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Author Correction: Surface charge as activity descriptors for electrochemical CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products on organic-functionalised Cu

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Nature Communications 2023年第1期14卷 1页

作者： Carina Yi Jing Lim Meltem Yilmaz Albertus D. Handoko Yuangang Zheng Zi Hui Jonathan Khoo Ming Lin Yang Bai Chee Koon Ng Kedar Hippalgaonkar Yee-Fun Lim Gopinathan Sankar Ivan P. Parkin Juan Manuel Arce-Ramos Michael B. Sullivan Jia Zhang Wei Jie Teh Boon Siang Yeo Mark Isaacs Teck Lip Dexter Tam Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis Singapore 138634 Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Chemistry University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK Institute of Sustainability for Chemical Engineering and Environment Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Pesek Road Singapore 627833 Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Fusionopolis Way Connexis Singapore 138632 Singapore Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0FA UK

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A Scalable Color-Based Caching Scheme in Telco-CDNs

A Scalable Color-Based Caching Scheme in Telco-CDNs

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International Conference on Network and Service Management

作者： Anh-Tu Ngoc Tran Thanh-Dang Diep Takuma Nakajima Masato Yoshimi Nam Thoai High Performance Computing Laboratory Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology VNUHCM Vietnam Service Strategy Sector Strategic Technology Center TIS Inc. Shinjuku-ku Japan

ISBN: (数字)9783903176249

ISBN: (纸本)9781728153964

Internet traffic is growing quickly, and it is majorly contributed by the proliferation of video services. Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) reduce the video traffic by storing replicas of videos in their cache servers. Nonetheless, the cache servers are usually located outside Internet Service Providers (ISPs). This implies that CDNs cannot reduce the video traffic inside ISP networks. To mitigate this issue, many ISPs build their own CDNs called Telco-CDNs. Genetic Algorithm-based caching is deemed the best approach in terms of traffic reduction. However, it is not practical since its computation time to generate content allocations is extremely long even when using a cluster. A color-based approach was devised to help overcome the drawback at the expense of its increase in traffic. Nevertheless, in case the number of content categories or requests proliferates quickly, the approach also has the same limitation like the Genetic Algorithm-based caching. To resolve the limitation, we propose two novel techniques to hamper the increase in the computation time. One is able to cope with the situation when the number of content categories increases while the other can deal with the circumstance when the number of requests rises. The empirical results show that the computation time is reduced 5x for the former and 7x for the latter at the expense of 1% and 12% increase in traffic for a problem of 5,000 contents, respectively.

关键词： Xenon Optical fibers

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Observing Geometry of Quantum States in a Three-Level System

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第15期125卷 150401-150401页

作者： Jie Xie Aonan Zhang Ningping Cao Huichao Xu Kaimin Zheng Yiu-Tung Poon Nung-Sing Sze Ping Xu Bei Zeng Lijian Zhang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation (Ministry of Education) College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and School of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of Guelph Guelph N1G 2W1 Ontario Canada Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Ontario Canada Department of Mathematics Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 999077 Hong Kong China Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong China

In quantum mechanics, geometry has been demonstrated as a useful tool for inferring nonclassical behaviors and exotic properties of quantum systems. One standard approach to illustrate the geometry of quantum systems is to project the quantum state space onto the Euclidean space via measurements of observables on the system. Despite the great success of this method in studying two-level quantum systems (qubits) with the celebrated Bloch sphere representation, it is still difficult to reveal the geometry of multidimensional quantum systems. Here we report the first experiment measuring the geometry of such projections beyond the qubit. Specifically, we observe the joint numerical ranges of a triple of observables in a three-level photonic system, providing a complete classification of these ranges. We further show that the geometry of different classes reveals ground-state degeneracies of a Hamiltonian as a linear combination of the observables, which is related to quantum phases in the thermodynamic limit. Our results offer a versatile geometric approach for exploring the properties of higher-dimensional quantum systems.

关键词： Geometric & topological phases Quantum foundations Quantum measurements Quantum phase transitions

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Fast inversion, preconditioned quantum linear system solvers, fast Green's function computation, and fast evaluation of matrix functions

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tong, Yu An, Dong Wiebe, Nathan Lin, Lin Department of Mathematics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Computer Science University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Physics M5S 1A1 University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States High Performance Computing Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354 United States Department of Mathematics Challenge Institute for Quantum Computation University of California Berkeley Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Preconditioning is the most widely used and effective way for treating ill-conditioned linear systems in the context of classical iterative linear system solvers. We introduce a quantum primitive called fast inversion, which can be used as a preconditioner for solving quantum linear systems. The key idea of fast inversion is to directly block-encode a matrix inverse through a quantum circuit implementing the inversion of eigenvalues via classical arithmetics. We demonstrate the application of preconditioned linear system solvers for computing single-particle Green's functions of quantum many-body systems, which are widely used in quantum physics, chemistry, and materials science. We analyze the complexities in three scenarios: the Hubbard model, the quantum many-body Hamiltonian in the planewave-dual basis, and the Schwinger model. We also provide a method for performing Green's function calculation in second quantization within a fixed particle manifold and note that this approach may be valuable for simulation more broadly. Besides solving linear systems, fast inversion also allows us to develop fast algorithms for computing matrix functions, such as the efficient preparation of Gibbs states. We introduce two efficient approaches for such a task, based on the contour integral formulation and the inverse transform respectively. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Personalized item-of-interest recommendation on storage constrained smartphone based on word embedding quantization 22nd

Personalized item-of-interest recommendation on storage cons...

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22nd Pacific-Asia Conference on Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, PAKDD 2018

作者： Huang, Si-Ying Chen, Yung-Yu Chen, Hung-Yuan Chen, Lun-Chi Fan, Yao-Chung Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan National Center for High-Performance Computing Hsinchu Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute Zhudong Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319930398

In recent years, word embedding models receive tremendous research attentions due to their capability of capturing textual semantics. This study investigates the issue of employing word embedding models into resource-limited smartphones for personalized item recommendation. The challenge lies in that the existing embedding models are often too large to fit into a resource-limited smartphones. One naive idea is to incorporate a secondary storage by residing the model in the secondary storage and processing recommendation with the secondary storage. However, this idea suffers from the burden of additional traffics. To this end, we propose a framework called Word Embedding Quantization (WEQ) that constructs an index upon a given word embedding model and stores the index on the primary storage to enable the use of the word embedding model on smartphones. One challenge for using the index is that the exact user profile is no longer ensured. However, we find that there are opportunities for computing the correct recommendation results by knowing only inexact user profile. In this paper, we propose a series of techniques that leverage the opportunities for computing candidates with the goal of minimizing the accessing cost to a secondary storage. Experiments are made to verify the efficiency of the proposed techniques, which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed framework. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018.

关键词： Embeddings

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Mapping the intrinsic photocurrent streamlines through micromagnetic heterostructure devices

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Mayes, Morgan Farahmand, Farima Grossnickle, Maxwell Lohmann, Mark Aldosary, Mohammed Li, Junxue Aji, Vivek Shi, Jing Song, Justin C.W. Gabor, Nathaniel M. Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California 900 University Avenue RiversideCA92521 United States Laboratory of Quantum Materials Optoelectronics Materials Science and Engineering Building University of California Room 179 RiversideCA92521 United States School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Division of Physics and Applied Physics Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing Agency of Science Technology and Research Singapore138632 Singapore

Like air flowing over a wing, optimizing the flow of electronic charge is essential to the operation of nanoscale devices. Unfortunately, the delicate interplay of charge, spin, and heat in complex devices has precluded detailed imaging of charge flow. Here, we report on the visualization of intrinsic charge current streamlines through yttrium iron garnet micromagnetic heterostructures. Scanning photovoltage microscopy of precisely designed devices leads to striking spatial patterns, with prominent photovoltage features emerging in corners and narrow constrictions. These patterns, which evolve continuously with rotation of an external magnetic field, enable rich spatial mapping of fluid-like flow. Taking inspiration from aerodynamic Clark Y airfoils, we engineer micromagnetic wing shaped devices, called electrofoils, which allow us to precisely contort, compress and decompress flowlines of electronic charge. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mapping

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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Generating ultradense pair beams using 400 GeV/c protons

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Physical Review Research 2021年第2期3卷 023103-023103页

作者： C. D. Arrowsmith N. Shukla N. Charitonidis R. Boni H. Chen T. Davenne A. Dyson D. H. Froula J. T. Gudmundsson B. T. Huffman Y. Kadi B. Reville S. Richardson S. Sarkar J. L. Shaw L. O. Silva P. Simon R. M. G. M. Trines R. Bingham G. Gregori Department of Physics University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU United Kingdom CINECA High-Performance Computing Department Via Magnanelli 6/3 40033 Casalecchio di Reno - Bologna Italy European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics Rochester New York 14623 USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue Livermore California 94550 USA Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom Science Institute University of Iceland Dunhaga 3 IS-107 Reykjavik Iceland Department of Space and Plasma Physics School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 1 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Atomic Weapons Establishment Aldermaston Reading Berkshire RG7 4PR United Kingdom GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal Department of Physics University of Strathclyde Glasgow G4 0NG United Kingdom

An experimental scheme is presented for generating low-divergence, ultradense, relativistic, electron-positron beams using 400 GeV/c protons available at facilities such as HiRadMat and AWAKE at CERN. Preliminary Monte Carlo and particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate the possibility of generating beams containing 1013–1014 electron-positron pairs at sufficiently high densities to drive collisionless beam-plasma instabilities, which are expected to play an important role in magnetic field generation and the related radiation signatures of relativistic astrophysical phenomena. The pair beams are quasineutral, with size exceeding several skin depths in all dimensions, allowing the examination of the effect of competition between transverse and longitudinal instability modes on the growth of magnetic fields. Furthermore, the presented scheme allows for the possibility of controlling the relative density of hadrons to electron-positron pairs in the beam, making it possible to explore the parameter spaces for different astrophysical environments.

关键词： Beam instabilities Cosmic ray acceleration Cosmic ray composition & spectra Cosmic ray sources Gamma ray astronomy Gamma ray bursts high-energy-density plasmas laboratory studies of space & astrophysical plasmas Optical, UV, & IR astronomy Plasma instabilities Plasma-beam interactions Relativistic multiple-particle dynamics

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A framework for faster porting of scientific applications between heterogeneous clouds 1st

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1st International Conference on Infrastructure, Technologies and Applications, SCITA 2017

作者： Ahmed, Waseem Khan, Mohsin Khan, Adeel Ahmed Mehmood, Rashid Algarni, Abdullah Albeshri, Aiiad Katib, Iyad Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering HKBK College of Engineering Visvesvaraya Technological University Bangalore India High Performance Computing Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319941790

The emergence of pay-as-you-use compute clouds has enabled scientists to experiment with the latest processor architectures and accelerators. However, the lack of standardization in cloud computing, more specifically in the interoperability context, makes the task of portability of applications between clouds challenging. Two main tasks that users of multi-vendor clouds will need to perform are porting cost analysis and faster source-to-source translation. Cost analysis is essential to help evaluate the feasibility and cost of portability. And any automation of the source-to-source translation step will help developers perform the translation faster while taking advantage of platform-specific features. This paper presents a framework that assists a developer in performing these two tasks. The first task is achieved using the Maintainability Analyzer module which generates unique funnel shaped patterns that give an insight about the maintainability of an application and its potential for porting. Different scientific applications from various domains, that were developed using different programming paradigms, were evaluated using this module. For the second task, a set of modules use a knowledge repository to perform source-to-source translations while ensuring the maintainability of the generated code. The framework has been tested with different architecture and library combinations with promising results. © 2018, ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering.

关键词： Cost benefit analysis

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Correction to: A digital rights management system based on a scalable blockchain

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Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications 2021年第4期14卷 1869-1869页

作者： Garba, Abba Dwivedi, Ashutosh Dhar Kamal, Mohsin Srivastava, Gautam Tariq, Muhammad Hasan, M. Anwar Chen, Zhong Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Peking University MoE Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Technology EECS Peking University Beijing China Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Peshawar Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Brandon University Brandon Canada Research Center for Interneural Computing China Medical University Taichung Republic of China Princeton University Princeton USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1007/s12083-021-01098-2

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