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Fast synchronization on scalable cache-coherent multiprocessors using hybrid primitives

Fast synchronization on scalable cache-coherent multiprocess...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： D.S. Nikolopoulos T.S. Papatheodorou High Performance Information Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Patras Greece

This paper presents a new methodology for implementing fast synchronization on scalable cache-coherent multiprocessors, through the use of hybrid primitives. Hybrid primitives leverage commodity hardware to speed-up the execution of the atomic remote Read-Modify-Write (RMW) instructions employed in synchronization algorithms to resolve contending processors, while exploiting the caches to reduce network traffic during the waiting and release phases of a synchronization primitive. We present a systematic methodology for transforming any synchronization primitive that uses RMW instructions into a hybrid one. We then provide experimental evidence on the effectiveness of using hybrid primitives in the implementation of spin locks, barriers and lock-free queues, in microbenchmarks and parallel applications on a SGI Origin 2000.

关键词： Hardware Software performance Application software Scalability information systems Laboratories high performance computing Informatics computer architecture Concurrent computing

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Loki: a state-driven fault injector for distributed systems

Loki: a state-driven fault injector for distributed systems

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International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN)

作者： R. Chandra R.M. Lefever M. Cukier W.H. Sanders Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

Distributed applications can fail in subtle ways that depend on the state of multiple parts of a system. This complicates the validation of such systems via fault injection, since it suggests that faults should be injected based on the global state of the system. In Loki, fault injection is performed based on a partial view of the global state of a distributed system, i.e. faults injected in one node of the system can depend on the state of other nodes. Once faults are injected, a post-runtime analysis, using off-line clock synchronization, is used to place events and injections on a single global timeline and to determine whether the intended faults were properly injected. Finally, experiments containing successful fault injections are used to estimate the specified measures. In addition to briefly reviewing the concepts behind Loki and its organization, we detail Loki's user interface. In particular, we describe the graphical user interfaces for specifying state machines and faults, for executing a campaign and for verifying whether the faults were properly injected.

关键词： Synchronization Clocks Distributed computing Application software User interfaces Graphical user interfaces Cost accounting Contracts Particle measurements Runtime

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performance enhancement of Web-based push transmitter with channel scheduling

Performance enhancement of Web-based push transmitter with c...

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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Hsing Mei Chia-Hsi Chang Wen-Hsien Tseng Web Computing Laboratory Computer Science and Information Engineering Department Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei Taiwan

Push provides the automated and personalized Web information delivery. Users can subscribe their interested channels from content providers. These channels will be delivered to users automatically in each update. Among all the components involved in a push system, a transmitter manages the deployment and maintenance of information channels. A content based channel scheduling mechanism for transmitters is designed and evaluated. Instead of push information by arriving order, the transmitter takes three more factors into account, i.e. the channel update period, the size of content, and the waiting time of content in queue. The transmitter delivers channels by their calculated priorities. Studying the results from our XML based simulation system, the new channel scheduling algorithm not only improves the average response time, but also decreases the average loss rate.

关键词： Transmitters Scheduling algorithm Network servers Software maintenance Processor scheduling Algorithm design and analysis Remote monitoring Laboratories computer science Publishing

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Distributed expertise for teaching computer organization & architecture 00

Distributed expertise for teaching computer organization & a...

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Working Group Reports from 5th Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in computer science Education, ITiCSE-WGR 2000

作者： Cassel, Lillian Boots Kumar, Deepak Bolding, Kevin Davies, Jim Holliday, Mark Impagliazzo, John Pearson, Murray Wolffe, Gregory S. Yurcik, William Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University VillanovaPA United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Bryn Mawr College Bryn MawrPA United States Department of Electrical Engineering Seattle Pacific University SeattleWA United States Computing Laboratory University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Western Carolina University CullowheeNC United States Department of Computer Science Hofstra University HempsteadNY United States Department of Computer Science University of Waikato Hamilton New Zealand Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Grand Valley State University AllendaleMI United States Department of Applied Computer Science Illinois State University NormalIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450373586

This report presents preliminary results from our project on creating distributed expertise for teaching computer organization & architecture course(s) in the undergraduate computer science curriculum. We present the details of an online survey designed to gather information from faculty on the current state of teaching this course. The survey also tries to identify specific areas of need for creating distributed expertise as reported by various faculty. We also present several resources that have been identified that are available for use by faculty teaching the course(s). This report represents a mid-point of an ongoing two-year study. Following a discussion of the currently identified needs, we discuss ways to address them and conclude the report with a plan of action that will follow in the next phase of the project.

关键词： Teaching

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A novel application development environment for large-scale scientific computations 00

A novel application development environment for large-scale ...

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Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Supercomputing

作者： X. Shen W. Liao A. Choudhary G. Memik M. Kandemir S. More G. Thiruvathukal A. Singh Center for Parallel and Distributed Computing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA School of Computing Telecommunications and Information Sciences JHPC Laboratory Depaul University

Our results demonstrate that our novel application development environment provides both ease-of-use and high performance for large-scale, I/O-intensive scientific applications.

ISBN: (纸本)9781581132700

Our results demonstrate that our novel application development environment provides both ease-of-use and high performance for large-scale, I/O-intensive scientific applications.

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On the representation of wideband images using permutations for lossless coding

On the representation of wideband images using permutations ...

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IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation

作者： M.S. Pattichis A.C. Bovik J.W. Havlicek N.D. Sidiropoulos Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Engineering Science Bldg University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Department of Computer Sciences University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Department of EECE and Center for High Performance Computing University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769505953

We introduce a novel method for representing and coding wideband signals using permutations. The signal samples are first sorted, and then encoded using differential pulse code modulation. We show that our method is optimal for DPCM coding and develop a novel algorithm for encoding the permutation information efficiently. We show that the new algorithm achieves coding gains over Huffman coding.

关键词： Wideband Image coding Encoding Discrete wavelet transforms Decoding Character generation high performance computing Modulation coding Time frequency analysis Discrete transforms

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Exploiting hierarchy in parallel computer networks to optimize collective operation performance

Exploiting hierarchy in parallel computer networks to optimi...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： N.T. Karonis B.R. de Supinski I. Foster W. Gropp E. Lusk J. Bresnahan High Performance Computing L ab or atory Department of Computer Science Northern Illinois University DeKalb IL USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL USA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL USA

The efficient implementation of collective communication operations has received much attention. Initial efforts modeled network communication and produced "optimal" trees based on those models. However, the models used by these initial efforts assumed equal point-to-point latencies between any two processes. This assumption is violated in heterogeneous systems such as clusters of SMPs and wide-area "computational grids", and as a result, collective operations that utilize the trees generated by these models perform suboptimally. In response, more recent work has focused on creating topology-aware trees for collective operations that minimize communication across slower channels (e.g., a wide-area network). While these efforts have significant communication benefits, they all limit their view of the network to only two layers. We present a strategy based upon a multilayer view of the network. By creating multilevel topology trees we take advantage of communication cost differences at every level in the network. We used this strategy to implement topology-aware versions of several MPI collective operations in MPICH-G, the Globus-enabled version of the popular MPICH implementation of the MPI standard. Using information about topology discovered by Globus, we construct these topology-aware trees automatically during execution, thus freeing the MPI application programmer from having to write special files or functions to describe the topology to the MPICH library. We present results demonstrating the advantages of our multilevel approach by comparing it to the default (topology-unaware) implementation provided by MPICH and a topology-aware two-layer implementation.

关键词： Intelligent networks computer networks Chromium

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A SURVEY ON DESIGN RATIONALE: REPRESENTATION, CAPTURE AND RETRIEVAL

A SURVEY ON DESIGN RATIONALE: REPRESENTATION, CAPTURE AND RE...

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ASME 2000 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and computers and information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2000

作者： Hu, Xiaochun Pang, Jun Pang, Yan Atwood, Michael Sun, Wei Regli, William C. Geometric and Intelligent Computing Laboratory Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Drexel University 3141 Chestnut Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Rapid Product Development Center Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University 3141 Chestnut Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States College of Information Science and Technology Drexel University 3141 Chestnut Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791835135

This paper provides a brief survey on recent research in the area of design rationale. The study of Design Rationale spans a number of diverse disciplines, touching on concepts from research communities in Mechanical Design, Software engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Civil engineering and Human-Factors and Human-computer Interaction research. We focus this survey on prototype design rationale systems for these application domains and put forward several major axes along which to describe and classify design rationale systems, including argumentation-based, descriptive, and process-based approaches. Further, we attempt to abstract the place of systems and tools for design rationale capture and retrieval in the context of contemporary knowledge-based engineering and CAD tools. This survey is structured around the fundamental different approaches, their representation schema, their capture methods, and retrieval techniques. A number of recent design rationale systems and representation schemes are presented, including JANUS, COMET, ADD, REMAP, HOS, PHIDIAS, DRIVE, IBIS. We conclude with an assessment of the current state-ofthe-art and a discussion of critical open research issues. Copyright © 2000 by ASME.

关键词： computer aided design

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Scheduling user-level threads on distributed shared-memory multiprocessors

Scheduling user-level threads on distributed shared-memory m...

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5th International Conference on Parallel Processing, Euro-Par 1999

作者： Polychronopoulos, Eleftherios D. Papatheodorou, Theodore S. High Performance Computing Information Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Rio 26 500 Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)3540664432

In this paper we present Dynamic Bisectioning or DBS, a simple but powerful comprehensive scheduling policy for user-level threads, which unifies the exploitation of (multidimensional) loop and nested functional (or task) parallelism. Unlike other schemes that have been proposed and used thus far, DBS is not constrained to scheduling DAGs or singly nested parallel loops. Rather, our policy encompasses the most general type of parallel program model that allows arbitrary mix of nested loops and nested DAGs (directed acyclic task-graphs) or any combination of the above. DBS employs a simple but powerful two-level dynamic policy which is adaptive and sensitive to the type and amount of parallelism at hand. On one extreme DBS approximates static scheduling, hence facilitating locality of data, while at the other extreme it resorts to dynamic thread migration in order to balance uneven loads. Even the latter is done in a controlled way so as to minimize network latency. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999.

关键词： Scheduling

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Integrated frameworks for multi-level and multi-formalism modeling 8

Integrated frameworks for multi-level and multi-formalism mo...

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8th International Workshop on Petri Nets and performance Models, PNPM 1999

作者： Sanders, William H. Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769503314

There have been significant advances in methods for specifying and solving models that aim to predict the performance and dependability of computer systems and networks. At the same time, however, there have been dramatic increases in the complexity of the systems whose performance and dependability must be evaluated, and considerable increases in the expectations of analysts that use performance/dependability evaluation tools. This paper briefly reviews the progress that has been made in the development of performance/dependability evaluation tools, and argues that the next important step is the creation of modeling frameworks and software environments that support multi-level, multi-formalism modeling and multiple solution methods within a single integrated framework. In addition, this paper presents an overview of the Mobius project, which aims to provide a modeling framework and software environment that support multiple modeling formalisms, methods for model composition and connection, and a way to integrate multiple analytical/numerical- and simulation-based model solution methods. Finally, it suggests research that must take place to make this aim a reality, and thus facilitate the performance and dependability evaluation of complex computer systems and networks. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Complex networks

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