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RP-SWSGD: Design of sliding window stochastic gradient descent method with user’s ratings pattern for recommender systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第14期83卷 41083-41120页

作者： Khan, Zeshan Aslam Raja, Hafiz Anis Chaudhary, Naveed Ishtiaq Iqbal, Sumbal Mehmood, Khizer Raja, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan

To offer relevant and useful recommendations, the crucial role of recommender systems in e-commerce industry is to predict the users’ concern for various items by estimating items’ attributes and users’ preferences. The reliability of a recommender system is usually assessed through accuracy and speed of relevant recommendations for a variety of items. The matrix factorization-based stochastic gradient descent (SGD) methods proposed by researchers lack memory needed to capture the ratings history hidden in the previous iterations. Recently, sliding window-based SGD strategies designed for Recommender systems and Hammerstein nonlinear systems gained attention due to the improved performance in terms of convergence speed and estimated accuracy. The memory impact with regard to the historical information enhances the performance of sliding window-based SGD techniques. However, sliding window-based methods are deficient in capturing the ratings history based on the users’ rating patterns. Hence utilizing the same window length for the set of observed ratings rated by users. Therefore, we propose an improved sliding window-based SGD strategy to acquire historical information of the ratings with respect to a user’s rating patterns for efficient matrix factorization of recommender systems. The proposed strategy performs significantly by accomplishing fast convergence speed and accuracy for window sizes greater than 1. The accuracy of the suggested technique is verified for two benchmark datasets such as ML-100 K and Film-Trust. However, the authenticity of the proposed method as compared to the standard counterpart (window size = 1) is confirmed through Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The average improvements achieved by the proposed strategy in terms of RMSE and MAE over the baseline for ML-100 K dataset are 0.726% and 2.245% respectively. Whereas the proposed method accomplishes considerable average improvement of 7.89% and 9.41% for RMSE an

关键词： Recommender systems

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Risk-Aware Real-Time Task Allocation for Stochastic Multi-Agent Systems under STL Specifications 63

Risk-Aware Real-Time Task Allocation for Stochastic Multi-Ag...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Engelaar, M.H.W. Zhang, Z. Vlahakis, E.E. Dimarogonas, D.V. Lazar, M. Haesaert, S. Netherlands Kth Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

This paper addresses the control synthesis of heterogeneous stochastic linear multi-agent systems with realtime allocation of signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. Based on previous work, we decompose specifications into subspecifications on the individual agent level. To leverage the efficiency of task allocation, a heuristic filter evaluates potential task allocation based on STL robustness, and subsequently, an auctioning algorithm determines the definitive allocation of specifications. Finally, a control strategy is synthesized for each agent-specification pair using tube-based model predictive control (MPC), ensuring provable probabilistic satisfaction. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods using a multi-shuttle scenario that highlights a promising extension to automated driving applications like vehicle routing. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Constructive Function Approximation with Local Models 32

Constructive Function Approximation with Local Models

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32nd Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, MED 2024

作者： Mavridis, Christos N. Johansson, Karl Henrik School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395440

We introduce a constructive function approximation approach as a general tool, particularly useful in adaptive and data-driven methods for perception and control. The key idea is to estimate of a collection of simple local models as opposed to a single and complex regression model trained in the entire input space. We use principles from the Online Deterministic Annealing (ODA) optimization framework to construct an adaptive partition of the input space, which enables the introduction of local function approximation models within each subset of the partition. We show that both the partitioning and the local model training algorithms are stochastic approximation algorithms that operate online, and with the same observations, as part of a two-timescale stochastic approximation scheme. This process constitutes a heuristic method to gradually increase the complexity of the function approximation framework in a task-agnostic manner, giving emphasis to regions of the input space where the regression error is high. As a result this framework has inherent explainability properties, and is suitable for continuous learning applications where regression improvement without retraining from scratch is crucial. Simulation results illustrate the properties of the proposed approach. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic methods

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On Error-Based Step Size Control for Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for Compressible Fluid Dynamics

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应用数学与计算数学学报 2025年第1期7卷 3-39页

作者： Hendrik Ranocha Andrew R.Winters Hugo Guillermo Castro Lisandro Dalcin Michael Schlottke-Lakemper Gregor J.Gassner Matteo Parsani Applied Mathematics University of HamburgBundesstr.5520146 HamburgGermany Department of Mathematics Applied Mathematics Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden Extreme Computing Research Center(ECRC) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division(CEMSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Applied and Computational Mathematics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany High-Performance Computing Center Stuttgart University of StuttgartStuttgartGermany Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of CologneCologneGermany Center for Data and Simulation Science University of CologneCologneGermany Extreme Computing Research Center(ECRC) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division(CEMSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

We study a temporal step size control of explicit Runge-Kutta(RK)methods for com-pressible computational fluid dynamics(CFD),including the Navier-Stokes equations and hyperbolic systems of conservation laws such as the Euler *** demonstrate that error-based approaches are convenient in a wide range of applications and compare them to more classical step size control based on a Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)*** numerical examples show that the error-based step size control is easy to use,robust,and efficient,e.g.,for(initial)transient periods,complex geometries,nonlinear shock captur-ing approaches,and schemes that use nonlinear entropy *** demonstrate these properties for problems ranging from well-understood academic test cases to industrially relevant large-scale computations with two disjoint code bases,the open source Julia pack-ages *** with *** and the C/Fortran code SSDC based on PETSc.

关键词： Explicit Runge-Kutta(RK)methods Step size control Compressible fluid dynamics Adaptivity in space and time Shock capturing

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Physical Layer Security in AmBC-NOMA Networks with Random Eavesdroppers

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 18628-18642页

作者： Pei, Xinyue Wang, Xingwei Huang, Min Chen, Yingyang Li, Xiaofan Tsiftsis, Theodoros A. Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Jinan University College of Information Science and Technology Guangzhou510632 China Jinan University School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Zhuhai519070 China University of Thessaly Department of Informatics Telecommunications Lamia35100 Greece University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ningbo315100 China

In this work, we investigate the physical layer security (PLS) of ambient backscatter communication non-orthogonal multiple access (AmBC-NOMA) networks where non-colluding eavesdroppers (Eves) are randomly distributed. In the proposed system, a base station (BS) transmits a superimposed signal to a typical NOMA user pair, while a backscatter device (BD) simultaneously transmits its unique signal by reflecting and modulating the BS’s signal. Meanwhile, Eves passively attempt to wiretap the ongoing transmissions. Notably, the number and locations of Eves are unknown, posing a substantial security threat to the system. To address this challenge, the BS injects artificial noise (AN) to mislead the Eves, and a protected zone is employed to create an Eve-exclusion area around the BS. Theoretical expressions for outage probability (OP) and intercept probability (IP) are provided to evaluate the system’s reliability-security trade-off. Asymptotic behavior at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is further explored, including the derivation of diversity orders for the OP. Numerical results validate the analytical findings through extensive simulations, demonstrating that both the AN injection and protected zone can effectively enhance PLS. Furthermore, analysis and insights of different key parameters, including transmit SNR, reflection efficiency at the BD, power allocation coefficient, power fraction allocated to desired signal, Eve-exclusion area radius, Eve distribution density, and backscattered AN cancellation efficiency, on OP and IP are also provided. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Using A Uniform Linear Array Considering Antenna Radiation Patterns

Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Using A Uniform Linear Array...

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2024 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio science Meeting, USNC-URSI NRSM 2024

作者： Ren, Kai Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid CitySD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781946815194

A UHF antenna array is proposed for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimations. In conventional direction finding (DF) systems, it is assumed that antenna elements have isotropic patterns and mutual coupling among these elements are neglected, leading to compromised DF accuracies. In this work, complex radiation patterns with the presence of mutual coupling among antenna elements are simultaneously considered through full-wave numerical simulations of the antenna array. The antenna patterns rather than simplified array factors are applied in DF algorithms. Both Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) calculations and multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm are implemented to validate the DF performance of the UHF antenna array. © 2024 IEEE. All rights reserved.

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Smart Street Lighting for Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Urban Environments 32

Smart Street Lighting for Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Urb...

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32nd International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and computer Networks, SoftCOM 2024

作者： Krizanovic, Visnja Pejkovic, Ana Pracny, Patrik J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532901382

In the ever-evolving landscape of urban development, innovative solutions are constantly sought to improve the quality of life of residents. Moving away from conventional static street lighting, one such transformative solution for residential environments is smart street lighting. This intelligent solution brings an increase in energy efficiency. In this paper, the goal is to analyze the implementation of smart street lighting within the concept of a smart city based on the possibilities of saving and efficient use of energy. In selected case studies of urban scenarios, through simulation procedures, the possibility of implementing smart lighting was analyzed from the point of view of energy saving, indicating the importance of this aspect in the context of building smart energy lighting systems in urban environments. The discussions given in the paper show a quantitative assessment of energy savings in urban areas by replacing traditional lighting systems. The results of the analyzes show that the analyzed solutions provide useful guidelines for the application of the concept of smart lighting in urban environments and the selection of suitable solutions with regard to possible reductions in energy costs. © 2024 University of Split, FESB.

关键词： energy efficiency smart cities Smart street lighting

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Design and Performance Analysis of a Parallel Mechanism Based Virtual Biomechanical Shoulder Robot Model 30

Design and Performance Analysis of a Parallel Mechanism Base...

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30th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice, M2VIP 2024

作者： Shah, Muhammad Faizan Hussain, Fahad Jamwal, Prashant K. Hussain, Shahid University of Canberra Faculty of Science & Technology Canberra Australia Nazarbayev University Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Astana Kazakhstan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391916

The human shoulder complex provides an extensive spectrum of motion to the human upper arm, facilitating the accomplishment of the active daily life tasks. The in-silico musculoskeletal models presented in the literature can be used to study the associated kinematic parameters with the human shoulder. These models aid in the designing and control of rehabilitation robots. These models are sometimes oversimplified thus compromising their usage. This paper presents a Virtual 6-4 Parallel Biomechanical Shoulder Robot Model (VBSRM) as a musculoskeletal model. The kinematic model of the proposed VBSRM is developed. Performance metric such as condition number is identified to study the workspace of the VBSRM. A singularity analysis of the robot's Jacobian matrix was carried out to avoid a possible singular design. In order to obtain the maximum workspace and optimal design of the VBSRM, design optimization was carried out using genetic algorithm. This proposed optimal design can be used in the shoulder functioning evaluations. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Jacobian matrices

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Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence and Automatic Morse Code Based Communication Recognition with Eye Tracking

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Journal of Mobile Multimedia 2023年第6期19卷 1439-1461页

作者： Medichalam, Krishnakanth Vijayarajan, V. Kumar, V. Vinoth Iyer, I. Manimozhi Vanukuri, Yaswanth Kumar Prasath, V.B. Surya Swapna, B. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering East Point College of Engineering and Technology India Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Cincinnati 45221 OH United States Department of ECE Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute Chennai 95 India

Morse code is one of the oldest communication techniques and used in telecommunication systems. Morse code can be transmitted as a visual signal by using reflections or with the help of flashlights, but it can also be used as a non-detectable form of communication by using the tapping of fingers or even blinking of eyes. In this paper, we develop a computer vision based approach that automatically characterizes the characters conveyed wherein a person can communicate to system or another person through Morse code with eye gestures. We can decode this visual eye tracking based language with the help of our automatic computer vision driven method. Our approach uses a normal webcam to detect the gestures made by the eyes and are interpreted as dots and dashes. These dots and dashes are used to represent the Morse code-based words. Image processing techniques-based blink and pupil detectors are employed. Blink detector helps us to detect a blink and the time that took for each blink. A blink that takes 2 to 4 seconds is acknowledged as a dot whereas a blink that takes more than 4 seconds is represented as a dash. The pupil detector helps us to detect the movement of the pupils, and if pupils move towards right with respect to a person then it is acknowledged as next letter and if the pupils are moved towards left with respect to a person then it is acknowledged as next word. In this way, we decode the Morse code which will be communicated using eyes and establish a non-detectable communication between a person and an automatic system. Our experimental results on an unconstrained visual scene with preliminary greeting words indicate the promise of an automatic eye tracking based system with success rate of 98.25% that can be of use in non-verbal communications. © 2023 River Publishers.

关键词： blinks communication eye detection face detection gestures image processing Morse code

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Towards Enhancing Child Safety: A Deep Learning Approach to Detect Child Safe and Unsafe Objects

Towards Enhancing Child Safety: A Deep Learning Approach to ...

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2024 IEEE International Women in engineering (WIE) Conference on electrical and computer engineering, WIECON-ECE 2024

作者： Khan, Fairuz Areefin Dey, Ashim Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chittagong4349 Bangladesh Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chittagong4349 Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535476

The safety and well-being of children are a paramount concern, and the accurate detection of potentially haz-ardous objects is crucial in ensuring their protection, especially in indoor situations. In the Artificial Intelligence (AI) age, the future belongs to domestic robots;they will be used for child education, surveillance, and healthcare support. Early identification of unsafe objects and intervention by these next-generation social family robots can play an essential role in providing a safer environment for children. Keeping these issues in mind, this study aims to tackle daily risks and accidents that endanger children by using computer vision to detect unsafe objects. To achieve this goal, a unique dataset namely ChildSUn is introduced containing approximately 5350 images of child-safe and unsafe objects of ten categories. Various CNN architectures, including custom CNN, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, Inception-V3, EfficientNet-B0, and MobileNetV2, are implemented on the prepared dataset. A deep dive analysis is performed on the implemented models. The EfficientNet-B0 model showed exceptional performance, reaching a remarkable level of accuracy of 99.63% on the test dataset. These findings underscore the potential of EfficientNet-B0 as an effective solution for real-world child safety applications and encourage further exploration of deep learning techniques to enhance child protection globally. We hope this work will pave the way for future social household robot development, which will ensure child safety in any place. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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