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arXiv 2025年

作者： Marini, I. Popesso, P. Dolag, K. Biffi, V. Vladutescu-Zopp, S. Castro, T. Toptun, V. de Isídio, N. Dev, A. Mazengo, D. Comparat, J. Gouin, C. Malavasi, N. Merloni, A. Mroczkowski, T. Ponti, G. Shreeram, S. Zhang, Y. European Southern Observatory Karl Schwarzschildstrasse 2 Garching bei München85748 Germany Excellence Cluster ORIGINS Boltzmannstr. 2 Garching bei MünchenD-85748 Germany Universitäts-Sternwarte Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Scheinerstr.1 München81679 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik Karl-Schwarzschildstr. 1 Garching bei München85741 Germany INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Via Tiepolo 11 Trieste34143 Italy IFPU Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe Via Beirut 2 TriesteI-34014 Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste Via Valerio 2 TS Trieste34127 Italy ICSC - Centro Nazionale di Ricerca in High Performance Computing Big Data e Quantum Computing Via Magnanelli 2 Bologna Italy Sorbonne Université UMR7095 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris 98 bis Boulevard Arago ParisF-75014 France Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale Orsay91405 France International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research University of Western Australia M468 35 Stirling Highway PerthWA6009 Australia Department of Physics College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences University of Dodoma P.O. Box 338 Dodoma Tanzania United Republic of Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstrasse 1 Garching85748 Germany INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via E. Bianchi 46 LC Merate23807 Italy DiSAT Università degli Studi dell’Insubria via Valleggio 11 ComoI-22100 Italy

Galaxy groups represent a significant fraction of the halo population, playing a crucial role in galaxy formation and evolution. However, their detection in X-rays remains challenging, raising questions about the physical mechanisms driving their detectability in current surveys. Using the Magneticum simulations, we construct a mock X-ray lightcone of the local Universe (z 500 = 1013 M☉ can have hot gas fractions in the range fgas = 0.02 − 0.06 and a central SMBH with a median mass of MBH = 109 M☉ and a scatter of 0.5 dex) compatible with the most recent measurements of the baryonic fraction. These findings will aid the interpretation of future X-ray surveys, demonstrating the power of simulation-based inference. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Black holes

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Geometric photon-drag effect and nonlinear shift current in centrosymmetric crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Shi, Li-Kun Zhang, Dong Chang, Kai Song, Justin C.W. Division of Physics and Applied Physics Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore SKLSM Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 912 Beijing100083 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing100193 China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology & Research Singapore138632 Singapore

The nonlinear shift current, also known as the bulk photovoltaic current generated by linearly polarized light, has long been known to be absent in crystals with inversion symmetry. Here we argue that a non-zero shift current in centrosymmetric crystals can be activated by a photon-drag effect. Photon-drag shift current proceeds from a ‘shift current dipole’ (a geometric quantity characterizing interband transitions) and manifests a purely transverse response in centrosymmetric crystals. This transverse nature proceeds directly from the shift-vector’s pseudovector nature under mirror operation and underscores its intrinsic geometric origin. Photon-drag shift current can greatly enhanced by coupling to polaritons and provides a new and sensitive tool to interrogate the subtle interband coherences of materials with inversion symmetry previously thought to be inaccessible via photocurrent probes. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photons

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Long-distance dissipation-assisted transport of entangled states via a chiral waveguide

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Physical Review Research 2020年第1期2卷 013369-013369页

作者： Wai-Keong Mok Davit Aghamalyan Jia-Bin You Tobias Haug Wenzu Zhang Ching Eng Png Leong-Chuan Kwek Department of Electronics and Photonics Institute of High Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way 16-16 Connexis 138632 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore MajuLab CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit UMI No. 3654 117543 Singapore National Institute of Education and Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technological University 1 Nanyang Walk 637616 Singapore

quantum networks provide a prominent platform for realizing quantum information processing and quantum communication, with entanglement being a key resource in such applications. Here we describe the dissipative transport protocol for entangled states, where entanglement stored in the first node of a quantum network can be transported with high fidelity to the second node via a one-dimensional chiral waveguide. In particular, we exploit the directional asymmetry in chirally coupled single-mode ring resonators to transport entangled states. For the fully chiral waveguide, Bell states, multipartite W states, and and Dicke states can be transported with fidelity as high as 0.954, despite the fact that the communication channel is noisy. Our proposal can be utilized for the long-distance distribution of multipartite entangled states between the quantum nodes of an open quantum network.

关键词： quantum channels quantum networks quantum optics

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Hacking single-photon avalanche detector in quantum key distribution via pulse illumination

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wu, Zhihao Huang, Anqi Chen, Huan Sun, Shi-Hai Ding, Jiangfang Qiang, Xiaogang Fu, Xiang Xu, Ping Wu, Junjie Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China College of Liberal Arts and Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai519082 China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology AMS Beijing100071 China

quantum key distribution (QKD) has been proved to be information-theoretically secure in theory. Unfortunately, the imperfect devices in practice compromise its security. Thus, to improve the security property of practical QKD systems, a commonly used method is to patch the loopholes in the existing QKD systems. However, in this work, we first time show an adversarys capability of exploiting the new feature of the originally flawed component to bypass a patch. Specifically, we experimentally demonstrate that the patch of photocurrent monitor against the detector blinding attack can be defeated by the pulse illumination attack proposed in this paper. We also analyze the secret key rate under the pulse illumination attack, which theoretically confirmed that Eve can conduct the attack to learn the secret key. This work indicates the importance of inspecting the security loopholes in a detection unit to further understand their impacts on a QKD system. The method of pulse illumination attack can be a general testing item in the security evaluation standard of QKD. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： quantum cryptography

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Topological phase transition in Sb-doped Mg3Bi2 monocrystalline thin films

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Physical Review B 2021年第12期103卷 125405-125405页

作者： Tong Zhou Mingyu Tong Yun Zhang Xiangnan Xie Zhen-Yu Wang Tian Jiang Xie-Gang Zhu Xin-Chun Lai Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory Jiangyou 621908 Sichuan People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People's Republic of China Beijing Institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense Technology Beijing 100020 People's Republic of China Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621700 Sichuan People's Republic of China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 People's Republic of China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA China Beijing 100010 People's Republic of China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193 People's Republic of China

Mg3Bi2 has been proved to be a semimetal with topological surface states (referred to as a topological semimetal, TSM) in the presence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and predicted to be a type-II nodal line semimetal (NSM) in the absence of SOC. It is possible to tune the effective SOC in Mg3Bi2 by substituting the heavy Bi atom with lighter atoms, such as Sb or As, which results in topological phase transitions. Here in our work we investigate the evolution of the transport properties and band structures of Mg3Bi2 by doping different concentrations of Sb through molecular beam epitaxy. Our results demonstrate the existence of phase transitions of TSM to trivial semimetal (SM) and SM to trivial insulator, with Sb concentration x at x1≈0.44–0.64 and x2≈1.39, respectively. Further theoretical calculations give values of x1≈0.523 and x2≈1.10, which agrees well with our experimental results. And all these results are concluded into a Mg3Bi2−xSbx phase diagram. Our work will stimulate more explorations to the possibilities of the realization of type-II NSM in Mg3Bi2 by various elements substitution.

关键词： Surface states Topological materials Topological phase transition Weak antilocalization Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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Suppressing decoherence in quantum plasmonic systems by the spectral-hole-burning effect

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Physical Review A 2021年第5期103卷 053517-053517页

作者： Jia-Bin You Xiao Xiong Ping Bai Zhang-Kai Zhou Wan-Li Yang Ching Eng Png Leong Chuan Kwek Lin Wu Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) 1 Fusionopolis Way No. 16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117543 MajuLab CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654 Singapore National Institute of Education and Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technological University 1 Nanyang Walk Singapore 637616 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Block S2.1 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798

quantum plasmonic systems suffer from significant decoherence due to the intrinsically large dissipative and radiative dampings. Based on our quantum simulations via a quantum tensor network algorithm, we numerically demonstrate the mitigation of this restrictive drawback by hybridizing a plasmonic nanocavity with an emitter ensemble with inhomogeneously broadened transition frequencies. By burning two narrow spectral holes in the spectral density of the emitter ensemble, the coherent time of Rabi oscillation for the hybrid system is increased tenfold. With the suppressed decoherence, we move one step further in bringing plasmonic systems into practical quantum applications.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Plasmonics quantum optics

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KiDS-1000 and DES-Y1 combined: Cosmology from peak count statistics

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Harnois-Déraps, Joachim Heydenreich, Sven Giblin, Benjamin Martinet, Nicolas Tröster, Tilman Asgari, Marika Burger, Pierre Castro, Tiago Dolag, Klaus Heymans, Catherine Hildebrandt, Hendrik Joachimi, Benjamin Wright, Angus H. School of Mathematics Statistics and Physics Newcastle University Herschel Building Newcastle-upon-TyneNE1 7RU United Kingdom Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95064 United States Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Université d’Aix-Marseille CNRS CNES LAM Marseille France Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics ETH Zürich Zürich8092 Switzerland E.A Milne Centre University of Hull Cottingham Road HullHU6 7RX United Kingdom University of Hull Cottingham Road Kingston-upon-HullHU6 7RX United Kingdom Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Argelander-Institut für Astronomie Auf dem Hügel 71 Bonn53121 Germany INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste via Tiepolo 11 TriesteI-34131 Italy INFN - Sezione di Trieste Via Valerio 2 TS Trieste34100 Italy IFPU - Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe via Beirut 2 Trieste34151 Italy ICSC - Centro Nazionale di Ricerca in High Performance Computing Big Data e Quantum Computing Via Magnanelli 2 Bologna Italy Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik Karl-Schwarzschild Strasse 1 Garching85748 Germany German Centre for Cosmological Lensing Bochum44780 Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom

We analyse the fourth data release of the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS-1000) and extract cosmological parameter constraints based on the cosmic shear peak count statistics. Peaks are identified in aperture mass maps in which the filter is maximally sensitive to angular scales in the range 2-4 arcmin, probing deep into the non-linear regime of structure formation. We interpret our results with a simulation-based inference pipeline, sampling over a broad wCDM prior volume and marginalising over uncertainties on shape calibration, photometric redshift distribution, intrinsic alignment and baryonic feedback. Our measurements constrain the structure growth parameter and the amplitude of the non-linear intrinsic alignment model to Σ8 ≡ σ8 [Ωm/0.3]0.60 = 0.765+−00030030 and AIA = 0.71+−004242, respectively, in agreement with previous KiDS-1000 results based on two-point shear statistics. These results are robust against modelling of the non-linear physics, different scale cuts and selections of tomographic bins. The posterior is also consistent with that from the Dark Energy Survey Year-1 peak count analysis presented in Harnois-Déraps et al (2021), and hence we jointly analyse both surveys with a common pipeline. We obtain Σjoint8 ≡ σ8 [Ωm/0.3]0.57 = 0.759+−00020017, in agreement with the Planck wCDM results. The shear-CMB tension on this parameter increases to 3.1σ when forcing w = −1.0, and to 4.1σ if comparing instead with S8joint,ΛCDM = 0.736+−00016018, one of the tightest constraints to date on this quantity. Residual biases in the photometric redshifts of the DES-Y1 data and in the modelling of small scales physics could lower this tension, however it is robust against other systematics. Limits in the accuracy of our emulator prevent us from constraining Ωm © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Dark energy

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Enhancement of optomechanically induced sum sideband using parametric interactions

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Li, Wen-An Huang, Guang-Yao School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

We theoretically study radiation pressure induced generation of the frequency components at the sum sideband in an optomechanical system containing an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). It is shown that an OPA inside a cavity can considerably enhance the amplitude of sum sideband even with low power input fields. We find a new matching condition for the upper sum sideband generation. The height and width of the new peak can be adjusted by the nonlinear gain of the OPA. Furthermore, the lower sum sideband generation can be enhanced with several orders of magnitude by tuning the nonlinear gain parameter and the phase of the field pumping the OPA. The enhanced sum sideband may have potential applications to the manipulation of light in a on-chip optomechanical device and the sensitively sensing for precision measurement in the weak optomechanical coupling regime. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical parametric amplifiers

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Unveiling Dark Matter free-streaming at the smallest scales with high redshift Lyman-alpha forest

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Iršič, Vid Viel, Matteo Haehnelt, Martin G. Bolton, James S. Molaro, Margherita Puchwein, Ewald Boera, Elisa Becker, George D. Gaikwad, Prakash Keating, Laura C. Kulkarni, Girish Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge 19 J. J. Thomson Ave. CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom SISSA- International School for Advanced Studies Via Bonomea 265 Trieste34136 Italy INFN - National Institute for Nuclear Physics Via Valerio 2 TriesteI-34127 Italy IFPU Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe via Beirut 2 Trieste34151 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Via G. B. Tiepolo 11 TriesteI-34131 Italy ICSC - Centro Nazionale di Ricerca in High Performance Computing Big Data e Quantum Computing Via Magnanelli 2 Bologna Italy Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Nottingham University Park NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam An der Sternwarte 16 Potsdam14482 Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha Road Mumbai400005 India

This study introduces novel constraints on the free-streaming of thermal relic warm dark matter (WDM) from Lyman-α forest flux power spectra. Our analysis utilises a high-resolution, high-redshift sample of quasar spectra observed using the HIRES and UVES spectrographs (z = 4.2 − 5.0). We employ a Bayesian inference framework and a simulation-based likelihood that encompasses various parameters including the free-streaming of dark matter, cosmological parameters, the thermal history of the intergalactic medium, and inhomogeneous reionization, to establish lower limits on the mass of a thermal relic WDM particle of 5.7 keV (at 95% C.L.). This result surpasses previous limits from the Lyman-α forest through reduction of the measured uncertainties due to a larger statistical sample and by measuring clustering to smaller scales (kmax = 0.2 km−1 s). The approximately two-fold improvement due to the expanded statistical sample suggests that the effectiveness of Lyman-α forest constraints on WDM models at high redshifts are limited by the availability of high-quality quasar spectra. Restricting the analysis to comparable scales and thermal history priors as in prior studies (kmax −1 s) lowers the bound on the WDM mass to 4.1 keV. As the precision of the measurements increases, it becomes crucial to examine the instrumental and modelling systematics. On the modelling front, we argue that the impact of the thermal history uncertainty on the WDM particle mass constraint has diminished due to improved independent observations. At the smallest scales, the primary source of modeling systematic arises from the structure in the peculiar velocity of the intergalactic medium and inhomogeneous reionization. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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Improving unsupervised domain adaptation by reducing bi-level feature redundancy

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, Mengzhu Zhang, Xiang Lan, Long Wang, Wei Tan, Huibin Luo, Zhigang Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Institute for Quantum State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China DUT-RU International School of Information Science & Engineering Dalian University of Technology DalianLiaoning116000 China Department of Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

Reducing feature redundancy has shown beneficial effects for improving the accuracy of deep learning models, thus it is also indispensable for the models of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA). Nevertheless, most recent efforts in the field of UDA ignore this point. Moreover, main schemes realizing this in general independent of UDA purely involve a single domain, thus might not be effective for cross-domain tasks. In this paper, we emphasize the significance of reducing feature redundancy for improving UDA in a bi-level way. For the first level, we try to ensure compact domain-specific features with a transferable decorrelated normalization module, which preserves specific domain information whilst easing the side effect of feature redundancy on the sequel domain-invariance. In the second level, domain-invariant feature redundancy caused by domain-shared representation is further mitigated via an alternative brand orthogonality for better generalization. These two novel aspects can be easily plugged into any BN-based backbone neural networks. Specifically, simply applying them to ResNet50 has achieved competitive performance to the state-of-the-arts on five popular benchmarks. Our code will be available at https://***/dreamkily/gUDA. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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