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Noninvasive Respiratory Monitoring Through Correlation of Thoracoabdominal Movements and Pressure Fluctuations

IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2025年第7期25卷 11226-11235页

作者： Song, Yao Guo, Shijie Liang, Bowen Hebei Univ Technol Hebei Key Lab Robot Percept & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Hebei Key Lab Robot Sensing & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China

This study presents a novel, noninvasive system that quantifies thoracoabdominal respiratory movements and correlates them with back pressure fluctuations, advancing respiratory monitoring. A key contribution is the development of a method to measure the 3-D movements of the chest and abdomen using a 3-D motion capture system, enabling high-precision analysis of respiratory dynamics. In addition, another significant contribution of this work is the development of a novel correlation model that integrates the thoracoabdominal motion data with back pressure fluctuations recorded by a tactile sensor array. This integration represents a critical departure from previous research, which often examines these parameters in isolation. By linking back pressure fluctuations to respiratory displacements, our method facilitates noncontact, unobtrusive respiratory monitoring, offering a practical and patient friendly alternative to traditional contact-based techniques such as respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP). Furthermore, this study identifies optimal regions for pressure monitoring, which enhances the system's precision and usability for long-term monitoring in clinical and home environments. This step addresses a critical gap in the current literature, where practical implementation strategies are often overlooked. The results reveal a clear correlation between pressure fluctuations and respiratory movements, forming the basis for a model that can predict respiratory states. This system provides significant potential for practical application, offering a promising solution for reliable, unobtrusive respiratory monitoring in both clinical and home settings.

关键词： Sensors Monitoring Abdomen Fluctuations Correlation Sensor arrays Pressure measurement Feature extraction Data models Accuracy Mapping relationship surface displacement tactile sensor sheet thoracoabdominal movement unconstrained respiration monitoring

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label-free detection of E. coli by alternating current electrokinetic capacitive sensors

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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 2025年 1354卷 343972页

作者： Liu, Xingchi Qiu, Xinchen Pan, Zhang Chen, Jing Li, Shanshan Cheng, Jingmeng Hebei Univ Technol Arizona Coll Technol Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Sch Mech Engn Hebei Key Lab Robot Sensing & Human robot Interact Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China Tangshan Univ Dept Basic Courses Tangshan 063000 Peoples R China

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most common pathogens in water and foods, and it poses a significant threat to global public health, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. However, most of the state-of-art detection method for E. coli bacteria sensing needs fluorescence staining or pre-immobilizations or specific biomaker as labels before tests, making the detection process a time costing and labor intensitive work. Thus, it is desirable to develop a label-free and no-immobilization detection method for the sensitive detection of E. coli or other pathogens. Results: In this work, we developed a sensitive method for E. coli detection without any labels or pre-immobilizations. Here the source AC signal provides ACEK effects to trap bacteria onto the electrode surface. As the source AC signal is cut off, the enriched bacteria would release from sensor electrodes. Then, a significant interfacial capacitance change along with particle releasing is observed by applying a measurement AC signal. The DEP capture of E. coli bacteria at different AC frequencies and voltages are experimentally investigated to optimize the performance of capacitive sensors. To note, the total area of our sensitive unit can be as large as 2 mm x 2 mm with the geometry design of isomotive DEP. Capacitive sensing tests of river water collected from local river and tap water with several control groups are performed to show its reliability as a biosensing approach for the sensitive detection of E. coli. Significance: The most significant advantage of this method is that we do not need to pre-immobilize any probes (antigens, or antibodies, etc.) or take incubation onto the sensor electrode before taking capacitance measurement. Moreover, the straight forward operation is preimmobilization free, and therefore it meets the requirements of on-site bacteria detection for pathogen detection in water quality monitoring or food safety.

关键词： Microfluidics Impedance Alternating current electrokinetic Capacitive sensor Dielectrophoretic

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Recent Advances of Signal Acquisition Approaches for Microfluidic Impedance Flow Cytometry

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IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2025年第1期19卷 4-15页

作者： Li, Shanshan Pang, Sheng Li, Ruohan Li, Junwei State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Hebei Key Lab Robot Sensing & Human Human Robot In Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Sch Hlth Sci & Biomed Engn Inst Biophys Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China

Microfluidic impedance flow cytometry (IFC) is a widely used technique for high-throughput analysis and single-cell identification, analyzing cells based on their electrical properties without the need for chemical markers like fluorescent dyes. The emergence of microfluidic-based single-cell analysis has become a critical tool in biology, providing researchers with unparalleled precision in decoding microscopic cellular information through its high-throughput processing capabilities and precise single-cell manipulation. This microfluidic technology offers several unique advantages over conventional flow cytometry systems, including self-contained design, single-use disposability, and user-friendliness. Moreover, IFC technology surpasses conventional flow cytometry by reducing reagent costs, decreasing labor intensity, and enhancing economic *** advancements in microfluidic technology have facilitated the development of novel electrode configurations and channel designs, which form a robust foundation for multi-parametric characterization, cell counting, and sorting at the single-cell level. This review focuses on recent milestones achieved in this field, with a specific emphasis on hardware-level advancements in signal acquisition methodologies employed in microfluidic impedance flow cytometry. In particular, it meticulously explores how enhancements in electrode arrangements and microfluidic channel architectures have enabled the characterization of cells and particles based on mechanical and electrical parameters. Furthermore, various improved protocols are discussed to enhance the sensitivity and efficiency of cellular analysis, along with the exploration of future research directions, including the pursuit of higher sensitivity, increased throughput, and broader applications.

关键词： Electrodes Microfluidics Impedance Cytometry Metals Impedance measurement Microchannels Microelectrodes Fabrication Costs

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Flexible, breathable and hydrophobic iontronic tactile sensors for comfortable skin-attachable health monitoring

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MATERIALS LETTERS 2025年 382卷

作者： Hilario, Jonas Wang, Peng Meng, Chuizhou Hebei Univ Technol Engn Res Ctr Minist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Devic State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Hebei Key Lab Smart Sensing & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Univ Jinan Sch Mech Engn Jinan 250022 Peoples R China

Conventional flexible sensors are built on impermeable substrates, which arises uncomfortable wearing issue during long-term skin-attachable usage. Herein, we develop a flexible, breathable and hydrophobic tactile sensor by utilizing permeable fabric and foam. The sensor adopts iontronic supercapacitive sensing mechanism, offering high sensitivity (376.19 kPa(-1) within 40 kPa), and shows air permeability (65.12 mms(-1)) and hydrophobicity (contact angle similar to 118.9 degrees). Various wearable sensing applications by attaching to skin for long time with comfort are demonstrated.

关键词： Flexible tactile sensor Iontronic pressure sensing Breathable Waterproof Health monitoring

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Effects of a lumbar exoskeleton that provides two traction forces on spinal loading and muscles

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FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2025年 13卷 1530034页

作者： Qi, Kaicheng Yin, Zhiyang Li, Chao Zhang, Jianjun Song, Jingke Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Tianjin Peoples R China Hebei Prov Key Lab Robot Sensing & Human Machine I Tianjin Peoples R China Minist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Devices & Testing Engn Res Ctr Tianjin Peoples R China

In workplaces with prolonged or repetitive stooping, disc herniation due to excessive pressure at the lumbar L5/S1 joints has been a difficult condition to prevent and treat in the field of lower back pain. Previous research on lumbar exoskeletons mainly focused on the impact of assistive torque on muscle activation, overlooking the fact that providing assistive torque is not the optimal approach when bending over with a low load. Instead, using traction force to reduce disc pressure is a more adaptable method to mitigate the risk of intervertebral disc herniation. In this paper, a novel lumbar exoskeleton mechanism is proposed. The exoskeleton principle is similar to a lever arranged on the torso, which provides two types of traction forces using a single compression spring with a lower support moment and higher traction performance. Subsequently, a kinetic simulation model covering passive physiologic tissues and spring stiffness was developed to determine the optimal range of traction forces for a given load, to predict the disc pressure and muscle activation at optimal traction forces. Eight subjects were invited to wear the exoskeleton for stooping and lifting tests under extreme loads, using myoelectric sensors to measure muscle activation. The results confirm that optimal traction force effectively reduces L5/S1 disc pressure without additionally increasing muscle activation. The exoskeleton in this study provides an alternative idea for the design of lumbar exoskeletons adapted to light load stooping.

关键词： lumbar exoskeleton traction forces intervertebral disc pressure stiffness optimization electromyography

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Modeling and Simulation of Microstructure Geometry and Material Type on Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors by Finite Element Analysis

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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2025年第3期25卷 4811-4819页

作者： Hilario, Jonas Wang, Haihang Wang, Peng Yu, Wei Meng, Chuizhou Hebei Univ Technol Minist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Device & Detect Te Sch Mech Engn Hebei Key Lab Smart Sensing & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Univ Jinan Sch Mech Engn Jinan 250022 Peoples R China

This article presents the modeling and simulation of flexible capacitive pressure sensors based on the change of geometry, shape, and material for sensing performance improvement. For simplicity and time saving without significant loss of accuracy, the 2-D models in COMSOL Multiphysics are constructed based on different micropatterning structures. The Von Misses stress and displacement distributions and the absolute and relative capacitance changes are observed to investigate the sensing behaviors. The simulation findings indicate that the proposed model enables efficient information between the top electrode layer and the middle microstructured dielectric layer that enter into contact to create the geometry change, consequently enhancing the capacitive sensitivity. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimal sensor design with structural and material selection for flexible pressure sensors.

关键词： 2-D model capacitive pressure sensor COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA) microstructure 2-D model capacitive pressure sensor COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA) microstructure

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Two-dimensional identification of lower limb gait features based on the variational modal decomposition of sEMG signal and convolutional neural network

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GAIT & POSTURE 2025年 117卷 191-203页

作者： Liu, Qiming Wang, Shan Dai, Yuxing Wu, Xingfu Guo, Shijie Su, Weihua Hebei Univ Technol Engn Res Ctr Minist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Equipment & Detect Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Hebei Key Lab Robot Sensing & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hunan Univ Coll Mech & Vehicle Engn State Key Lab Adv Design & Mfg Technol Vehicle Changsha 410082 Peoples R China

Background: Gait feature recognition is crucial to improve the efficiency and coordination of exoskeleton assistance. The recognition methods based on surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals are popular. However, the recognition accuracy of these methods is poor due to ignoring the correlation of the time series of sEMG signals. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-dimensional recognition method of lower limb gait features based on sEMG signal decomposition under multiple motion modes to improve the accuracy and robustness of gait recognition. Methods: First, in order to obtain gait information of human lower limbs, gait experiments in different motion modes are carried out using the sEMG acquisition system with 7 channels. Then, the gait dataset of human lower limbs is expanded and transformed using the variational modal decomposition (VMD) algorithm and Gramian Angular Field (GAF). The processing not only enhances the data, improves the learning ability of classifiers and avoid the overfitting during the training of the convolutional neural network (CNN), but also effectively utilizes the feature extraction capability of the CNN and preserves the temporal correlation of the EMG. Finally, the gait features in four motion modes are recognized using the processed sEMG data and trained ResNet network. Results: The recognition results show that the proposed method in this paper has the highest recognition rate under four motion modes compared to BP neural network and CNN network based on original sEMG signal. This research is helpful for the effective implementation of intelligent control strategies and the coordination of human-exoskeleton system.

关键词： Gait recognition Surface electromyographic signal Variational modal decomposition Convolutional neural network Exoskeletons

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Knowledge-driven eutectic electrolyte design for Zn-ion batteries

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2025年 511卷

作者： Chang, Jieyu Liu, Qianqian Sun, Chun Hu, Jinhua Bai, Jiabao Li, Guoxian Meng, Chuizhou Wang, Liguang Hebei Univ Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Key Lab Elect Mat & Devices Tianjin Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Hebei Key Lab Smart Sensing & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Chem & Biol Engn Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China

Eutectic electrolytes are considered as promising candidates for Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) due to the wide liquid range, broad electrochemical window, high safety, high tunability, and low cost. However, current design of eutectic electrolytes primarily relies on trial-and-error methods, which are time-consuming and costly due to their complex structure and compositions. To address these challenges, we propose an ionic conductivity prediction method of eutectic electrolytes through data-driven machine learning. To improve model interpretability, we construct domain knowledge-driven features based on the physicochemical properties of electrolyte components. By integrating domain knowledge, the Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) model achieves high accurate predictions of ionic conductivity. Moreover, feature contribution quantified by the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) identifies donor number of anion and solvent as well as dipole moment of H2O as most significant descriptors affecting ionic conductivity. This understanding offers a fundamental design principle for developing high-ionic-conductivity eutectic electrolytes. The eutectic electrolytes designed with our machine learningassisted method are tested in Zn||Zn symmetrical cells, providing the experimental evidence for high ionic conductivity and stability. This work provides a new guidance for designing high-safety and high-performance eutectic electrolytes for ZIBs that can operate efficiently over a broad temperature range.

关键词： Machine learning Ionic conductivity Domain knowledge-based features Eutectic electrolytes

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Copper-cobalt diatomic bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts based on three-dimensional porous nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks for high-performance zinc-air batteries

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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE 2025年第PT 1期683卷 1150-1161页

作者： Ma, Zhaolei Bai, Ruoning Yu, Wei Li, Guoxian Meng, Chuizhou Hebei Univ Technol State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Engn Res Ctr Minist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Devic Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Hebei Key Lab Smart Sensing & Human Robot Interact Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn 5340 Xiping Rd Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China

Transition-metal-loaded carbon-based electrocatalysts are promising alternatives to conventional precious metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in highperformance zinc-air batteries. However, efficiently doping transition-metal single atoms onto carbon-based frameworks is a significant challenge. Herein, an improved template-sacrificing method combining a two-step carbonization process is proposed to fabricate Cu/Co diatomic sites coanchored on a three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based framework. By optimizing the addition amounts of silica (template) and zinc chloride (foaming agent), as well as adjusting the high-temperature treatment conditions, the porous microstructure of the nitrogen-carbon framework is fine-tuned to achieve the optimal diatomic Cu/Co loading. This catalyst exhibits excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance, facilitating both ORR and OER, and out- performing commercial precious metal electrocatalysts. The synergistic catalytic effect of the isolated dual-metal sites for high-performance electrocatalysis of ORR and OER is thoroughly investigated through comparative studies with nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks without Cu or Co. An aqueous zinc-air battery is assembled to demonstrate its exceptional performance, including a high open-circuit voltage of 1.48 V, a high peak power density of 311 mW cm- 2 , and remarkable durability, exceeding 600 h. Additionally, a zinc-air battery containing a gel-polymer electrolyte is assembled to showcase its potential application in wearable electronic devices.

关键词： Zinc-air battery Copper-cobalt diatomic site Porous nitrogen-doped carbon framework Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction

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All-Gel-Based Triboelectric Noncontact Sensor for human Motion Perception

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025年第14期17卷 21491-21500页

作者： Wang, Shanping Wan, Haicheng Lv, Yu Wang, Peng Meng, Chuizhou Shandong Huayu Univ Technol Sch Elect Engn Dezhou 253000 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Hebei Key Lab Smart Sensing & Human Robot Interact Engn Res CtrMinist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Devic Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Univ Jinan Sch Mech Engn Jinan 250022 Peoples R China

Flexible noncontact sensors are of great significance in contemporary applications. Nevertheless, conventional noncontact sensors that rely on metal electrodes have limited flexibility, and their multilayer architectures are likely to experience interfacial delamination during extended use. To tackle these problems, we introduce an all-gel-based flexible triboelectric noncontact sensor, which consists of two parts, i.e., the gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/graphene (G) electrode hydrogel and PVA/cellulose/carbon nanotubes (CNT) triboelectric aerogel. The hydrogel electrode not only features outstanding biocompatibility but also exhibits high conductivity. The triboelectric aerogel demonstrates excellent mechanical properties, such as good elasticity and durability. This sensor can stably output a noncontact current of 1.18 mu A, a charge of 18.4 nC/cm2, and a voltage of 3.7 V at a stable state. It can accurately and reliably detect a wide range of human motions, such as elbow bending, knee movement, and running, providing a reliable and flexible approach for human motion perception and facilitating the progress of relevant fields.

关键词： gel-based triboelectric noncontact sensor human motion perception hydrogel and aerogel triboelectric gel

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