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8th International Conference on computer Graphics and Virtuality, ICCGV 2025

作者： Jianting, Liu Huazhong, Xiang Zexi, Zheng Dawei, Zhang Songlin, Zhuang College of Health Sciences and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China College of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China College of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510689213

To address the critical challenge of pupil segmentation accuracy in medical image analysis, this paper proposes an innovative pupil segmentation method based on an enhanced TransUNet deep neural network. The proposed architecture introduces three key improvements: a novel multi-kernel self-selective attention mechanism that optimizes local feature extraction through weighted fusion of different convolution modules;a modified cross-attention Transformer that enables efficient parallel processing of spatial information in both horizontal and vertical dimensions;and an advanced feature fusion module that effectively integrates global and local information through multi-scale feature weighting. Extensive experiments on the OpenEDS dataset demonstrate the method's superior performance, achieving state-of-the-art results with average precision of 97.7%, average recall of 97.41%, and average Dice coefficient of 98.15%. These significant improvements in segmentation accuracy not only advance the field of medical image analysis but also provide a robust foundation for applications in ophthalmological diagnosis, human-computer interaction, and cognitive science research. The proposed methodology offers valuable insights into designing efficient attention mechanisms for medical image segmentation tasks, contributing to both theoretical understanding and practical applications in healthcare imaging systems. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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High-Performance Face Identification Using Randomly Selected Channels from Hyperspectral Images

High-Performance Face Identification Using Randomly Selected...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques, IST 2024

作者： Furusawa, Sota Premachandra, Chinthaka Graduate School of Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378214

With the recent development of information technology, the importance of protecting personal information has increased. Because of the vulnerability in passwords, biometric authentication is now being used as a method of personal information protection. However, biometric authentication has the possibility of malicious authentication due to the emergence of technology that can generate biometric data that is difficult to duplicate. Therefore, this study aimed to solve the security problems posed by Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in biometric authentication by using Hyperspectral Images (HSI). We searched for solutions to the problems identified in previous studies, such as the inability to correctly identify individuals who have not been previously learned and the length of time required for identification. In this paper, we used three channels of data randomly selected from hyperspectral face images for learning to identify individuals by binary classification into 'learned subject (class)' and 'unlearned subjects (classes)'. In this case, discriminators based on the least-squares generative adversarial network (LSGAN) model was developed for each class using three randomly selected channels of data from the HSI for two class classification. The proposed method significantly reduced the identification time and achieved very high discrimination accuracy in all classes. In addition, the results showed high accuracy throughout multiple face identification experiments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Towards a lightweight security framework using blockchain and machine learning

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 107-118页

作者： Shereen Ismail Muhammad Nouman Diana W.Dawoud Hassan Reza School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of North DakotaND 58202USA Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan College of Engineering and Information Technology University of DubaiDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

Cyber-attacks pose a significant challenge to the security of Internet of Things(IoT)sensor networks,necessitating the development of robust countermeasures tailored to their unique characteristics and *** prevention and detection techniques have been proposed to mitigate these *** this paper,we propose an integrated security framework using blockchain and Machine Learning(ML)to protect IoT sensor *** framework consists of two modules:a blockchain prevention module and an ML detection *** blockchain prevention module has two lightweight mechanisms:identity management and trust *** management employs a lightweight Smart Contract(SC)to manage node registration and authentication,ensuring that unauthorized entities are prohibited from engaging in any tasks,while trust management uses a lightweight SC that is responsible for maintaining trust and credibility between sensor nodes throughout the network’s lifetime and tracking historical node *** and transaction validation are achieved through a Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance(VBFT)mechanism to ensure network reliability and *** ML detection module utilizes the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)algorithm to classify malicious nodes and notify the blockchain network if it must make decisions to mitigate their *** investigate the performance of several off-the-shelf ML algorithms,including Logistic Regression,Complement Naive Bayes,Nearest Centroid,and Stacking,using the WSN-DS *** is selected following a detailed comparative analysis conducted using accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,processing time,training time,prediction time,computational complexity,and Matthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC)evaluation metrics.

关键词： Blockchain Machine learning IoT Security Integration Smart contracts

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Data-driven electrical resistance tomography for robotic large-area tactile sensing

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 336-337页

作者： Wendong ZHENG Huaping LIU Xiaofeng LIU Fuchun SUN School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Key Laboratory of Maritime Intelligent Cyberspace Technology (Hohai University) Ministry of Education

Tactile sensing plays a crucial role in enabling robots to safely interact with objects in dynamic environments [1].Given that potential physical contact can occur at any location during robot interaction, there is a ... 详细信息

关键词： Robot applications

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A 0.75mm2407µW Real-Time Speech Audio Denoiser with Quantized Cascaded Redundant Convolutional Encoder-Decoder for Wearable IoT Devices 38

A 0.75mm2407µW Real-Time Speech Audio Denoiser with Quantiz...

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38th International Conference on VLSI Design, VLSID 2025

作者： Kochar, Dimple Vijay Ashok, Maitreyi Chandrakasan, Anantha P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522445

Audio denoising is crucial for delivering high-quality sound in applications ranging from communication devices to entertainment systems. On-device denoising is critical for en-suring consistent performance across various host platforms. Machine learning (ML) models exhibit strong audio processing performance in the frequency domain but require efficient hardware design. This paper focuses on enhancing audio quality using convolutional encoder-decoder ML models with low power consumption while meeting real-time processing constraints. We achieve this by developing a quantized network that optimally reduces computational costs without compromising enhancement quality. Furthermore, our hardware quantization scheme reduces memory usage by up to 75% while maintaining accuracy. Next, we design a complementary processing element activation routing scheme tailored to our algorithm, significantly reducing the on-chip memory accesses by 5-9×. Fabricated in 28nm CMOS process, our chip demonstrates real-time audio denoising, processing each frame within 8ms while consuming only 407µ or 3.24 µJ/frame at 0.65V, 18.5 MHz, making it ideal for battery-powered IoT devices. In terms of performance, our chip also achieves the highest evaluation score for audio quality (PESQ), outperforming previous works. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Optimizing Autonomous Intersection Control Using Single Agent Reinforcement Learning 25

Optimizing Autonomous Intersection Control Using Single Agen...

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26th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking, ICDCN 2025

作者： Ganar, Yash Kumar, Vinay Dulera, Shraddha Yadav, Ram Narayan Electrical and Computer Science Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management Ahmedabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710629

Autonomous intersection management (AIM) presents significant challenges due to the complexity of real-world traffic scenarios and the reliance on a costly centralized server to manage and coordinate all vehicles simultaneously. In this work, we address the challenge of efficiently and safely navigating intersections using a Reinforcement Learning (RL). In this work, we proposed two autonomous intersection management algorithms based on (i) Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), and (ii) Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C). We design a reward function to encourage the system to reduce collisions while maintaining high throughput. By training and testing these algorithms in complex traffic scenarios, we aim to identify which algorithm demonstrates better decision-making capabilities under different conditions. We evaluated performance across multiple metrics, including collision avoidance, safe and efficient travel speed, time to reach the destination, and reward functions. We have established a structured approach to help researchers make informed decisions regarding suitable algorithm selection. It provides a balanced comparison between the algorithms and suggests a recommendation system for intersection traffic environments, considering various performance metrics such as reward, collision, speed, and travel time. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Travel time

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Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify the Values Behind Arguments 2nd

Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify the Values Be...

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2nd International Workshop on Value engineering in Artificial Intelligence, VALE 2024

作者： Senthilkumar, Rithik Appachi Homayounirad, Amir Siebert, Luciano Cavalcante Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783031854620

Human values capture what people and societies perceive as desirable, transcend specific situations and serve as guiding principles for action. People’s value systems motivate their positions on issues concerning the economy, society and politics among others, influencing the arguments they make. Identifying the values behind arguments can therefore help us find common ground in discourse and uncover the core reasons behind disagreements. Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable performance across language generation and analysis. However, leveraging LLMs in sociotechnical systems that assist with discourse and argumentation necessitates systematically evaluating their ability to analyse and identify the values behind arguments, an under-explored research direction. Using a multi-level human value taxonomy inspired by the Schwartz Theory of Basic Human Values, we present a systematic and critical evaluation of GPT-3.5-turbo in human value identification from a dataset of multi-cultural arguments, across the zero-shot, few-shot and chain-of-thought prompting strategies, carrying forward from prior research on this task which leveraged a fine-tuned BERT model. We observe that prompting strategies exhibit performance levels close to, but still behind fine-tuning for value classification. We also detail some challenges associated with value classification with LLMs, offering potential directions for future research. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Human Values Large Language Models Prompting

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Phasmatodea Population Evolution Algorithm Based on Spiral Mechanism and Its Application to Data Clustering

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 475-496页

作者： Jeng-Shyang Pan Mengfei Zhang Shu-Chuan Chu Xingsi Xue Václav Snášel College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349TaiwanChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou350118China Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science VŠB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava70833Czech Republic

Data clustering is an essential technique for analyzing complex datasets and continues to be a central research topic in data *** clustering algorithms,such as K-means,are widely used due to their simplicity and *** paper proposes a novel Spiral Mechanism-Optimized Phasmatodea Population Evolution Algorithm(SPPE)to improve clustering *** SPPE algorithm introduces several enhancements to the standard Phasmatodea Population Evolution(PPE)***,a Variable Neighborhood Search(VNS)factor is incorporated to strengthen the local search capability and foster population ***,a position update model,incorporating a spiral mechanism,is designed to improve the algorithm’s global exploration and convergence ***,a dynamic balancing factor,guided by fitness values,adjusts the search process to balance exploration and exploitation *** performance of SPPE is first validated on CEC2013 benchmark functions,where it demonstrates excellent convergence speed and superior optimization results compared to several state-of-the-art metaheuristic *** further verify its practical applicability,SPPE is combined with the K-means algorithm for data clustering and tested on seven *** results show that SPPE-K-means improves clustering accuracy,reduces dependency on initialization,and outperforms other clustering *** study highlights SPPE’s robustness and efficiency in solving both optimization and clustering challenges,making it a promising tool for complex data analysis tasks.

关键词： Phasmatodea population evolution algorithm data clustering meta-heuristic algorithm

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Cross-Scenario Device-Free Wireless Sensing with A Free-Energy View

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16610-16621页

作者： Chen, Bo Wang, Jie Liu, Xiaokai Gao, Qinghua Pan, Miao Fang, Yuguang Dalian Maritime University School of Information Science and Technology Dalian116026 China Dalian University of Technology Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Dalian116023 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Hong Kong

Device-free wireless sensing (DFWS) has gained significant attention due to its high accuracy and privacy-preserving capabilities. DFWS systems work by analyzing the influence pattern of targets on the surrounding wireless signals. However, changes in the sensing scenario can alter signal propagation patterns, causing deep learning models to lose effectiveness in cross-scenario applications. To address this problem, we analyze the information content of different samples from a free-energy view, and provide a new idea to guide the alignment of target scenario samples with source scenario samples based on free-energy. We find that free-energy can measure the degree of scenario knowledge contribution of the samples. Based on this observation, we first perform unsupervised coarse alignment by minimizing the free-energy deviation between scenarios. Next, we iteratively select a few number of high free-energy samples near the decision boundary to fine-Tune the network, achieving scenario fine alignment with a small labeling effort. Extensive experiments on two public datasets and one self-collected dataset show that our proposed method achieves high accuracy in cross-scenario human activity and gesture recognition tasks. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Labeling Sensors Wireless sensor networks Wireless communication Feature extraction Costs Internet of Things Gesture recognition Metalearning Training

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Mutual Retinex: Combining Transformer and CNN for Image Enhancement

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2024年第3期8卷 2240-2252页

作者： Jiang, Kui Wang, Qiong An, Zhaoyi Wang, Zheng Zhang, Cong Lin, Chia-Wen Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin150001 China Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan430024 China National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Images captured in low-light or underwater environments are often accompanied by significant degradation, which can negatively impact the quality and performance of downstream tasks. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures have made significant progress in computer vision tasks, there are few efforts to harmonize them into a more concise framework for enhancing such images. To this end, this study proposes to aggregate the individual capability of self-attention (SA) and CNNs for accurate perturbation removal while preserving background contents. Based on this, we carry forward a Retinex-based framework, dubbed as Mutual Retinex, where a two-branch structure is designed to characterize the specific knowledge of reflectance and illumination components while removing the perturbation. To maximize its potential, Mutual Retinex is equipped with a new mutual learning mechanism, involving an elaborately designed mutual representation module (MRM). In MRM, the complementary information between reflectance and illumination components are encoded and used to refine each other. Through the complementary learning via the mutual representation, the enhanced results generated by our model exhibit superior color consistency and naturalness. Extensive experiments have shown the significant superiority of our mutual learning based method over thirteen competitors on the low-light task and ten methods on the underwater image enhancement task. In particular, our proposed Mutual Retinex respectively surpasses the state-of-the-art method MIRNet-v2 by 0.90 dB and 2.46 dB in PSNR on the LOL 1000 and FIVEK datasets, while with only 19.8% model parameters. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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