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Kidney Tumor Detection and Classification Based on Deep Learning Approaches: A New Dataset in CT Scans

Journal of Healthcare engineering 2022年第1期2022卷 3861161页

作者： Alzu'Bi, Dalia Abdullah, Malak Hmeidi, Ismail Alazab, Rami Gharaibeh, Maha El-Heis, Mwaffaq Almotairi, Khaled H. Forestiero, Agostino Hussein, Ahmad Mohdaziz Abualigah, Laith Department of Computer Information Systems Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid2210 Jordan Department of General Surgery and Urology University of Science and Technology Irbid22110 Jordan Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid2210 Jordan Computer Engineering Department Computer and Information Systems College Umm Al-Qura University Makkah21955 Saudi Arabia Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking CNR CS Rende Italy Deanship of E-Learning and Distance Education Umm Al-Qura University Makkah21955 Saudi Arabia Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman19328 Jordan Faculty of Information Technology Middle East University Amman11831 Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang11800 Malaysia

Kidney tumor (KT) is one of the diseases that have affected our society and is the seventh most common tumor in both men and women worldwide. The early detection of KT has significant benefits in reducing death rates, producing preventive measures that reduce effects, and overcoming the tumor. Compared to the tedious and time-consuming traditional diagnosis, automatic detection algorithms of deep learning (DL) can save diagnosis time, improve test accuracy, reduce costs, and reduce the radiologist's workload. In this paper, we present detection models for diagnosing the presence of KTs in computed tomography (CT) scans. Toward detecting and classifying KT, we proposed 2D-CNN models;three models are concerning KT detection such as a 2D convolutional neural network with six layers (CNN-6), a ResNet50 with 50 layers, and a VGG16 with 16 layers. The last model is for KT classification as a 2D convolutional neural network with four layers (CNN-4). In addition, a novel dataset from the King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) has been collected that consists of 8,400 images of 120 adult patients who have performed CT scans for suspected kidney masses. The dataset was divided into 80% for the training set and 20% for the testing set. The accuracy results for the detection models of 2D CNN-6 and ResNet50 reached 97%, 96%, and 60%, respectively. At the same time, the accuracy results for the classification model of the 2D CNN-4 reached 92%. Our novel models achieved promising results;they enhance the diagnosis of patient conditions with high accuracy, reducing radiologist's workload and providing them with a tool that can automatically assess the condition of the kidneys, reducing the risk of misdiagnosis. Furthermore, increasing the quality of healthcare service and early detection can change the disease's track and preserve the patient's life. © 2022 Dalia Alzu'bi et al.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Surgical video workflow analysis via visual-language learning

npj Health Systems

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npj Health Systems 2025年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： Pengpeng Li Xiangbo Shu Jinhui Tang Chun-Mei Feng Yifei Feng Wangmeng Zuo School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Republic of Singapore The First School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

Surgical video workflow analysis has made intensive development in computer-assisted surgery by combining deep learning models, aiming to enhance surgical scene analysis and decision-making. However, previous research has primarily focused on coarse-grained analysis of surgical videos, e.g., phase recognition, instrument recognition, and triplet recognition that only considers relationships within surgical triplets. In order to provide a more comprehensive fine-grained analysis of surgical videos, this work focuses on accurately identifying triplets from surgical videos. Specifically, we propose a vision-language deep learning framework that incorporates intra- and inter- triplet modeling, termed I2TM, to explore the relationships among triplets and leverage the model understanding of the entire surgical process, thereby enhancing the accuracy and robustness of recognition. Besides, we also develop a new surgical triplet semantic enhancer (TSE) to establish semantic relationships, both intra- and inter-triplets, across visual and textual modalities. Extensive experimental results on surgical video benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach can capture finer semantics, achieve effective surgical video understanding and analysis, with potential for widespread medical applications.

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Characterization of State-Preparation Uncertainty in Quantum Key Distribution

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第1期19卷 014048-014048页

作者： Anqi Huang Akihiro Mizutani Hoi-Kwong Lo Vadim Makarov Kiyoshi Tamaki Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People’s Republic of China Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Department of Physics Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control (CQIQC) University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L5 Canada Russian Quantum Center Skolkovo Moscow 121205 Russia Shanghai Branch National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai 201315 People’s Republic of China NTI Center for Quantum Communications National University of Science and Technology MISiS Moscow 119049 Russia Faculty of Engineering University of Toyama Gofuku 3190 Toyama 930-8555 Japan

To achieve secure quantum key distribution, all imperfections in the source unit must be incorporated in a security proof and measured in the lab. Here we perform a proof-of-principle demonstration of the experimental techniques for characterizing the source phase and intensity fluctuation in commercial quantum key distribution systems. When we apply the measured phase-fluctuation intervals to the security proof that takes into account fluctuations in the state preparation, it predicts a key distribution distance of over 100km of fiber. The measured intensity fluctuation intervals are, however, so large that the proof predicts zero key, indicating a source improvement may be needed. Our characterization methods pave the way for a future certification standard.

关键词： Fluctuations & noise Optical quantum information processing Quantum cryptography Quantum engineering Quantum state engineering

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Weakly supervised learning for textbook question answering

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Ma, Jie Chai, Qi Huang, Jingyue Liu, Jun You, Yang Zheng, Qinghua National Engineering Lab for Big Data Analytics School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Satellite and Terrestrial Network Tech. R&D School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The High Performance Computing for Artificial intelligence Lab Department of Computer Science National University of Singapore 117417 Singapore

Textbook Question Answering (TQA) is the task of answering diagram and non-diagram questions given large multimodal contexts consisting of abundant text and diagrams. Deep text understandings and effective learning of diagram semantics are important for this task due to its specificity. In this paper, we propose a Weakly Supervised learning method for TQA (WSTQ), which regards the incompletely accurate results of essential intermediate procedures for this task as supervision to develop Text Matching (TM) and Relation Detection (RD) tasks and then employs the tasks to motivate itself to learn strong text comprehension and excellent diagram semantics respectively. Specifically, we apply the result of text retrieval to build positive as well as negative text pairs. In order to learn deep text understandings, we first pre-train the text understanding module of WSTQ on TM and then fine-tune it on TQA. We build positive as well as negative relation pairs by checking whether there is any overlap between the items/regions detected from diagrams using object detection. The RD task forces our method to learn the relationships between regions, which are crucial to express the diagram semantics. We train WSTQ on RD and TQA simultaneously, i.e., multitask learning, to obtain effective diagram semantics and then improve the TQA performance. Extensive experiments are carried out on CK12-QA and AI2D to verify the effectiveness of WSTQ. Experimental results show that our method achieves significant accuracy improvements of 5.02% and 4.12% on test splits of the above datasets respectively than the current state-of-the-art baseline. We have released our code on https://***/dr-majie/WSTQ. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

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RFAE: A high-robust feature selector based on fractal autoencoder

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Expert Systems with Applications 2025年 285卷

作者： Ou, Jingfeng Li, Jiawei Xia, Zhiliang Dai, Shurui Guo, Yan Jiang, Limin Tang, Jijun College of Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518107 China Department of Public Health Sciences University of Miami Miami FL33136 United States Centre for High Performance Computing Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China

Feature selection aims to consistently identify an optimal subset of features that effectively represents the entire dataset or enhances performance in downstream tasks. While deep learning-based approaches have made significant progress in feature selection, they continue to face key challenges, including instability in selected features, limited receptive fields in feature-selection layers due to architectural constraints, and suboptimal utilization of available sample information. To address these limitations, we propose the Robust Fractal Autoencoder (RFAE), an enhanced variant of the Fractal Autoencoder (FAE) designed to improve feature selection stability and adaptability. RFAE introduces three critical advancements: 1) Novel utilization of weight exponentiation to rectify the concern of FAE selecting a reduced number of features than designated. 2) Adoption of a dynamic and tailored strategy to optimize feature selection weights during the training process. 3) Introduction of a optional classification module, facilitating extension to supervised feature selection scenarios. We systematically evaluate RFAE against 14 established feature selection methods. Our experiments span 14 publicly available benchmark datasets, a large-scale GEO gene expression dataset, and a synthetic dataset with known ground-truth features. The results demonstrate that RFAE consistently selects features that achieve lower reconstruction errors while ensuring higher stability across repeated experiments, highlighting its robustness and effectiveness in feature selection tasks. © 2025

关键词： Feature Selection

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Dual Interactive Graph Convolutional Networks for Hyperspectral Image Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2022年 60卷 1页

作者： Wan, Sheng Pan, Shirui Zhong, Ping Chang, Xiaojun Yang, Jian Gong, Chen Pca Laboratory Key Lab. of Intelligent Percept. and Syst. for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Image and Video Understanding for Social Security School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Faculty of Information Technology Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Atr National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Pca Laboratory Key Lab. of Intelligent Percept. and Syst. for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Hong Kong

Recently, graph convolutional network (GCN) has progressed significantly and gained increasing attention in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification due to its impressive representation power. However, existing GCN-based methods do not give full consideration to the multiscale spatial information, since the convolution operations are governed by fixed neighborhood. As a result, their performances can be limited, particularly in the regions with diverse land cover appearances. In this article, we develop a new dual interactive GCN (DIGCN) which introduces the dual GCN branches to capture spatial information at different scales. More significantly, the dual interactive module is embedded across the GCN branches, so that the correlation of multiscale spatial information can be leveraged to refine the graph information. To be concrete, the edge information contained in one GCN branch can be refined by incorporating the feature representations from the other branch. Analogously, improved feature representations can be generated in one GCN branch by fusing the edge information from the other branch. As such, the refined graph information can help enhance the representation power of the model. Furthermore, to avoid the negative effects of the manually constructed graph, our proposed model adaptively learns a discriminative region-induced graph, which also accelerates the convolution operation. We comprehensively evaluate the proposed method on four commonly used HSI benchmark data sets, and the state-of-the-art results can be achieved when compared with several typical HSI classification methods. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Elastic films of single-crystal two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (vol 630, pg 878, 2024)

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NATURE 2024年第8030期633卷 E4-E4页

作者： Yang, Yonghang Liang, Baokun Kreie, Jakob Hambsch, Mike Liang, Zihao Wang, Cheng Huang, Senhe Dong, Xin Gong, Li Liang, Chaolun Lou, Dongyang Zhou, Zhipeng Lu, Jiaxing Yang, Yang Zhuang, Xiaodong Qi, Haoyuan Kaiser, Ute Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B. Liu, Wei Golzhauser, Armin Zheng, Zhikun Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films School of Chemistry IGCME and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Jieyang Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Jieyang Guangdong China Central Facility of Electron Microscopy Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science Universität Ulm Ulm Germany Faculty of Physics Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Instrumental Analysis Research Center Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangzhou China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China

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SYNAPSE: An international roadmap to large brain imaging

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Physics Reports 2023年第1期999卷 1-60页

作者： Stampfl, Anton P.J. Liu, Zhongdong Hu, Jun Sawada, Kei Takano, H. Kohmura, Yoshiki Ishikawa, Tetsuya Lim, Jae-Hong Je, Jung-Ho Low, Chian-Ming Teo, Alvin Tok, Eng Soon Tan, Tin Wee Ban, Kenneth Libedinsky, Camilo Tan, Francis Chee Kuan Chen, Kuan-Peng Yang, An-Cheng Chuang, Chao-Chun Chen, Nan-Yow Shih, Chi-Tin Lee, Ting-Kuo Yang, De-Nian Lai, Hsu-Chao Shuai, Hong-Han Cheng, Chang-Chieh Ching, Yu-Tai Li, Chia-Wei Charng, Ching-Che Lo, Chung-Chuan Chiang, Ann-Shyn Recur, Benoit Petibois, Cyril Cheng, Chia-Liang Chen, Hsiang-Hsin Yang, Shun-Min Hwu, Yeukuang Rojviriya, Catleya Rugmai, Supagorn Rujirawat, Saroj Margaritondo, Giorgio Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization Lucas Heights 2234 NSW Australia Henan university of Technology Zhengzhou China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai China RIKEN SPring-8 Center Hyogo 679-5148 Japan Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Gyeongbuk Pohang 37673 South Korea Department of Pharmacology Department of Anaesthesia and Healthy Longevity Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore School of Chemical and Life Sciences Nanyang Polytechnic Singapore eMaGIC-Lab Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore National Supercomputing Center Singapore Department of Psychology The N1 Institute for Health National University of Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR Singapore Department of Anaesthesia National University Hospital National University Health System Singapore National Center for High-Performance Computing Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Information Technology Service Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Life Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Systems Neuroscience and Brain Research Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Physics National Dong Hwa University

Since 2020, synchrotron radiation facilities in several Asia-Pacific countries have been collaborating in a major project called “SYNAPSE” (Synchrotrons for Neuroscience: an Asia-Pacific Scientific Enterprise). They use x-ray imaging to attack in a coordinated fashion one of the major issues in modern science: the structure of animal and human brains, including neurons and connections. The objective is to develop Google-like maps also including detailed structural and functional information for selected regions of interest. The sheer mass of data needed for the objective poses huge problems for the acquisition, processing, storage and use of images. In order to complete the task within a reasonable time, the key element of the SYNAPSE strategy is the parallel and coordinated work of several facilities on the same specimens. This article reviews different aspects of the enterprise, including the foundations of synchrotron radiation, coherence and of its role in advanced imaging, electron accelerators, x-ray optics and detectors. This will provide the foundation for an extensive presentation of the different components of SYNAPSE, with an overview of results already obtained within the consortium. © 2022

关键词： Brain mapping Phase contrast Radiology Supercomputing Synchrotron X-rays

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You only look yourself: Unsupervised and untrained single image dehazing neural network

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Boyun Gou, Yuanbiao Gu, Shuhang Liu, Jerry Zitao Zhou, Joey Tianyi Peng, Xi College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney TAL AI Lab Beijing China Institute of High Performance Computing ASTAR Singapore

In this paper, we study two challenging and less-touched problems in single image dehazing, namely, how to make deep learning achieve image dehazing without training on the ground-truth clean image (unsupervised) and a image collection (untrained). An unsupervised neural network will avoid the intensive labor collection of hazy-clean image pairs, and an untrained model is a "real" single image dehazing approach which could remove haze based on only the observed hazy image itself and no extra images is used. Motivated by the layer disentanglement idea, we propose a novel method, called you only look yourself (YOLY) which could be one of the first unsupervised and untrained neural networks for image dehazing. In brief, YOLY employs three jointly subnetworks to separate the observed hazy image into several latent layers, i.e., scene radiance layer, transmission map layer, and atmospheric light layer. After that, these three layers are further composed to the hazy image in a self-supervised manner. Thanks to the unsupervised and untrained characteristics of YOLY, our method bypasses the conventional training paradigm of deep models on hazy-clean pairs or a large scale dataset, thus avoids the labor-intensive data collection and the domain shift issue. Besides, our method also provides an effective learning-based haze transfer solution thanks to its layer disentanglement mechanism. Extensive experiments show the promising performance of our method in image dehazing compared with 14 methods on four databases. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Demulsification

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A Scalable Color-Based Caching Scheme in Telco-CDNs 15

A Scalable Color-Based Caching Scheme in Telco-CDNs

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15th International Conference on Network and Service Management, CNSM 2019

作者： Tran, Anh-Tu Ngoc Diep, Thanh-Dang Nakajima, Takuma Yoshimi, Masato Thoai, Nam Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology VNUHCM High Performance Computing Laboratory Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Viet Nam Service Strategy Sector Strategic Technology Center TIS Inc. Shinjuku-ku Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783903176249

Internet traffic is growing quickly, and it is majorly contributed by the proliferation of video services. Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) reduce the video traffic by storing replicas of videos in their cache servers. Nonetheless, the cache servers are usually located outside Internet Service Providers (ISPs). This implies that CDNs cannot reduce the video traffic inside ISP networks. To mitigate this issue, many ISPs build their own CDNs called Telco-CDNs. Genetic Algorithm-based caching is deemed the best approach in terms of traffic reduction. However, it is not practical since its computation time to generate content allocations is extremely long even when using a cluster. A color-based approach was devised to help overcome the drawback at the expense of its increase in traffic. Nevertheless, in case the number of content categories or requests proliferates quickly, the approach also has the same limitation like the Genetic Algorithm-based caching. To resolve the limitation, we propose two novel techniques to hamper the increase in the computation time. One is able to cope with the situation when the number of content categories increases while the other can deal with the circumstance when the number of requests rises. The empirical results show that the computation time is reduced 5x for the former and 7x for the latter at the expense of 1% and 12% increase in traffic for a problem of 5,000 contents, respectively. © 2019 IFIP.

关键词： Internet service providers

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