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International Workshop on Petri Nets and performance Models (PNPM)

作者： D.D. Deavours W.D. Obal M.A. Qureshi W.H. Sanders A.P.A. van Moorsel Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Tucson AZ USA

UltraSAN is a software package for model-based evaluation of systems represented as stochastic activity networks. The software has been implemented in a modular fashion, with clearly delineated interfaces between model specification, construction, and solution. UltraSAN offers an X Windows-based user interface and both analytical and simulation solution modules for transient and steady-state performance, dependability, and performability measures. Furthermore, the tool facilitates graphical representation of the obtained results by its report generator. This paper gives a very brief overview and pointers to more detailed descriptions of the software.

关键词： Steady-state Storage area networks Modular construction User interfaces Automatic control Joining processes Libraries Markov processes Probability density function Web sites

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Representing architectural designs: a central issue in the development of complex systems

Representing architectural designs: a central issue in the d...

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IEEE International Conference on engineering of Complex computer Systems

作者： V. Kirova W. Rossak Software Engineering Laboratory & Real-Time Computing Laboratory Department of Computer and Information Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA

This paper discusses the need for and the use of a software architecture as an important means in the development of complex systems. We start out with a brief analysis of the term "complex" with regard to computerized systems. On this basis, we introduce software architectures as a means to cope with the software design aspect of system complexity. We then identify the architectural concepts that are necessary to capture a comprehensive, high level system design and discuss their characterizing properties. Finally, we propose a "construction-oriented" technique for architecture specification which is based on a generic set of architectural elements and is supported by a tool, d-ASPECT (domain Architecture Specification Tool), currently under development at NJIT.

关键词： Buildings Laboratories Control systems computer architecture Software engineering Real time systems information science Paper technology Software architecture Law

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Modeling recycle: a case study in the industrial use of measurement and modeling

Modeling recycle: a case study in the industrial use of meas...

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International computer performance and Dependability Symposium

作者： L.M. Malhis S.C. West L.A. Kant W.H. Sanders Storage Systems Division IBM Corporation Tucson AZ USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Tucson AZ USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Tustin AZ USA Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana IL USA

Large-scale data storage systems rely on magnetic tape cartridges to store millions of data objects. As these tapes age, the resident data objects become invalid; consequently, less and less of the tape potential capacity is effectively utilized. To address this problem, data storage systems have a facility, called "recycle" in this paper, that transfers valid data objects from sparsely populated tapes onto new tapes, thus creating empty tapes for reuse. A high performance recycle process is needed to keep the number of tape cartridges to a minimum, and to maintain a continuous supply of empty tapes for storing newly created data objects. The performance of such processes is not easy to determine, and depends strongly on the data stored on the tapes, the speed and characteristics of the computer on which recycle is executed, and the nature of the algorithms themselves. This paper documents an extensive effort to evaluate a proposed recycle algorithm, using held workload data, laboratory measurements, and modeling. The results of the study were used to improve the recycle process, and were later verified through field trials. In addition yielding the results themselves, the effort illustrated that modeling and measurement, in an industrial setting, can indeed be used successfully in the design process.< >

关键词： Recycling computer aided software engineering Large-scale systems Data storage systems Laboratories Magnetic field measurement Process design Coordinate measuring machines Electric variables measurement Area measurement

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Modeling, Mesh Generation, and Adaptive Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 1

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丛书名： The IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications

1995年

作者： Ivo Babuska William D. Henshaw Joseph E. Oliger Joseph E. Flaherty John E. Hopcroft Tayfun Tezduyar

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Study of inclusive baryon-antibaryon pair production of p or Λ in two-photon processes

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Zeitschrift für Physik C: Particles and Fields 1995年第1期69卷 597-606页

作者： Uehara, S. Abe, K. Amako, K. Arai, Y. Arima, T. Asano, Y. Chiba, M. Chiba, Y. Daigo, M. Fukawa, M. Fukushima, Y. Haba, J. Hamasaki, H. Hanai, H. Hemmi, Y. Higuchi, M. Hinode, F. Hirose, T. Homma, Y. Hosoda, N. Ishihara, N. Iwata, Y. Kanzaki, J. Kikuchi, R. Kondo, T. Korhonen, T.T. Kurashige, H. Matsuda, E.K. Matsui, T. Miura, M. Miyake, K. Mori, S. Nagashima, Y. Nakagawa, Y. Nakamura, T. Nakano, I. Odaka, S. Ogawa, K. Ohama, T. Ohsugi, T. Ohyama, H. Okabe, K. Okamoto, A. Ono, A. Oyama, T. Pennanen, J. Sakamoto, H. Sakuda, M. Sato, M. Sato, N. Shioden, M. Shirai, J. Shirakata, M. Sumiyoshi, T. Takada, Y. Takasaki, F. Takita, M. Tamura, N. Tatsumi, D. Tobimatsu, K. Tsuboyama, T. Unno, Y. Watanabe, T. Watase, Y. Yabuki, F. Yamada, Y. Yamagata, T. Yonezawa, Y. Yoshida, H. Yusa, K. KEK National Laboratory for High Energy Physics Tsukuba 305 Oho 1-1 Japan Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980 Aza-Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Japan Institute of Applied Physics University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305 Tennoudai 1-1-1 Japan Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji 192-03 Minami-Ohsawa 1-1 Japan Yasuda Women's Junior College Hiroshima 731-01 Yasuhigashi 6-13-1 Asa-Minami-ku Japan Faculty of Economics Toyama University Toyama 930 3190 Gofuku Japan Department of Physics Osaka University Toyonaka 560 Machikaneyama 1-1 Japan Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto 606 Oiwake-cho Kita-Shirakawa Sakyo-ku Japan Department of Applied Physics Tohoku-Gakuin University Tagajo 985 Chuo 1-13-1 Japan School of Applied Medical Science Kobe University Kobe 654-01 Tomogaoka 7-10-2 Suma-ku Japan Department of Physics Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 724 Kagamiyama 1-3-1 Japan Research Institute for High Energy Physics Helsinki University Helsinki SF-00170 Siltavuorenpenger 20C Finland Department of Physics Okayama University Okayama 700 Tsushimanaka 3-1-1 Japan Division of Natural Sciences International Christian University Mitaka 181 Ohsawa 3-10-2 Japan Faculty of Engineering Miyazaki University Miyazaki 889-01 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi 1-1 Japan Institute of Physics University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305 Tennoudai 1-1-1 Japan Hiroshima National College of Maritime Technology Hiroshima-ken 725-02 Higashino-cho 4272-1 Japan Faculty of Cross-Cultural Studies Kobe University Kobe 657 Tsurukabuto 1-2-1 Nada-ku Japan Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Ibaraki College of Technology Hitachinaka 312 Nakane Japan Center for Information Science Kogakuin University Tokyo 163-91 Nishi-Shinjuku 1-24-2 Shinjuku-ku Japan Department of Physics Kogakuin University Tokyo 192 Nakano-cho 2665-1 Hachioji Japan Tsukuba College of Technology Tsukuba 305 Kasuga 4-1 Japan Naruto Universi

Inclusive baryon-antibaryon pair production was studied in two-photon events which were collected at the e + e - collider TRISTAN, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 303 pb-1. Correlations between a baryon ...

Inclusive baryon-antibaryon pair production was studied in two-photon events which were collected at the e⁺ e^- collider TRISTAN, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 303 pb^-1. Correlations between a baryon and an antibaryon were studied for their flavors (p or Λ) and their momentum vectors. The experimental results were compared with the expectations from a jet-fragmentation Monte Carlo simulation. We have found that although the ratios of the cross sections of different baryon-flavor combinations are consistent with the Monte Carlo expectations, the cross section shows an excess over the Monte Carlo expectation in a low invariant-mass region of final-state particles at large angles, that indicates a significant contribution from higher-order QCD or non-perturbative effects. The experimental data show no narrow azimuthal-angle correlation, which is expected from a jet-fragmentation Monte Carlo. A search for exclusive Λ pair production has also been made. We have no candidates and have obtained the upper limit for the cross section. © 1996 Springer-Verlag.

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An environment for importance sampling based on stochastic activity networks

An environment for importance sampling based on stochastic a...

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Reliable Distributed Systems

作者： W.D. Obal W.H. Sanders Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Tucson AZ USA Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

Model-based evaluation of reliable distributed and parallel systems is difficult due to the complexity of these systems and the nature of the dependability measures of interest. The complexity creates problems for analytical model solution techniques, and the fact that reliability and availability measures are based on rare events makes traditional simulation methods inefficient. Importance sampling is a well-known technique for improving the efficiency of rare event simulations. However, finding an importance sampling strategy that works well in general is a difficult problem. The best strategy for importance sampling depends on the characteristics of the system and the dependability measure of interest. This fact motivated the development of an environment for importance sampling that would support the wide variety of model characteristics and interesting measures. The environment is based on stochastic activity networks, and importance sampling strategies are specified using the new concept of the importance sampling governor. The governor supports dynamic importance sampling strategies by allowing the stochastic elements of the model to be redefined based on the evolution of the simulation. The utility of the new environment is demonstrated by evaluating the unreliability of a highly dependable fault-tolerant unit used in the well-known MARS architecture. The model is non-Markovian, with Weibull distributed failure times and uniformly distributed repair times.< >

关键词： Monte Carlo methods Stochastic processes Analytical models Discrete event simulation Availability Sampling methods Stochastic systems computer network reliability computer networks Concurrent computing

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Meeting the strict real-time requirements of distributed continuous multimedia applications

Meeting the strict real-time requirements of distributed con...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： W.A. Halang P.A. Laplante A.D. Stoyenko Faculty of Electrical Engineering FernUniversität Hagen Hagen Germany Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Fairleigh Dickinson University Madison NJ USA Real Time Computing Laboratory Department of Computer and Information Sciences New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA

In this paper we discuss synchronization techniques-and specifically their implementation at the hardware, operating system and high-level language levels-that can be used to achieve deadline satisfaction. In particular, it is shown that by endowing process control computers with fully parallel input and output mechanisms making use of exact time specifications, synchronization and deadline satisfaction can be achieved at the same time without any jitter. Continuous multimedia applications require accurate synchronization of the clocks in different processors. The available solutions have considerable accuracy or applicability. Local clock synchronization by radio transmitted time information turns out to be the only general purpose and high accuracy technique that is applicable with reasonable effort.< >

关键词： Application software Synchronization Multimedia computing Virtual reality Colored noise Hardware Operating systems TV Clocks Multimedia systems

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A portable parallel algorithm for VLSI circuit extraction

A portable parallel algorithm for VLSI circuit extraction

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International Symposium on Parallel Processing

作者： B. Ramkumar P. Banerjee Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Iowa USA Center for Reliable and High-Perf Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois USA

The authors describe a new portable algorithm for parallel circuit extraction. The algorithm is built as part of the ongoing ProperCAD project: a portable object-oriented parallel environment for CAD applications that is built on top of the CHARM system. The algorithm, unlike prior approaches like PACE is asynchronous and is based on a coarse-grained dataflow execution model. performance of circuit extraction is presented on four parallel machines: an Encore Multimax, a Sequent Symmetry, a NCUBE 2 hypercube, and a network of Sun Sparc workstations. The extractor runs unchanged on all these machines.< >

关键词： Parallel algorithms Very large scale integration Object oriented modeling Concurrent computing Workstations Circuit testing Runtime library Portable computers Application software Parallel machines

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ProperSYN: A portable parallel algorithm for logic synthesis

ProperSYN: A portable parallel algorithm for logic synthesis

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IEEE International Conference on computer-Aided Design

作者： De Ramkumar Banerjee Center for Reliable & High-Perf. Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana IL USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Iowa Iowa IA USA

An algorithm based on the transduction method and implemented in the ProperCAD environment is described. The parallel ProperSYN algorithm attempts to make the execution time manageably small. The algorithm uses an asynchronous message driven computing model with no synchronizing barriers, and hence it is scalable to a larger number of processors. Also, the algorithm is portable across a wide variety parallel machines. Experimental results on various parallel machines are presented. The algorithm is built around a well-defined sequential algorithm interface such that there can be benefits from future expansion of the sequential algorithm.< >

关键词： Design automation Parallel algorithms

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Harvest rate of reconfigurable pipelines

Harvest rate of reconfigurable pipelines

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IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems

作者： Weiping Shi Ming-Feng Chang W. Kent Fuchs Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

Yield analysis for reconfigurable structures is often difficult, due to the defect distribution and irregularity of reconfiguration algorithms. In this paper, the authors give a method to analyze the yield of reconfigurable pipelines for the following model: Given n pipelines with m stages, where each stage of a pipeline is defective with constant probability and spare wires are provided for reconfiguration, the authors calculate the expected percentage of pipelines they can harvest after reconfiguration. By modeling the 'shifting' reconfiguration as weighted chains in a lattice and applying poset theory, they give upper and lower bounds for the harvest rate as a function of m and n.< >

关键词： Pipelines Wires Lattices Very large scale integration Switches Algorithm design and analysis Parallel architectures Supercomputers Equations engineering management

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