences/Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS) University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM) Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University Toronto ON Canada College of Medicine and Medical Sciences Arabian Gulf University Manama Bahrain Renewal and Reward Center Dammam Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health Manama Bahrain Bahraini Association for Intellectual Disabilities and Autism Sanad Bahrain Cancer Prevention and Control Program University of South Carolina Columbia 29208 SC United States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC United States

Purpose: This case-control study aimed to examine the association between the inflammation potential of the diet and depression. Patients and Methods: Ninety-six patients with major depression disorder were matched with 96 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII™) scores were calculated based on the participants’ responses to a detailed nutritional assessment using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive results were reported. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with E-DII scores and depression adjusting for covariates including age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, level of education, and employment. Results: The mean E-DII score of participants in the study was 1.32±1.08, indicating a generally pro-inflammatory diet. Patients with depression had elevated E-DII scores compared to age-and sex-matched controls with E-DII scores of 1.72± 1.09 vs 0.90±0.90, respectively (P=0.001). Results of logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with depression were nearly three times more likely to be in the extreme ends of pro-inflammatory diet (OR 2.75;95% CI 1.82–4.15). Conclusion: Adult Bahraini patients with depression have higher dietary inflammation potential compared to the general population controls. Further research is needed to confirm these results and provide effective interventions to reduce the burden of this dietary inflammation. © 2021 Chen et al.

关键词： Arabian population groups Case-control study Depression Inflammation Mental health

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Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas

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Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) 2021年第9期74卷 790-799页

作者： Matthew J. Page Joanne E. McKenzie Patrick M. Bossuyt Isabelle Boutron Tammy C. Hoffmann Cynthia D. Mulrow Larissa Shamseer Jennifer M. Tetzlaff Elie A. Akl Sue E. Brennan Roger Chou Julie Glanville Jeremy M. Grimshaw Asbjørn Hróbjartsson Manoj M. Lalu Tianjing Li Elizabeth W. Loder Evan Mayo-Wilson David Moher School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Australia Department of Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Amsterdam University Medical Centres University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Países Bajos Université de Paris Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS) Inserm F 75004 Paris Francia Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Australia University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas Estados Unidos Annals of Internal Medicine Knowledge Translation Program Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute Toronto Canadá School of Epidemiology and Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada Evidence Partners Ottawa Canadá Clinical Research Institute American University of Beirut Beirut Líbano Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canadá Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregón Estados Unidos York Health Economics Consortium (YHEC Ltd) University of York York Reino Unido Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa Canadá School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Canadá Department of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa Canadá Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense Odense University Hospital Odense Dinamarca Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Dinamarca Open Patient data Explorative Network Odense University Hospital Odense Dinamarca Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa Canadá Clinical Epidemiology Program Blueprint Translational Research Group Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa Canadá Regenerative Medicine Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa Canadá Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine University of Colorado Denver Den

La declaración PRISMA ( Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses ), publicada en 2009, se diseñó para ayudar a los autores de revisiones sistemáticas a documentar de manera transparente el porqué de la revisión, qué hicieron los autores y qué encontraron. Durante la última década, ha habido muchos avances en la metodología y terminología de las revisiones sistemáticas, lo que ha requerido una actualización de esta guía. La declaración prisma 2020 sustituye a la declaración de 2009 e incluye una nueva guía de presentación de las publicaciones que refleja los avances en los métodos para identificar, seleccionar, evaluar y sintetizar estudios. La estructura y la presentación de los ítems ha sido modificada para facilitar su implementación. En este artículo, presentamos la lista de verificación PRISMA 2020 con 27 ítems, y una lista de verificación ampliada que detalla las recomendaciones en la publicación de cada ítem, la lista de verificación del resumen estructurado PRISMA 2020 y el diagrama de flujo revisado para revisiones sistemáticas. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found. Over the past decade, advances in systematic review methodology and terminology have necessitated an update to the guideline. The PRISMA 2020 statement replaces the 2009 statement and includes new reporting guidance that reflects advances in methods to identify, select, appraise, and synthesise studies. The structure and presentation of the items have been modified to facilitate implementation. In this article, we present the PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist, an expanded checklist that details reporting recommendations for each item, the PRISMA 2020 abstract checklist, and the revised flow diagrams for original and updated reviews. Full English text available from : ***

关键词： Guía de publicación Revisión sistemática Metanálisis Escritura médica Publishing guide Systematic review Meta-analysis Medical writing

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Enhancing Discovery of Genetic Variants for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Through Integration of Quantitative Phenotypes and Trauma Exposure Information (vol 91, pg 626, 2022)

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BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY 2022年第7期91卷 690-690页

作者： Maihofer, Adam X. Vinkers, Christiaan H. Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego La Jolla California Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego California. Electronic address: amaihofer@health.ucsd.edu. Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts. Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London United Kingdom National Institute of Health Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre King's College London London United Kingdom. Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts Center of Excellence in Depression and Anxiety Disorders Belmont Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge Massachusetts. Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego La Jolla California Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego California Research Service Veterans Affairs Healthcare System San Diego California. Duke Molecular Physiology Institute Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina. Department of Psychiatry Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven Connecticut Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut. Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York. Division of Mental Health Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center

BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs). METHODS: A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms. RESULTS: GWASs of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in the Million Veteran program. CONCLUSIONS: Through using a quantitative trait measure of PTSD, we identified novel risk loci not previously identified using prior case-control analyses. PTSD and LTE have a high genetic overlap that can be leveraged to increase discovery power through multivariate methods.

关键词： GWAS Genetics Heritability PTSD PheWAS Trauma

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Associations Between Reductions in Depressive Symptoms and Reductions in Pain and Anxiety Symptoms and Substance Use: Emulation of a Randomized Trial

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AJPM Focus 2024年第5期3卷 100258-100258页

作者： Khan, Maria R. Acri, Mary Ban, Kaoon Scheidell, Joy D. Stevens, Elizabeth R. Manandhar-Sasaki, Prima Charles, Dyanna Chichetto, Natalie E. Crystal, Stephen Gordon, Adam J. Marshall, Brandon D.L. Edelman, E. Jennifer Justice, Amy C. Braithwaite, Scott R. Caniglia, Ellen C. Department of Population Health New York University Grossman School of Medicine New York New York United States Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine New York New York United States Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Center for Health Services Research Institute for Health Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ United States Informatics Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences (IDEAS) Center of Innovation VA Salt Lake City Health Care System Salt Lake City Utah United States Program for Addiction Research Clinical Care Knowledge and Advocacy (PARCKA) Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah United States Department of Epidemiology Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island United States Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut United States VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT United States Department of Health Policy and Management Yale School of Public Health New Haven Connecticut United States Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine United States

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are linked with pain, anxiety, and substance use. research estimating whether a reduction in depressive symptoms is linked to subsequent reductions in pain and anxiety symptoms and substance use is limited. Methods: Using data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study, a multisite observational study of U.S. veterans, the authors used a target trial emulation framework to compare individuals with elevated depressive symptoms (Patient health Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10) who experienced reductions in depressive symptoms (Patient health Questionnaire-9 score < 10) with those whose symptoms persisted (Patient health Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10) at the next follow-up visit (on average, 1 year later). Using inverse probability of treatment weighting, the authors estimated ORs and 95% CIs for associations between depressive symptom reduction status and improvement on the following: anxiety symptoms, pain symptoms, unhealthy alcohol use, and use of tobacco, cannabis, cocaine, and/or illicit opioids. Results: Reductions in depressive symptoms were associated with reductions in pain symptoms (OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.01, 2.02), anxiety symptoms (OR=2.50, 95% CI=1.63, 3.83), and illicit opioid use (OR=2.07, 95% CI=1.13, 3.81). Depressive symptom reductions were not associated with reductions in unhealthy alcohol use (OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.48, 1.52) or use of tobacco (OR=1.49, 95% CI=0.89, 2.48), cannabis (OR=1.07, 95% CI=0.63, 1.83), or cocaine (OR=1.28, 95% CI=0.73, 2.24). Conclusions: Reducing depressive symptoms may potentially reduce pain and anxiety symptoms and illicit opioid use. Future work should determine whether reductions achieved through antidepressant medications, behavioral therapy, or other means have comparable impact. © 2024

关键词： chronic pain psychiatric conditions substance use Unhealthy alcohol use

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