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2019中国智能自动化大会(CIAC 2019)

作者： Xiaoyuan Li Feng Chen Yaohui Jia Xinyu Liu School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain-Computer Interface Technology Zhengzhou University School of Intelligent Manufacturing Huanghuai University China Shipping Heavy Industry 713 Research Institute

Non-invasive brain-computer interface(BCI) technology is becoming more and more popular in current BCI application study due to its safety,non-invasive and low *** main problem of non-invasive BCI technology is that the spatial resolution of signal is low and it is easy to be drowned by ***,this paper reviews the key technologies and the existing challenges of non-invasive BCI technology from the aspect of signal detection and processing,and discusses its future application ***,it is still a great challenge for non-invasive BCI technology to become the mainstream in the future.

关键词： brain-computer interface Non-invasive BCI technology Signal detection Pattern recognition

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Safety and efficacy of Angong Niuhuang Pills in patients with moderate-to-severe acute ischemic stroke (ANGONG TRIAL): A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2025年第5期138卷 579-588页

作者： Li Shengde Wang Anxin Shi Lin Liu Qin Guo Xiaoling Liu Kun Wang Xiaoli Li Jie Zhu Jianming Wu Qiuyi Yang Qingcheng Zhuang Xianbo You Hui Feng Feng Luo Yishan Li Huiling Ni Jun Peng Bin Department of Neurology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China BrainNow Research Institute Shenzhen Guangdong China Department of Neurology The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin Yibin Sichuan China Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Technology Huainan Anhui China Department of Neurology Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province) Changsha Hunan China Department of Neurology Hengshui People’s Hospital Hengshui Hebei China Department of Neurology The First People’s Hospital of Yibin Yibin Sichuan China Department of Neurology The First People’s Hospital of Changde City Changde Hunan China Department of Neurology The First People’s Hospital of Zhangjiagang City Suzhou Jiangsu China Department of Neurology The People’s Hospital of Anyang City Anyang Henan China Department of Neurology Liaocheng People’s Hospital Liaocheng Shandong China Department of Radiology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicologym Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China

Background: Preclinical studies have indicated that Angong Niuhuang Pills (ANP) reduce cerebral infarct and edema volumes. This study aimed to investigate whether ANP safely reduces cerebral infarct and edema volumes in patients with moderate to severe acute ischemic ***: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial included patients with acute ischemic stroke with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores ranging from 10 to 20 in 17 centers in China between April 2021 and July 2022. Patients were allocated within 36 h after onset via block randomization to receive ANP or placebo (3 g/day for 5 days). The primary outcomes were changes in cerebral infarct and edema volumes after 14 days of treatment. The primary safety outcome was severe adverse events (SAEs) for 90 ***: There were 57 and 60 patients finally included in the ANP and placebo groups, respectively for modified intention-to-treat analysis. The median age was 66.0 years, and the median NIHSS score at baseline was 12.0. The changes in cerebral infarct volume at day 14 were 0.3 mL and 0.4 mL in the ANP and placebo groups, respectively (median difference: -7.1 mL; interquartile range [IQR]: -18.3 to 2.3 mL,P = 0.30). The changes in cerebral edema volume of the ANP and placebo groups on day 14 were 11.4 mL and 4.0 mL, respectively (median difference: 3.0 mL, IQR: -1.3 to 9.9 mL,P = 0.15). The rates of SAE within 90 days were similar in the ANP (3/57, 5%) and placebo (7/60, 12%) groups (P = 0.36). Changes in serum mercury and arsenic concentrations were comparable. In patients with large artery atherosclerosis, ANP reduced the cerebral infarct volume at 14 days (median difference: -12.3 mL; IQR: -27.7 to -0.3 mL,P = 0.03).Conclusions: ANP showed a similar safety profile to placebo and non-significant tendency to reduce cerebral infarct volume in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke. Further studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of ANP in reducing ce

关键词： Angong Niuhuang Pill Acute ischemic stroke Cerebral infarct Cerebral edema Pharmacology

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Overexpression of Sirt6 ameliorates sleep deprivation induced-cognitive impairment by modulating glutamatergic neuron function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2449-2458页

作者： Jinpiao Zhu Chang Chen Zhen Li Xiaodong Liu Jingang He Ziyue Zhao Mengying He Binbin Nie Zili Liu Yingying Chen Kuanpin Su Xiang Li Juxiang Chen Hongbing Xiang Fuqiang Xu Kangguang Lin Zongze Zhang Jie Wang Department of Anesthesiology Brain Research CenterDepartment of NeurosurgeryZhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Peter Hung Pain Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI) NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal ProductsShenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for BiomedicineShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Mind-Body Interface Research Center(MBI-Lab) China Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwanChina An-Nan Hospital China Medical UniversityTainanTaiwanChina Department of Neurosurgery Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Affective Disorders The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience and Brain Diseases Xiangyang Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangHubei ProvinceChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Sleep benefits the restoration of energy metabolism and thereby suppo rts neuronal plasticity and cognitive ***6 is a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that has been recognized as an essential regulator of energy metabolism because it modulates various transcriptional regulators and metabolic *** aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Sirt6 on cerebral function after chronic sleep deprivation(CSD).We assigned C57BL/6J mice to control or two CSD groups and subjected them to AAV2/9-CMV-EGFP or AAV2/9-CMV-Sirt6-EGFP infection in the prelimbic cortex(PrL).We then assessed cerebral functional connectivity(FC) using resting-state functional MRI,neuron/astrocyte metabolism using a metabolic kinetics analysis;dendritic spine densities using sparse-labeling;and miniature excitato ry postsynaptic currents(mEPSCs) and action potential(AP) firing rates using whole-cell patchclamp *** addition,we evaluated cognition via a comprehensive set of behavioral *** with controls,Sirt6 was significantly decreased(P<0.05) in the PrL after CSD,accompanied by cognitive deficits and decreased FC between the PrL and accumbens nucleus,piriform cortex,motor co rtex,somatosensory co rtex,olfactory tubercle,insular cortex,and ***6 ove rexpression reve rsed CSD-induced cognitive impairment and reduced *** analysis of metabolic kinetics using [1-13C] glucose and [2-13C] acetate showed that CSD reduced neuronal Glu4and GABA2synthesis,which could be fully restored via forced Sirt6 ***,Sirt6 ove rexpression reversed CSD-induced decreases in AP firing rates as well as the frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs in PrL pyramidal *** data indicate that Sirt6 can improve cognitive impairment after CSD by regulating the PrL-associated FC network,neuronal glucose metabolism,and glutamatergic ***,Sirt6 activation may have potential as a novel strategy for treating sleep disorder-related diseases.

关键词： chronic sleep deprivation cognitive impairment functional connectivity glutamatergic neurons metabolic kinetics neuronal-astrocytic glucose metabolism prelimbic cortex REM sleep Sirt6 synaptic function

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Heat transfer simulation of optogenetics-LED based on microchannel heat dissipation

Heat transfer simulation of optogenetics-LED based on microc...

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2024 International Conference on Optoelectronic Information and computer Engineering, OICE 2024

作者： Liu, Lusheng Le, Song Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Jing Wang, Aiping Bin, Jianxiong Niu, Lan Zhang, Lihua Kang, Xiaoyang Laboratory for Neural Interface and Brain Computer Interface Engineering Research Center of AI & Robotics Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of AI & Robotics MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Institute of AI and Robotics Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Ji Hua Laboratory Guangdong Province Foshan528200 China Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University Zhejiang Yiwu City322000 China Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510682504

Optogenetics technology has greatly promoted the development of neuroscience. Flexible gene manipulation tools and sensitive light activation methods have provided convenience for neural function research. However, the thermal effect generated in the process of light stimulation affects the activation of neurons by optogenetic technology, which makes the results of light-activated light-sensitive proteins to generate neural currents inaccurate. Here, we established an in vivo activation model of LED-based optogenetic technology through simulation and analyzed the thermal effect produced by it. We propose to use microchannels to dissipate heat from implanted devices, reducing the thermal effect of light stimulation for neural activation. Through simulation, we propose the use of the vortex-like and cobweb-like microchannels for heat dissipation, which can control the temperature rise within 0.28K and 0.31K, respectively. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Heat losses

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A Teleoperated Manipulator Control System Based on Surface Electromyography Using Deep Learning 12

A Teleoperated Manipulator Control System Based on Surface E...

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12th International Conference on CYBER technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems, CYBER 2022

作者： Lai, Zhiping Zhang, Xueze Wang, Junkongshuai Mu, Wei Wang, Aiping Niu, Lan Zhang, Lihua Wang, Hongbo Kang, Xiaoyang Bin, Jianxiong Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ai and Robotics Moe Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institute of Ai and Robotics Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University Laboratory for Neural Interface and Brain Computer Interface State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Engineering Research Center of Ai and Robotics Ministry of Education Shanghai200433 China Ji Hua Laboratory Guangdong Province Foshan528200 China Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University Zhejiang Yiwu City322000 China Research Center for Intelligent Sensing Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China

ISBN: (数字)9781665472678

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472678

Gesture recognition based on surface electromyography (sEMG) is a popular topic in teleoperation field, which has the characteristics of convenience, maneuverability, flexibility and adaptability. With the continuous development of deep learning technology, the variety and accuracy of gesture recognition are constantly improving. In our previous research, a new neural network based on graph convolutional network and temporal convolutional network (STCN-GR) was proposed and achieved good results in gesture recognition task. In this paper, we develop a teleoperated manipulator control system based on STCN-GR combined with majority voting. The experimental results show that the performance of proposed system can achieve relatively excellent performance in recognition accuracy and computation speed. In this paper, we choose a mechanism hand as a peripheral to test the performance of the STCN-GR based control system, and the results show that this system can be applied in teleoperation in feature work to provide convenience for human life. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Remote control

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Prognosis for patients with cognitive motor dissociation identified by brain-computer interface (vol 143, pg 1177, 2020)

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brain 2020年第8期143卷 1177-1189页

作者： Pan, Jiahui Xie, Qiuyou Qin, Pengmin Chen, Yan He, Yanbin Huang, Haiyun Wang, Fei Ni, Xiaoxiao Cichocki, Andrzej Yu, Ronghao Li, Yuanqing Center for Brain-Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China School of Software South China Normal University Guangzhou China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Zhujiang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command Guangzhou China Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science School of Psychology South China Normal University Guangzhou China Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command Guangzhou China Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command Guangzhou China Department of Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation and Severe Rehabilitation Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital Guangzhou China Center for Brain-Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Center for Brain-Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China School of Software South China Normal University Guangzhou China Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command Guangzhou China Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech) Moscow 143026 Russia Nicolaus Copernicus University (UMK) Torun 87-100 Poland Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command Guangzhou China Center for Brain-Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Correspondence to: Yuanqing Li PhD Center for Brain-Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China E-mail: auyqli@scut.edu.c

Cognitive motor dissociation describes a subset of patients with disorders of consciousness who show neuroimaging evidence of consciousness but no detectable command-following behaviours. Although essential for family counselling, decision-making, and the design of rehabilitation programmes, the prognosis for patients with cognitive motor dissociation remains under-investigated. The current study included 78 patients with disorders of consciousness who showed no detectable command-following behaviours. These patients included 45 patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and 33 patients in a minimally conscious state, as diagnosed using the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised. Each patient underwent an EEG-based brain-computer interface experiment, in which he or she was instructed to perform an item-selection task (i.e. select a photograph or a number from two candidates). Patients who achieved statistically significant brain-computer interface accuracies were identified as cognitive motor dissociation. Two evaluations using the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, one before the experiment and the other 3 months later, were carried out to measure the patients’ behavioural improvements. Among the 78 patients with disorders of consciousness, our results showed that within the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patient group, 15 of 18 patients with cognitive motor dissociation (83.33%) regained consciousness, while only five of the other 27 unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients without significant brain-computer interface accuracies (18.52%) regained consciousness. Furthermore, within the minimally conscious state patient group, 14 of 16 patients with cognitive motor dissociation (87.5%) showed improvements in their Coma Recovery Scale-Revised scores, whereas only four of the other 17 minimally conscious state patients without significant brain-computer interface accuracies (23.53%) had improved Coma Recovery Scale-Revised scores. Our results suggest that patients with cogn

关键词： cognitive motor dissociation brain-computer interface disorders of consciousness prognosis unresponsive wakefulness syndrome

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Dendrite Net with Acceleration Module for Faster Nonlinear Mapping and System Identification

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Gang Pang, Yajing Yin, Shuai Niu, Xiaoke Wang, Jing Wan, Hong School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain-Computer Interface Technology Zhengzhou450001 China

Nonlinear mapping is an essential and common demand in online systems, such as sensor systems and mobile phones. Accelerating nonlinear mapping will directly speed up online systems. Previously the authors of this paper proposed a Dendrite Net (DD) with enormously lower time complexity than the existing nonlinear mapping algorithms;however, there still are redundant calculations in DD. This paper presents a DD with an acceleration module (AC) to accelerate nonlinear mapping further. We conduct three experiments to verify whether DD with AC has lower time complexity while retaining DD's nonlinear mapping properties and system identification properties: The first experiment is the precision and identification of unary nonlinear mapping, reflecting the calculation performance using DD with AC for basic functions in online systems. The second experiment is the mapping precision and identification of the multi-input nonlinear system, reflecting the performance for designing online systems via DD with AC. Finally, this paper compares the time complexity of DD and DD with AC and analyzes the theoretical reasons through repeated experiments. Results: DD with AC retains DD's excellent mapping and identification properties and has lower time complexity. Significance: DD with AC can be used for most engineering systems, such as sensor systems, and will speed up computation in these online systems. The code of DD with AC is available on GitHub:Gang neuron. © 2020, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Online systems

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TSOM: Small Object Motion Detection Neural Network Inspired by Avian Visual Circuit

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hu, Pingge Zhang, Xiaoteng Li, Mengmeng Zhu, Yingjie Shi, Li Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Brain-Computer Interface Technology Zhengzhou450001 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China

Detecting small moving objects in complex backgrounds from an overhead perspective is a highly challenging task for machine vision systems. As an inspiration from nature, the avian visual system is capable of processing motion information in various complex aerial scenes, and its Retina-OTRt visual circuit is highly sensitive to capturing the motion information of small objects from high altitudes. However, more needs to be done on small object motion detection algorithms based on the avian visual system. In this paper, we conducted mathematical modeling based on extensive studies of the biological mechanisms of the Retina-OT-Rt visual circuit. Based on this, we proposed a novel tectum small object motion detection neural network (TSOM). The neural network includes the retina, SGC dendritic, SGC Soma, and Rt layers, each layer corresponding to neurons in the visual pathway. The Retina layer is responsible for accurately projecting input content, the SGC dendritic layer perceives and encodes spatial-temporal information, the SGC Soma layer computes complex motion information and extracts small objects, and the Rt layer integrates and decodes motion information from multiple directions to determine the position of small objects. Extensive experiments on pigeon neurophysiological experiments and image sequence data showed that the TSOM is biologically interpretable and effective in extracting reliable small object motion features from complex high-altitude backgrounds. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Single-Molecule Bioelectronic Sensors with AI-Aided Data Analysis:Convergence and Challenges

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第10期2卷 518-538页

作者： Yuxin Yang Yueqi Li Longhua Tang Jinghong Li State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute HangzhouZhejiang 311100China Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Center for BioAnalytical ChemistryKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology Beijing 102206ChinaNew Cornerstone Science InstituteBeijing 102206China

Single-molecule bioelectronic sensing,a groundbreaking domain in biological research,has revolutionized our understanding of molecules by revealing deep insights into fundamental biological *** advent of emergent technologies,such as nanogapped electrodes and nanopores,has greatly enhanced this field,providing exceptional sensitivity,resolution,and integration ***,challenges persist,such as complex data sets with high noise levels and stochastic molecular *** intelligence(AI)has stepped in to address these issues with its powerful data processing *** algorithms effectively extract meaningful features,detect subtle changes,improve signal-to-noise ratios,and uncover hidden patterns in massive *** review explores the synergy between AI and single-molecule bioelectronic sensing,focusing on how AI enhances signal processing and data analysis to boost accuracy and *** also discuss current limitations and future directions for integrating AI,highlighting its potential to advance biological research and technological innovation.

关键词： single-molecule bioelectronic sensing artificial intelligence machine learning signal processing biosensors

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Quantitative Expression of Latent Disease Factors in Individuals Associated with Psychopathology Dimensions and Treatment Response

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第11期40卷 1667-1680页

作者： Shaoling Zhao Qian Lv Ge Zhang Jiangtao Zhang Heqiu Wang Jianmin Zhang Meiyun Wang Zheng Wang Institute of Neuroscience Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyState Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental HealthIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Medical Imaging Henan Provincial People’s Hospital&the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province(Zhejiang Mental Health Center) Zhejiang Office of Mental HealthHangzhou 310012China

Psychiatric comorbidity is common in symptombased diagnoses like autism spectrum disorder(ASD),attention/deficit hyper-activity disorder(ADHD),and obsessivecompulsive disorder(OCD).However,these co-occurring symptoms mediated by shared and/or distinct neural mechanisms are difficult to profile at the individual *** on unsupervised machine learning with a hierarchical Bayesian framework,we derived latent disease factors from resting-state functional connectivity data in a hybrid cohort of ASD and ADHD and delineated individual associations with dimensional symptoms based on canonical correlation *** based on the same factors generalized to previously unseen individuals in a subclinical cohort and one local OCD database with a subset of patients undergoing neurosurgical *** factors,identified as variably co-expressed in each patient,were significantly correlated with distinct symptom domains(r=–0.26–0.53,P<0.05):behavioral regulation(Factor-1),communication(Factor-2),anxiety(Factor-3),adaptive behaviors(Factor-4).Moreover,we demonstrated Factor-1 expressed in patients with OCD and Factor-3 expressed in participants with anxiety,at the degree to which factor expression was significantly predictive of individual symptom scores(r=0.18–0.5,P<0.01).Importantly,peri-intervention changes in Factor-1 of OCD were associated with variable treatment outcomes(r=0.39,P<0.05).Our results indicate that these data-derived latent disease factors quantify individual factor expression to inform dimensional symptom and treatment outcomes across cohorts,which may promote quantitative psychiatric diagnosis and personalized intervention.

关键词： Psychiatric comorbidity Latent disease factor Psychopathology dimension Treatment outcome Quantitative diagnosis

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