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Modeling and simulation of human upper airway

作者： Liu, Zishun Xu, Xiangguo Lim, Franco Fang Jeng Luo, Xiaoyu Van Hirtum, Annemie Hill, N.A. Institute of High Performance Computing Fusionopolis Way 16-16 Connexis 138632 Singapore Engineering Science Programme National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Mathematics University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QW United Kingdom Département Parole et Cognition GIPSA-Lab University of Grenoble CNRS 5216 46 Av. Felix Viallet Grenoble 38031 France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540790389

Snoring might indicate the first stage of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome, and has received much attention in recent years. Previous studies on snoring have shown that upper airway narrowing, collapse, and resistance are predisposing factors for snoring and OSA. However, further research work is needed to understand the mechanisms of snoring. Although there have been many CFD studies modeling nasal turbulence, the larynx and vocal folds, most are limited to lumped one- or two- dimensional cases, or three-dimensional problems with over-simplified physics, e.g. rigid rather than flexible walls. In this study, we address the impact of fluid-structure interactions by using a three-dimensional numerical simulation of an experimental upper airway model, which is constructed to mimic the interaction of the deformation of the soft palate and adjacent tissues with a pressurized airflow (breathing) during sleep. The model consists of a deformable structure domain and its associated airflow domain. The results of the numerical simulation are compared with the experimental data. In addition, Interesting flow fields and pressure distributions are revealed. The fluid structure interaction model can be developed further to study the more realistic human upper airway problems. © 2010 International Federation for Medical and Biological engineering.

关键词： Fluid structure interaction

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Camera movement for chasing a subject with unknown behavior based on real-time viewpoint goodness evaluation

Camera movement for chasing a subject with unknown behavior ...

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作者： Ozaki, Maya Gobeawan, Like Kitaoka, Shinya Hamazaki, Hirofumi Kitamura, Yoshifumi Lindeman, Robert W. Human Interface Engineering Lab. Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka 565-0871 Suita Osaka Japan Advanced Computing Institute of High Performance Computing Fusionopolis 1 Fusionopolis Way 138632 Singapore Singapore Sharp Corporation 22-22 Nagaike-cho 545-8522 Abeno-ku Osaka Japan Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira 980-8577 Aoba-ku Sendai Japan Computer Science Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Road Worcester MA 01609-2280 United States

We propose a method that automatically generates a smooth chase camera movement to follow a subject, a user-controlled character or a character with unknown behaviors, in a 3D environment freely in real time. We consider three objectives in generating the smooth-camera movement: to avoid collisions with obstacles, to avoid subject occlusions, and to choose a good viewpoint for looking at the subject. We evaluate the goodness of viewpoints by using a viewpoint entropy map and choose the best viewpoint as the goal position of the camera in real time. Afterwards, we move the camera toward the goal position by following the shortest path, found by the A* algorithm, on a roadmap graph. The resulting camera movement has a high degree of freedom and fulfills the three objectives above. Our method is effective for third-person-view 3D applications in tracking the real-time movement of user-controlled characters in exploring a 3D environment. © Springer-Verlag 2010.

关键词： Motion planning

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Stretchable silicon electronics and their integration with rubber, plastic, paper, vinyl, leather and fabric substrates

Stretchable silicon electronics and their integration with r...

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作者： Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Yun-Soung Liu, Zhuangjian Song, Jizhou Kim, Hoon-Sik Huang, Yonggang Y. Rogers, John A. Departments of Materials Science and Engineering Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Beckman Institute 1304 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 United States Institute of High Performance Computing 1 Science Park Road #01-01 The Capricorn Singapore Science Park 11 117528 Singapore Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL 33146 United States Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 United States Departments of Chemistry Mechanical Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1304 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781617387555

Electronic systems that offer elastic mechanical responses to high strain deformations are of growing interest, due to their ability to enable new electrical, optical and biomedical devices and other applications whose requirements are impossible to satisfy with conventional wafer-based technologies or even with those that offer simple bendability. This paper describes materials and mechanical design strategies for classes of electronic circuits that offer extremely high flexibility and stretchability over large area, enabling them to accommodate even demanding deformation modes, such as twisting and linear stretching to 'rubber-band' levels of strain over 100%. The use of printed single crystalline silicon nanomaterials for the semiconductor provides performance in flexible and stretchable complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits approaching that of conventional devices with comparable feature sizes formed on silicon wafers. Comprehensive theoretical studies of the mechanics reveal the way in which the structural designs enable these extreme mechanical properties without fracturing the intrinsically brittle active materials or even inducing significant changes in their electrical properties. The results, as demonstrated through electrical measurements of arrays of transistors, CMOS inverters, ring oscillators and differential amplifiers, suggest a valuable route to high performance stretchable electronics that can be integrated with nearly arbitrary substrates. We show examples ranging from plastic and rubber, to vinyl, leather and paper, with capability for large area coverage. © 2010 Materials Research Society.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Using unified parallel C to parallelize the FDTD method of computational electrodynamics

Using unified parallel C to parallelize the FDTD method of c...

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2009 IEEE 13th International Multitopic Conference, INMIC 2009

作者： Hussain, A. Shafi, A. Raza, J. Center for High Performance Scientific Computing Department of Computing NUST School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448722

This paper discusses a parallel implementation of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method using Unified Parallel C (UPC). UPC is an extension of ANSI C - primarily designed for programming distributed memory parallel hardware. The FDTD method is a powerful and widely used numerical technique in computational electromagnetics community. It is a resource - CPU cycles and memory - hungry technique. Consequently, a parallel implementation is highly desirable to decrease time-to-solution and be able to study larger problems with limited resources. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to exploit UPC to parallelize the FDTD method. We evaluate the performance of our implementation on a cluster of four SunFire v890 compute nodes-each equipped with 16 processing cores - and report impressive speedups. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Finite difference time domain method

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Using a performance-based skeleton to implement divisible load applications on grid computing environments

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Journal of Information science and engineering 2009年第1期25卷 59-81页

作者： Shih, Wen-Chung Yang, Chao-Tung Tseng, Shian-Shyong Department of Information Science and Applications Asia University Taichung 413 Taiwan High-Performance Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

Applications with divisible loads have such a rich source of parallelism that their parallelization can significantly reduce their total completion time on grid computing environments. However, it is a challenge for grid users, probably scientists and engineers, to develop their applications which can exploit the computing power of the grid. We propose a performance-based skeleton algorithm for implementing divisible load applications on grids. Following this skeleton, novice grid programmers can easily develop a high performance grid application. To examine the performance of programs developed by this approach, we apply this skeleton to implement three kinds of applications and conduct experiments on our grid test-bed. Experimental results show that programs implemented by this approach run more rapidly than those using conventional scheduling schemes.

关键词： Grid computing

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Corrigendum to “A general methodology for direction-based irregular routing algorithms” [J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 70 (2010) 363–370]

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Journal of Parallel and Distributed computing 2010年第5期70卷 623-623页

作者： R. Moraveji H. Sarbazi-Azad A.Y. Zomaya Centre for Distributed and High Performance Computing School of Information Technologies The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia School of Computer Science Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Tehran Iran Department of Computer Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

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Data-driven batch scheduling

Data-driven batch scheduling

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2nd International Workshop on Data-Aware Distributed computing, DADC 2009, Co-located with the ACM/IEEE International Conference on high performance Distributed computing, HPDC 2009

作者： Bent, John Denehy, Timothy E. Livny, Miron Arpaci-Dusseau, Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, Remzi H. Department of High Performance Computing Los Alamos National Lab. Los Alamos NM United States Department of Computer Science University of Wisconsin Madison WI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585895

In this paper, we develop data-driven strategies for batch computing schedulers. Current CPU-centric batch schedulers ignore the data needs within workloads and execute them by linking them transparently and directly to their needed data. When scheduled on remote computational resources, this elegant solution of direct data access can incur an order of magnitude performance penalty for data-intensive workloads. Adding data-awareness to batch schedulers allows a careful coordination of data and CPU allocation thereby reducing the cost of remote execution. We offer here new techniques by which batch schedulers can become data-driven. Such systems can use our analytical predictive models to select one of the four data-driven scheduling policies that we have created. Through simulation, we demonstrate the accuracy of our predictive models and show how they can reduce time to completion for some workloads by as much as 80%. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Scheduling

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Data mining analysis to validate performance tuning practices for HPL

Data mining analysis to validate performance tuning practice...

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2009 IEEE International Conference on Cluster computing and Workshops, CLUSTER '09

作者： Tan, Tuan Zea Mong Goh, Rick Siow March, Verdi See, Simon Advanced Computing Institute of High Performance Computing Singapore Singapore Asia-Pacific Science and Technology Center Sun Microsystems Inc. Department of Computer Science National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781424450121

Applications performance is a criterion for system evaluation, and hence performance tuning for these applications is of great interest. One such benchmark application is high performance Linpack (HPL). Although guidelines exist for HPL tuning, validating these guidelines on various systems is a challenging task as a large number of configurations need to be tested. In this work, we use data mining analysis to reduce the number of configurations to be tested in validating the HPL tuning guidelines on the Ranger System. We validate that NB, P and Q are the three most important parameters to tune HPL, and that PMAP does not have a significant impact on HPL performance. We also validate the practice of tuning HPL at small N using data mining analysis. We find that the value of N selected for tuning should not be significantly smaller than the largest N that can fit into the system memory. Our results indicate that data mining could be further applied to application performance tuning. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Data mining

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Privacy preservation in social networks with sensitive edge weights

Privacy preservation in social networks with sensitive edge ...

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9th SIAM International Conference on Data Mining 2009, SDM 2009

作者： Liu, Lian Wang, Jie Liu, Jinze Zhang, Jun Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States Computer Science Department Minnesota State University Mankato 273 Wissink Hall Mankato MN 56001 United States Department of Computer Science College of Engineering University of Kentucky 237 Hardymon Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615671090

With the development of emerging social networks, such as Facebook and MySpace, security and privacy threats arising from social network analysis bring a risk of disclosure of confidential knowledge when the social network data is shared or made public. In addition to the current social network anonymity de-identification techniques, we study a situation, such as in a business transaction network, in which weights are attached to network edges that are considered to be confidential (e.g., transactions). We consider perturbing the weights of some edges to preserve data privacy when the network is published, while retaining the shortest path and the approximate cost of the path between some pairs of nodes in the original network. We develop two privacy-preserving strategies for this application. The first strategy is based on a Gaussian randomization multiplication, the second one is a greedy perturbation algorithm based on graph theory. In particular, the second strategy not only yields an approximate length of the shortest path while maintaining the shortest path between selected pairs of nodes, but also maximizes privacy preservation of the original weights. We present experimental results to support our mathematical analysis.

关键词： Graph theory

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A sample identification and tracking system for biobanks

A sample identification and tracking system for biobanks

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2009 22nd IEEE International Symposium on computer-Based Medical Systems, CBMS 2009

作者： Zarabzadeh, Atieh Hayati, Farzad William G Watson, R. Bradley, Geoff Grimson, Jane Centre for Health Informatics Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin United States The Department of Electronic Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Birmingham United Kingdom UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science UCD Conway Institute of Biomo Lecular and Biomedical Research University College Dublin United States Trinity Centre for High Performance Computing Trinity College Dublin United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448784

The discovery of biomarkers and the underlying causes of diseases are enabled through the analysis of biological samples and data stored in biobanks. Biological samples and their associated data are expensive to collect and maintain, and it is important to store and manage them efficiently. During processing, samples and data go through a number of procedures and techniques, which are often in different locations and by individuals with different access permissions. It is essential to maintain the link between the samples and their associated data throughout the processes they undergo. This paper presents a novel system of tracking samples and data from collection through processing to storage and retrieval, which is based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. This system ensures the security and reliability of sample data as well as locationindependent recording and updating of sample data, as they move along the workflow. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Radio frequency identification (RFID)

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