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Stretchable silicon electronics and their integration with rubber, plastic, paper, vinyl, leather and fabric substrates

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2009年第1期1196卷 1-7页

作者： Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Yun-Soung Liu, Zhuangjian Song, Jizhou Kim, Hoon-Sik Huang, Yonggang Y. Rogers, John A. Departments of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Institute of High Performance Computing Singapore Singapore Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables USA Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston USA Departments of Chemistry Mechanical Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA

Electronic systems that offer elastic mechanical responses to high strain deformations are of growing interest, due to their ability to enable new electrical, optical and biomedical devices and other applications whose requirements are impossible to satisfy with conventional wafer-based technologies or even with those that offer simple bendability. This paper describes materials and mechanical design strategies for classes of electronic circuits that offer extremely high flexibility and stretchability over large area, enabling them to accommodate even demanding deformation modes, such as twisting and linear stretching to ‘rubber-band’ levels of strain over 100%. The use of printed single crystalline silicon nanomaterials for the semiconductor provides performance in flexible and stretchable complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits approaching that of conventional devices with comparable feature sizes formed on silicon wafers. Comprehensive theoretical studies of the mechanics reveal the way in which the structural designs enable these extreme mechanical properties without fracturing the intrinsically brittle active materials or even inducing significant changes in their electrical properties. The results, as demonstrated through electrical measurements of arrays of transistors, CMOS inverters, ring oscillators and differential amplifiers, suggest a valuable route to high performance stretchable electronics that can be integrated with nearly arbitrary substrates. We show examples ranging from plastic and rubber, to vinyl, leather and paper, with capability for large area coverage.

关键词： electronic structure nanostructure devices

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A sample identification and tracking system for biobanks

A sample identification and tracking system for biobanks

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Annual IEEE Symposium on computer-Based Medical Systems

作者： Atieh Zarabzadeh Farzad Hayati R. William G. Watson Geoff Bradley Jane Grimson Centre of Health Informatics Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Ireland Department of Electronic Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Binningham UK UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research University College Dublin Ireland Trinity Centre of High Performance Computing Trinity College Dublin Ireland

The discovery of biomarkers and the underlying causes of diseases are enabled through the analysis of biological samples and data stored in biobanks. Biological samples and their associated data are expensive to collect and maintain, and it is important to store and manage them efficiently. During processing, samples and data go through a number of procedures and techniques, which are often in different locations and by individuals with different access permissions. It is essential to maintain the link between the samples and their associated data throughout the processes they undergo. This paper presents a novel system of tracking samples and data from collection through processing to storage and retrieval, which is based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. This system ensures the security and reliability of sample data as well as location-independent recording and updating of sample data, as they move along the workflow.

关键词： Diseases Radiofrequency identification Educational institutions Information retrieval high performance computing User centered design Biomarkers Prostate cancer Biomedical informatics computer science

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Analytical description of Ogston-regime biomolecule separation using nanofilters and nanopores

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Physical Review E 2009年第4期80卷 041911-041911页

作者： Zi Rui Li Gui Rong Liu Jongyoon Han Yuan Cheng Yu Zong Chen Jian-Sheng Wang Nicolas G. Hadjiconstantinou The Singapore-MIT Alliance EA-04-10 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore 117576 Singapore Center for ACES Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Institute of High Performance Computing Singapore 138632 Singapore Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore Singapore 117543 Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore 117542 Singapore Mechanical Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

We present a theoretical model describing Ogston (pore size comparable to or larger than the characteristic molecular dimension) sieving of rigid isotropic and anisotropic biomolecules in nanofluidic molecular filter arrays comprising of alternating deep and shallow regions. Starting from a quasi-one-dimensional drift-diffusion description, which captures the interplay between the driving electric force, entropic barrier and molecular diffusion, we derive explicit analytical results for the effective mobility and trapping time. Our results elucidate the effects of field strength, device geometry and entropic barrier height, providing a robust tool for the design and optimization of nanofilter/nanopore systems. Specifically, we show that Ogston sieving becomes negligible when the length of shallow region becomes sufficiently small, mainly due to efficient diffusional transport through the short shallow region. Our theoretical results are in line with experimental observations and provide important design insight for nanofluidic systems.

关键词： Biomolecules

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A network bandwidth-ware job scheduling with dynamic information model for grid resource brokers

A network bandwidth-ware job scheduling with dynamic informa...

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3rd IEEE Asia-Pacific Services computing Conference, APSCC 2008

作者： Yang, Chao-Tung Leu, Fang-Yie Hu, Wen-Jen High-Performance Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tunghai University Taichung City 40704 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769534732

In this paper, we propose a resource broker, which providing a friendly interface for accessing available and appropriate resources via user credentials, is developed on a platform constructed by employing the Globus toolkit. This broker not only deploys a domainbased network information model and its dynamic version to measure network status by invoking Network Weather Service (NWS) on grid computing environments, but also uses the Ganglia and NWS tools to monitor resource status and network-related information. Based on the actual value of network bandwidth and preserving the advantages of our previous model, a network bandwidth-award job scheduling algorithm for grid resource brokerage is then developed for communication-intensive job execution. Furthermore, the network information and resource status collected are all up-to-date so that the resource broker can effectively match appropriate grid resources and users requests to improve execution.©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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Stabilized approximate inverse preconditioners for indefinite matrices 46

Stabilized approximate inverse preconditioners for indefinit...

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46th Annual Southeast Regional Conference on XX, ACM-SE 46

作者： Lee, Eun-Joc Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605581057

A two-phase preconditioning strategy based on a factored sparse approximate inverse is proposed for solving sparse indefinite matrices. In each phase, the strategy first makes the original matrix diagonally dominant to enhance the stability by a shifting method, and constructs an inverse approximation of the shifted matrix by utilizing a factored sparse approximate inverse preconditioner. The two inverse approximation matrices produced from each phase are then combined to be used as a preconditioner. Experimental results show that the presented strategy improves the accuracy and the stability of the preconditioner on solving indefinite sparse matrices. Furthermore, the strategy ensures that convergence rate of the preconditioned iterations of the two-phase preconditioning strategy is much better than that of the standard sparse approximate inverse ones for solving indefinite matrices. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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Impact of selfish rate adaptation on the performance in IEEE 802.11-based wireless multi-hop networks

Impact of selfish rate adaptation on the performance in IEEE...

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28th International Conference on Distributed computing Systems Workshops, ICDCS Workshops 2008

作者： Li, Pei Xu, Yinlong Zhang, Chunpeng Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology China Anhui Province High Performance Computing Key Laboratory

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531731

Multiple physical layer rates are supported in IEEE 802.11-based wireless networks, where links can adopt joint transmission power control and rate adaptation to achieve energy efficiency. This paper studies the selfish rate adaptation behavior under throughput requirement. A round-based non-cooperative game is proposed assuming there is only one link which can adjust its transmission strategy in each unit time. It is shown that there is an optimal transmission strategy for a link, and a greedy algorithm is presented to select a near-optimal transmission strategy. It is observed that scheduling order affects the feasibility and the total power consumption. To alleviate the influence of scheduling order, pricing function is introduced, which motivates selfish links to share the channel fairly and efficiently. Simulation results show the proposed approach leads to not only more feasible solutions, but also power efficiency. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling

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Water Dissociation over Ti-Decorated C60

Water Dissociation over Ti-Decorated C60

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第十届全国计算(机)化学学术会议

作者： Marco Buongiorno Nardelli Keith E.Gubbins Center for High-Performance Simulation(CHIPS) North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695 U.S.A Department of Physics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695 United States Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37381 U.S.A Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695 U.S.A

Hydrogen can be generated from water,biomass,natural gas,or(after gasification) *** clean way to produce hydrogen from water is to use sunlight in combination with photovoltaic cells and water electrolysis,but it require land area to collect *** way is direct thermal splitting to produce hydrogen without CO2 emission,but it require temperatures of>2000℃.Owing to Ti element have high activity with carbon,it lead to a plenty of metal-catalyzed carbon nanostructures,which open a door for design of *** is very important to investigated the catalysts mechanism of Ti-C for water dissociation reaction,which is necessary step toward the design of catalyst for generation hydrogen.

关键词： water dissociation activation barrier Ti-decorated C60 catalysis center

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A peer-to-peer file resource sharing system for mobile devices

A peer-to-peer file resource sharing system for mobile devic...

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3rd International Conference on Grid and Pervasive computing Symposia/Workshops, GPC 2008

作者： Yang, Chao-Tung Chen, Chun-Jen Chen, Hung-Yen Hsu, Ching-Hsien High-Performance Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tunghai University Taichung 40704 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531779

In this paper, we present a peer-to-peer file sharing platform combined with Data Grid system for mobile devices. Facing the limit of network bandwidth and unstable signal strength in wireless network, wireless peer-to-peer architecture is now widely accepted as a new computing paradigm for wireless devices. In wireless P2P architecture, one can speedup parallel file transfer and enhance the communication stability by establishing multiple concurrent P2P connections. This paper mainly applies Data Grid system to deal with the problems of file location discovery and client certification. We propose an architecture that uses GridFTP protocol to establish a video sharing platform for mobile devices. Combined with data grid, the system can perform video analysis and classification upon on its computing resources, keeping the files in the newest state at all times. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Network architecture

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Green supercomputing comes of age

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IT Professional 2008年第1期10卷 17-23页

作者： Feng, Wu-Chun Feng, Xizhou Ge, Rong Department of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech. Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory Virginia Tech. Center for High-End Computing Systems Virginia Tech.

Energy-efficient (green) supercomputing has evolved to improve system reliability and provide better availability and productivity. Green Destiny supercomputing system is a Linux-based cluster that uses low-power components whose performance could be optimized for supercomputing. Low-power supercomputing focuses on energy efficiency at system integration time, selects low-power chips as the building blocks for power reduction and system reliability, and achieves better performance by scaling up to a larger number of processors. Researchers have implemented various power-aware software prototypes for commodity supercomputing starting with cluster of high-performance, high-power processors that support mechanism called dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). Various approaches for parallel supercomputing nodes are studied by aiming execution phases that are not on the critical execution path.

关键词： Supercomputers

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A novel data distortion approach via selective SSVD for privacy protection

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International Journal of Information and computer Security 2008年第1期2卷 48-70页

作者： Wang, Jie Zhang, Jun Xu, Shuting Zhong, Weijun Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States Department of Computer Information Systems Virginia State University Petersburg VA 23806 United States Department of Management Sciences and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China

Data privacy preservation has become one of the major concerns in the design of practical data-mining applications. In this paper, a novel data distortion approach based on structural partition and Sparsified Singular Value Decomposition (SSVD) technique is proposed. Three schemes are designed to balance privacy protection in centralised datasets and mining accuracy. Some metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed new strategies. Data utility of the three proposed schemes is examined by a binary classification based on the support vector machine. Furthermore, we examine three sparsification strategies. The effect of method parameters on data distortion level and utility is also studied experimentally. Our experimental results on synthetic and real datasets indicate that, in comparison with standard data distortion techniques, the proposed schemes are efficient in balancing data distortion level and data utility. They afford a feasible solution with a good promise for mining accuracy and a significant reduction in the computational cost from SVD. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data privacy

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