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2021 5th International Conference on computer science and Artificial Intelligence

作者： Rui Huang Ying Ma Tian Wang GuoQi Li Ming Yan Department of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology China Beijing Normal University (BNU Zhuhai) China Department of Precision Instrument Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384155

Among classic algorithms of data mining, the K-nearest neighbor based methods are simple and effective pattern classification algorithms. However, most KNN-based methods do not fully take into account the impact of different training sample points on classification, lead to inaccurate classification. To address this issue, we propose a scheme named Attention-based local mean K-Nearest Centroid Neighbor Classifier (ALMKNCN), combining nearest centroid neighbor with attention mechanism, the influence of each training sample on the query sample is fully considered. Given the query pattern, we first calculate the local centroid mean vector for each class, and then use the idea of attention mechanism to calculate the weight of pseudo-distance between each class and test sample. Finally, based on attention coefficient, the distances between the query sample and local mean vectors are weighted to determine the class of the query sample. Extensive experiments on UCI and KEEL data sets are carried out by comparing ALMKNCN to the state-of-art KNN-based methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ALMKNCN outperforms the related competitive KNN-based methods with more effectiveness.

关键词： Pattern classification Attention mechanism Data mining K-Nearest Neighbor

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SP-Chain: Boosting Intra-Shard and Cross-Shard Security and performance in Blockchain Sharding

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Mingzhe Lin, You Wang, Wei Zhang, Jin The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR Singapore The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Safety and Security for Next Generation of Industrial Internet Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

A promising way to overcome the scalability limitations of the current blockchain is to use sharding, which is to split the transaction processing among multiple, smaller groups of nodes. A well-performed blockchain sharding system requires both high performance and high security in both intra- and cross-shard perspectives. However, existing protocols either have issues on protecting security or trade off great performance for security. In this paper, we propose SP-Chain, a blockchain sharding system with enhanced Security and performance for both intra- and cross-shard perspectives. For intra-shard aspect, we design a two-phase concurrent voting scheme to provide high system throughput and low transaction confirmation latency. Moreover, we propose an efficient unbiased leader rotation scheme to ensure high performance under malicious behavior. For cross-shard aspect, a proof-assisted efficient cross-shard transaction processing mechanism is proposed to guard the cross-shard transactions with low overhead. We implement SP-Chain based on Harmony, and evaluate its performance via large-scale deployment. Extensive evaluations suggest that SP-Chain can process more than 10,000 tx/sec under malicious behaviors with a confirmation latency of 7.6s in a network of 4,000 nodes. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blockchain

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Comparison of Multi-Phase Power Converters and Power Delivery Networks for Next-Generation Space Architectures

Comparison of Multi-Phase Power Converters and Power Deliver...

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IEEE Conference on Aerospace

作者： Nicholas Franconi Thomas Cook Christopher Wilson Alan D. George NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Science Data Processing Branch Code 587 Software Engineering Division Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NSF Center for Space High-Performance and Resilient Computing (SHREC) University of Pittsburgh

Next-generation spacecraft developers are earnestly investigating the application of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms onboard to enable new mission concepts for space exploration and science. However, the current generation of radiation-hardened processors are inferior compared to commercial-off-the-shelf alternatives in terms of the computational performance required by modern AI applications. To address this disparity, space-system designers have started employing novel radiation-tolerant architectures combining both commercial and radiation-hardened components to mitigate radiation effects at a system level. Unfortunately, developing single-board computers with radiation-tolerant, high-performance processors is challenging because designers must balance the sparce selection of radiation-hardened power converters and high-reliability decoupling capacitors with SmallSat/CubeSat area constraints and limited thermal conduction. Consequently, the next-generation of space processors, including the AMD-Xilinx Versal Adaptive Compute Acceleration Platform require demanding power solutions capable of supplying core rails with 0.8V ± 18mV and currents up to 150 A. In this paper, we present a multifaceted analysis of the power system and decoupling network for a future Versal-based design. We developed preliminary power estimates based on expected processor and FPGA resource utilization for common AI processing applications. These estimates drive the power system requirements and a comparative analysis of single-phase integrated converters and multi-phase discrete converters for high-current FPGA supplies. We develop a tradespace between the number of phases, input voltage, load current, switching frequency, power efficiency, and printed circuit board area. Finally, we design and simulate four power delivery networks based on commercial, high-reliability, and flight-qualified capacitors to compare the efficacy of 0201 decoupling capacitors in flight missions.

关键词： Rails Program processors Capacitors Voltage Power systems Resource management Artificial intelligence

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Software engineering for IoT-driven data analytics applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ahmad, Aakash Fahmideh, Mahdi Altamimi, Ahmed B. Katib, Iyad Albeshri, Aiiad Alreshidi, Abdulrahman Alanazi, Adwan Mehmood, Rashid Abbasi, Ahmad College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha'il Saudi Arabia School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong Australia Department of Computer Science FCIT King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia High Performance Computing Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Internet of Things Driven Data Analytics (IoT-DA) has the potential to excel data-driven operationalisation of smart environments. However, limited research exists on how IoT-DA applications are designed, implemented, operationalised, and evolved in the context of software and system engineering life-cycle. This article empirically derives a framework that could be used to systematically investigate the role of software engineering (SE) processes and their underlying practices to engineer IoT-DA applications. First, using existing frameworks and taxonomies, we develop an evaluation framework to evaluate software processes, methods, and other artefacts of SE for IoT-DA. Secondly, we perform a systematic mapping study to qualitatively select 16 processes (from academic research and industrial solutions) of SE for IoT-DA. Thirdly, we apply our developed evaluation framework based on 17 distinct criterion (a.k.a. process activities) for fine-grained investigation of each of the 16 SE processes. Fourthly, we apply our proposed framework on a case study to demonstrate development of an IoT-DA healthcare application. Finally, we highlight key challenges, recommended practices, and the lessons learnt based on framework's support for process-centric software engineering of IoT-DA. The results of this research can facilitate researchers and practitioners to engineer emerging and next-generation of IoT-DA software applications. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Data Analytics

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Retention Leveling: Leverage Retention Refreshing and Wear Leveling Techniques to Enhance Flash Reliability with the Awareness of Temperature

Retention Leveling: Leverage Retention Refreshing and Wear L...

引用

IEEE Non-Volatile Memory Systems and Applications Symposium (NVMSA)

作者： Wei-Chen Wang Chien-Chung Ho Yuan-Hao Chang Tei-Wei Kuo Yu-Ming Chang Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Depanment of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University High Performance and Scientific Computing Center National Taiwan University Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Wolley Inc.

Wear leveling cannot entirely mitigate retention errors, which have recently become $a$ substantial reliability issue due to cell shrinking. This paper focuses on preserving accurate data by addressing retention errors rather than uniformly distributing erases across blocks, as maintaining accurate data is the true goal for enhancing reliability. We propose the concept of retention leveling, considering $a$ crucial factor, i.e., temperature, and compare it to traditional wear leveling. Experimental results demonstrate that retention leveling can significantly improve flash memory reliability by limiting the number of retention errors to merely 0.0019% of the conventional approach, while substantially alleviating the write amplification problem.

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Fast OpenFlow Table Lookup with Fast Update

Fast OpenFlow Table Lookup with Fast Update

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： Tong Yang Alex X. Liu Yulong Shen Qiaobin Fu Dagang Li Xiaoming Li Collaborative Innovation Center of High Performance Computing NUDT China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University USA Xidian University China Boston University USA Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School China Department of Computer Science Peking University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538641293

Software-Defined Networking (SDN), which separates the control plane and data plane, is a promising new network architecture for the Future Internet. OpenFlow is the de facto standard which defines the communication protocol between the controller and switches. The most challenging issue in OpenFlow switches is the lookup of multiple OpenFlow tables. The lookup of OpenFlow tables is so complicated that the state-of-the-art research are still focusing on the design of lookup pipeline architecture, and there is no specific algorithm for the lookup of OpenFlow tables. In this paper, we revise the long-pipeline architecture of OpenFlow 1.4 to a 5-stage pipeline architecture to make a trade-off between flexibility and implementability, and decompose the lookup of OpenFlow tables into three kinds of lookup: longest prefix matching (IP lookup), multi-field matching (packet classification), and exact matching. Then we design new algorithms for packet classification, because the state-of-the-art solutions for them seldom support fast update which is highly demanding for OpenFlow. The other two kinds of lookups can be well handled by state-of-the-art. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithms work excellently, and outperform state-of-the-art solutions.

关键词： computer architecture IP networks Pipelines Pipeline processing Classification algorithms Conferences Protocols

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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Cultural-Aware AI Model for Emotion Recognition

Cultural-Aware AI Model for Emotion Recognition

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Iranian Machine Vision and Image Processing (MVIP)

作者： Mehrdad Baradaran Payam Zohari Abtin Mahyar Hossein Motamednia Dara Rahmati Saeid Gorgin Department of Computer and Data Sciences Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Department of Computer Engineering Khaje Nasir University Of Technology Tehran Iran High Performance Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Department of Computer Engineering Chosun University Gwangju South Korea

Emotion AI is a research domain that aims to understand human emotions from visual or textual data. However, existing methods often ignore the influence of cultural diversity on emotional interpretation. In this paper, we propose a multimodal deep learning model that integrates cultural awareness into emotion recognition. Our model uses images as the primary data source and comments from individuals across different regions as the secondary data source. Our results show that our model achieves robust performance across various scenarios. Our contribution is to introduce a novel fusion approach that bridges cultural gaps and fosters a more nuanced understanding of emotions. Due to the best of our knowledge, few works are using this approach, for Emotion AI, combining different types of data sources and models. We evaluate our model on the ArtELingo dataset, which contains image-comment pairs with Chinese, Arabic, and English annotations. The experimental results in the evaluation phase demonstrate an impressive 80% recognition accuracy for the model that merges image-text features.

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引用

IEEE Non-Volatile Memory Systems and Applications Symposium (NVMSA)

作者： Shih-Chun Chou Yi-Shen Chen Ping-Xiang Chen Yuan-Hao Chang Ming-Chang Yang Tei-Wei Kuo Yu-Fang Chen Yu-Ming Chang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence High Performance and Scientific Computing Center National Taiwan University Wolley Inc.

Recently, solid-state drives (SSDs) have been widely used in modern storage systems because of their excellent access performance and high energy efficiency. Therefore, secure deletion is critical for users to protect their data privacy against unauthorized access. However, the inherent access characteristics of SSDs bring in a grand challenge to thoroughly remove the sensitive data from the storage devices or make them inaccessible permanently. Moreover, the existing erase mechanism of SSDs may indirectly reduce the SSD lifetime when performing a secure deletion because of the massive block erases. To address these issues, we propose FSD, a file-related secure deletion that exploits the file information hints via multi-streamed SSDs to optimize the data allocation to alleviate the impact of secure deletion for prolonging SSD lifetime. The extensive experiments show that FSD satisfies the requirement of secure deletion and significantly prolongs the SSD lifetime by mitigating about 80% of block erases as well as extra data movement.

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AQuA: an adaptive architecture that provides dependable distributed objects

AQuA: an adaptive architecture that provides dependable dist...

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Reliable Distributed Systems

作者： M. Cukier J. Ren C. Sabnis D. Henke J. Pistole W.H. Sanders D.E. Bakken M.E. Berman D.A. Karr R.E. Schantz Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory and Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA BBN Technologies Inc. Cambridge MA USA

Dependable distributed systems are difficult to build. This is particularly true if they have dependability requirements that change during the execution of an application, and are built with commercial off-the-shelf hardware. In that case, fault tolerance must be achieved using middleware software, and mechanisms must be provided to communicate the dependability requirements of a distributed application to the system and to adapt the system's configuration to try to achieve the desired dependability. The AQuA architecture allows distributed applications to request a desired level of availability using the Quality Objects (QuO) framework and includes a dependability manager that attempts to meet requested availability levels by configuring the system in response to outside requests and changes in system resources due to faults. The AQuA architecture uses the QuO runtime to process and invoke availability requests, the Proteus dependability manager to configure the system in response to faults and availability requests, and the Ensemble protocol stack to provide group communication services. Furthermore, a CORBA interface is provided to application objects using the AQuA gateway. The gateway provides a mechanism to translate between process-level communication, as supported by Ensemble, and IIOP messages, understood by Object Request Brokers. Both active and passive replication are supported, and the replication type to use is chosen based on the performance and dependability requirements of particular distributed applications.

关键词： Availability Application software computer architecture Hardware Fault tolerant systems Middleware Communication system software Quality management Resource management Runtime

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