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On Error-Based Step Size Control for Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for Compressible Fluid Dynamics

应用数学与计算数学学报 2025年第1期7卷 3-39页

作者： Hendrik Ranocha Andrew R.Winters Hugo Guillermo Castro Lisandro Dalcin Michael Schlottke-Lakemper Gregor J.Gassner Matteo Parsani Applied Mathematics University of HamburgBundesstr.5520146 HamburgGermany Department of Mathematics Applied Mathematics Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden Extreme Computing Research Center(ECRC) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division(CEMSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Applied and Computational Mathematics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany High-Performance Computing Center Stuttgart University of StuttgartStuttgartGermany Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of CologneCologneGermany Center for Data and Simulation Science University of CologneCologneGermany Extreme Computing Research Center(ECRC) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division(CEMSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

We study a temporal step size control of explicit Runge-Kutta(RK)methods for com-pressible computational fluid dynamics(CFD),including the Navier-Stokes equations and hyperbolic systems of conservation laws such as the Euler *** demonstrate that error-based approaches are convenient in a wide range of applications and compare them to more classical step size control based on a Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)*** numerical examples show that the error-based step size control is easy to use,robust,and efficient,e.g.,for(initial)transient periods,complex geometries,nonlinear shock captur-ing approaches,and schemes that use nonlinear entropy *** demonstrate these properties for problems ranging from well-understood academic test cases to industrially relevant large-scale computations with two disjoint code bases,the open source Julia pack-ages *** with *** and the C/Fortran code SSDC based on PETSc.

关键词： Explicit Runge-Kutta(RK)methods Step size control Compressible fluid dynamics Adaptivity in space and time Shock capturing

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APP: Enabling Soft Real-Time Execution on Densely-Populated Hybrid Memory System 23

APP: Enabling Soft Real-Time Execution on Densely-Populated ...

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Proceedings of the 60th Annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference

作者： Zheng-Wei Wu Yun-Chih Chen Yuan-Hao Chang Tei-Wei Kuo Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University and Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Department of Computer Science and NTU High Performance and Scientific Computing Center National Taiwan University

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323481

Memory swapping was considered slow and evil, but swapping to Ultra Low-Latency storage like Optane has become a promising solution to save power and cost, helping densely-populated edge server to overcome its DRAM capacity bottleneck. However, the lack of integration between CPU scheduling and memory paging causes soft real-time tasks running on edge servers to miss deadlines under heavy memory multiplexing. We propose APP (Adaptive Page Pinning), lightweight protection of working set memory to ensure meeting soft real-time task deadlines without starving other non-real-time tasks. Experiments show that APP alleviates thrashing in memory-intensive tasks and upholds soft real-time task deadlines.

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A Survey on Intelligent Solutions for Increased Video Delivery Quality in Cloud-Edge-End Networks

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IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials 2025年第2期27卷 1363-1394页

作者： Shi, Wanxin Li, Qing Yu, Qian Wang, Fulin Shen, Gengbiao Jiang, Yong Xu, Yang Ma, Lianbo Muntean, Gabriel-Miro Tsinghua University Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Fudan University School of Computer Science Shanghai200433 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Strategic and Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Shenzhen518066 China Institute of Future Networks Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Tecorigin Software Department Shanghai200120 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Strategic and Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Shenzhen518055 China Northeastern University College of Software Shenyang110819 China Dublin City University Performance Engineering Laboratory School of Electronic Engineering DublinD09 DD7R Ireland

The digital age has brought a significant increase in video traffic. This traffic growth, driven by rapid Internet advancements and a surge in multimedia applications, presents both challenges and opportunities to video transmissions. Users seek high-quality video content, prompting service providers to offer high-definition options to improve user experience and increase profits. However, traditional end-to-end best-effort networks struggle to meet the demands of extensive video streaming and ensure good user Quality of Experience (QoE), especially in high user mobility scenarios or fluctuating network conditions. Addressing some of these challenges, content delivery networks (CDN) are instrumental in delivering video content, but they are under increased pressure to support high quality and reduce their deployment and maintenance costs. Currently, cloud-edge-end fusion technologies have become one of the optimization directions for network services due to their flexibility and scalability. At the same time, in the context of the recent advancements in computing-focused network paradigms, intelligent enhancement techniques (e.g., super-resolution), commonly utilized in image optimization, have been adopted as a pivotal solution for increasing video delivery quality. To illustrate the essence and employment of the intelligent enhancement solutions for video streaming, this paper first outlines the video streaming process, discusses relevant evaluation metrics, and examines aspects related to the intelligent solutions. Then the paper presents the intelligent enhancement process of video streaming, analyzes various typical intelligent models for content enhancement and highlights their distinct characteristics. This exploration delves deeper into various intelligent quality-improved solutions, scrutinizing their applicability across different transmission scenarios like Video on Demand (VoD) and live streaming, and shedding light on their strengths and weaknesses from

关键词： Video streaming

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Unknown-Aware Bilateral Dependency Optimization for Defending Against Model Inversion Attacks

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Peng, Xiong Liu, Feng Wang, Nannan Lan, Long Liu, Tongliang Cheung, Yiu-Ming Han, Bo Hong Kong Baptist University Department of Computer Science Hong Kong The University of Melbourne School of Computing and Information Systems Australia Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks School of Telecommunications Engineering Shaanxi Xi'an710071 China National University of Defense Technology State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing School of Computer Hunan Changsha410000 China The University of Sydney Sydney AI Centre School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Australia

By abusing access to a well-trained classifier, model inversion (MI) attacks pose a significant threat as they can recover the original training data, leading to privacy leakage. Previous studies mitigated MI attacks by imposing regularization to reduce the dependency between input features and outputs during classifier training, a strategy known as unilateral dependency optimization. However, this strategy contradicts the objective of minimizing the supervised classification loss, which inherently seeks to maximize the dependency between input features and outputs. Consequently, there is a trade-off between improving the model's robustness against MI attacks and maintaining its classification performance. To address this issue, we propose the bilateral dependency optimization strategy (BiDO), a dual-objective approach that minimizes the dependency between input features and latent representations, while simultaneously maximizing the dependency between latent representations and labels. BiDO is remarkable for its privacy-preserving capabilities. However, models trained with BiDO exhibit diminished capabilities in out-of-distribution (OOD) detection compared to models trained with standard classification supervision. Given the open-world nature of deep learning systems, this limitation could lead to significant security risks, as encountering OOD inputs—whose label spaces do not overlap with the in-distribution (ID) data used during training-is inevitable. To address this, we leverage readily available auxiliary OOD data to enhance the OOD detection performance of models trained with BiDO. This leads to the introduction of an upgraded framework, unknown-aware BiDO (BiDO+), which mitigates both privacy and security concerns. As a highlight, with comparable model utility, BiDO-HSIC+ reduces the FPR95 by 55.02% and enhances the AUCROC by 9.52% compared to BiDO-HSIC, while also providing superior MI robustness. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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MM-Retinal V2: Transfer an Elite Knowledge Spark into Fundus Vision-Language Pretraining

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wu, Ruiqi Su, Na Zhang, Chenran Ma, Tengfei Zhou, Tao Cui, Zhiting Tang, Nianfeng Mao, Tianyu Zhou, Yi Fan, Wen Wu, Tianxing Jing, Shenqi Fu, Huazhu School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Institute of High-Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore

Vision-language pretraining (VLP) has been investigated to generalize across diverse downstream tasks for fundus image analysis. Although recent methods showcase promising achievements, they significantly rely on large-scale private image-text data but pay less attention to the pretraining manner, which limits their further advancements. In this work, we introduce MM-Retinal V2, a high-quality image-text paired dataset comprising CFP, FFA, and OCT image modalities. Then, we propose a novel fundus vision-language pretraining model, namely KeepFIT V2, which is pretrained by integrating knowledge from the elite data spark into categorical public datasets. Specifically, a preliminary textual pretraining is adopted to equip the text encoder with primarily ophthalmic textual knowledge. Moreover, a hybrid image-text knowledge injection module is designed for knowledge transfer, which is essentially based on a combination of global semantic concepts from contrastive learning and local appearance details from generative learning. Extensive experiments across zero-shot, few-shot, and linear probing settings highlight the generalization and transferability of KeepFIT V2, delivering performance competitive to state-of-the-art fundus VLP models trained on large-scale private image-text datasets. Our dataset and model are publicly available via https://***/lxirich/MM-Retinal. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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All-optical scalable and programmable VCSEL-based Ising annealer with parallel feedback

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Optics Express 2025年第11期33卷 22119-22131页

作者： Dewen Zhang Zifeng Yuan Thanh Xuan Hoang Wujie Fu Ching Eng Png Soon Thor Lim Aaron Danner National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 4 Engineering Drive 3 117583 Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A★STAR) 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis 138632 Singapore

An Ising machine stands as a compelling solution for large-scale combinatorial optimization problems, leveraging its unconventional computational architecture. We propose an optical parallel feedback system, employing mutual injection locking of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and programmable spatial light modulators (SLMs), specifically aimed at removing electrical bottlenecks to achieve all-optical computation. Through simulation results, the ability to solve a 16-bit square-lattice MAXCUT optimization problem is analyzed. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate an optical injection lock using single-mode master and slave VCSELs. Remarkably, we achieve polarization switching with less than 1% of the master VCSEL’s injection power. Building upon this modest achievement, we outline a roadmap envisioning the integration of advanced nanophotonic devices, particularly metasurface-enabled SLMs and VCSELs. This strategic evolution targets scalability and programmability while upholding an all-optical computing paradigm.

关键词： Diffractive optical elements Fiber lasers Light propagation Optical parametric oscillators Spatial light modulators Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers

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Dynamic Allocation Hypernetwork with Adaptive Model Recalibration for Federated Continual Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Qi, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingyang Fu, Huazhu Yang, Guanyu Li, Shuo Jin, Yueming Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Ministry of Education Nanjing China Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR Singapore Departments Biomedical Engineering and Computer and Data Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland United States

Federated continual learning (FCL) offers an emerging pattern to facilitate the applicability of federated learning (FL) in real-world scenarios, where tasks evolve dynamically and asynchronously across clients, especially in medical scenario. Existing server-side FCL methods in nature domain construct a continually learnable server model by client aggregation on all-involved tasks. However, they are challenged by: (1) Catastrophic forgetting for previously learned tasks, leading to error accumulation in server model, making it difficult to sustain comprehensive knowledge across all tasks. (2) Biased optimization due to asynchronous tasks handled across different clients, leading to the collision of optimization targets of different clients at the same time steps. In this work, we take the first step to propose a novel server-side FCL pattern in medical domain, Dynamic Allocation Hypernetwork with adaptive model recalibration (FedDAH). It is to facilitate collaborative learning under the distinct and dynamic task streams across clients. To alleviate the catastrophic forgetting, we propose a dynamic allocation hypernetwork (DAHyper) where a continually updated hypernetwork is designed to manage the mapping between task identities and their associated model parameters, enabling the dynamic allocation of the model across clients. For the biased optimization, we introduce a novel adaptive model recalibration (AMR) to incorporate the candidate changes of historical models into current server updates, and assign weights to identical tasks across different time steps based on the similarity for continual optimization. Extensive experiments on the AMOS dataset demonstrate the superiority of our FedDAH to other FCL methods on sites with different task streams. The code is available:https://***/jinlab-imvr/FedDAH. © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Federated learning

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Dynamic Allocation Hypernetwork with Adaptive Model Recalibration for Federated Continual Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Qi, Xiaoming Zhang, Jingyang Fu, Huazhu Yang, Guanyu Li, Shuo Jin, Yueming Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Ministry of Education Nanjing China Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR Singapore Departments Biomedical Engineering Computer and Data Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland United States

关键词： Federated learning

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Numerical simulations of attachment-line boundary layer in hypersonic flow. Part 1. Roughness-induced subcritical transitions

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Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2025年 1009卷

作者： Xi, Youcheng Yan, Bowen Yang, Guangwen Sha, Xinguo Zhu, Dehua Fu, Song School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute of High Performance Computing Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics Beijing100074 China

The attachment-line boundary layer is critical in hypersonic flows because of its significant impact on heat transfer and aerodynamic performance. In this study, high-fidelity numerical simulations are conducted to analyse the subcritical roughness-induced laminar–turbulent transition at the leading-edge attachment-line boundary layer of a blunt swept body under hypersonic conditions. This simulation represents a significant advancement by successfully reproducing the complete leading-edge contamination process induced by a surface roughness element in a realistic configuration, thereby providing previously unattainable insights. Two roughness elements of different heights are examined. For the lower-height roughness element, additional unsteady perturbations are required to trigger a transition in the wake, suggesting that the flow field around the roughness element acts as a perturbation amplifier for upstream perturbations. Conversely, a higher roughness element can independently induce the transition. A low-frequency absolute instability is detected behind the roughness, leading to the formation of streaks. The secondary instabilities of these streaks are identified as the direct cause of the final transition. © The Author(s), 2025.

关键词： Hypersonic flow

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FAMOS: robust privacy-preserving authentication on payment apps via federated multi-modal contrastive learning 24

FAMOS: robust privacy-preserving authentication on payment a...

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Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium

作者： Yifeng Cai Ziqi Zhang Jiaping Gui Bingyan Liu Xiaoke Zhao Ruoyu Li Zhe Li Ding Li Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (PKU) Ministry of Education and School of Computer Science Peking University Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Ant Group

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133441

The rise of mobile payment apps necessitates robust user authentication to ensure legitimate user access. Traditional methods, like passwords and biometrics, are vulnerable once a device is compromised. To overcome these limitations, modern solutions utilize sensor data to achieve user-agnostic and scalable behavioral authentication. However, existing solutions face two problems when deployed to real-world applications. First, it is not robust to noisy background activities. Second, it faces the risks of privacy leakage as it relies on centralized training with users' sensor *** this paper, we introduce FAMOS, a novel authentication framework based on federated multi-modal contrastive learning. The intuition of FAMOS is to fuse multi-modal sensor data and cluster the representation of one user's data by the action category so that we can eliminate the influence of background noise and guarantee the user's privacy. Furthermore, we incorporate FAMOS with federated learning to enhance performance while protecting users' privacy. We comprehensively evaluate FAMOS using real-world datasets and devices. Experimental results show that FAMOS is efficient and accurate for real-world deployment. FAMOS has an F1-Score of 0.91 and an AUC of 0.97, which are 42.19% and 27.63% higher than the baselines, respectively.

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