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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhao, Zhouxiang Yang, Zhaohui Chen, Mingzhe Zhang, Zhaoyang Xu, Wei Huang, Kaibin College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University China Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral GablesFL33146 United States National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing211189 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) are emerging as a pivotal element in the evolution of future wireless networks. Despite their potential, the joint design of communication and computation within SAGINs remains a formidable challenge. In this paper, the problem of energy efficiency in SAGIN-enabled probabilistic semantic communication (PSC) system is investigated. In the considered model, a satellite needs to transmit data to multiple ground terminals (GTs) via an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) acting as a relay. During transmission, the satellite and the UAV can use PSC technique to compress the transmitting data, while the GTs can automatically recover the missing information. The PSC is underpinned by shared probability graphs that serve as a common knowledge base among the transceivers, allowing for resource-saving communication at the expense of increased computation resource. Through analysis, the computation overhead function in PSC is a piecewise function with respect to the semantic compression ratio. Therefore, it is important to make a balance between communication and computation to achieve optimal energy efficiency. The joint communication and computation problem is formulated as an optimization problem aiming to minimize the total communication and computation energy consumption of the network under latency, power, computation capacity, bandwidth, semantic compression ratio, and UAV location constraints. To solve this non-convex non-smooth problem, we propose an iterative algorithm where the closed-form solutions for computation capacity allocation and UAV altitude are obtained at each iteration. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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A Privacy Preserving and Byzantine Robust Collaborative Federated Learning Method Design

A Privacy Preserving and Byzantine Robust Collaborative Fede...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Nuocheng Yang Sihua Wang Mingzhe Chen Changchuan Yin Christopher G. Brinton Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Network Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728190549

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190556

Collaborative federated learning (CFL) enables device cooperation in training shared machine learning models without reliance on a parameter server. However, the absence of a parameter server also impacts vulnerabilities associated with adversarial attacks, including privacy inference and Byzantine attacks. In this context, this paper introduces a novel CFL framework that enables each device to individually determine the subset of devices to transmit FL parameters to over the wireless network, based on its neighboring devices' location, current loss, and connection information, to achieve privacy protection and robust aggregation. This is formulated as an optimization problem whose goal is to minimize CFL training loss while satisfying the privacy preservation, robust aggregation, and transmission delay requirements. To solve this problem, a proximal policy optimization (PPO)-based reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm integrated with a graph neural network (GNN) is proposed. Compared to traditional algorithms that use global information with high computational complexity, the proposed GNN-RL method can be deployed on devices based on neighboring information with lower computational overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can protect data privacy and increase identification accuracy by 15% compared to an algorithm in which devices are partially clustered for model aggregation.

关键词： Training Privacy Federated learning Simulation Collaboration Clustering algorithms Propagation losses

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Sparsification and Optimization for Energy-Efficient Federated Learning in Wireless Edge Networks

Sparsification and Optimization for Energy-Efficient Federat...

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GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Lei Lei Yaxiong Yuan Yang Yang Yu Luo Lina Pu Symeon Chatzinotas School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi’ an Jiaotong University China Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliability and Trust (SnT) University of Luxembourg Luxembourg Competence Center for High Performance Computing Fraunhofer ITWM Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University USA Department of Computer Science University of Alabama USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435413

Federated Learning (FL), as an effective decentral-ized approach, has attracted considerable attention in privacy-preserving applications for wireless edge networks. In practice, edge devices are typically limited by energy, memory, and computation capabilities. In addition, the communications be-tween the central server and edge devices are with constrained resources, e.g., power or bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a joint sparsification and optimization scheme to reduce the energy consumption in local training and data transmission. On the one hand, we introduce sparsification, leading to a large number of zero weights in sparse neural networks, to alleviate devices' computational burden and mitigate the data volume to be uploaded. To handle the non-smoothness incurred by sparsification, we develop an enhanced stochastic gradient descent algorithm to improve the learning performance. On the other hand, we optimize power, bandwidth, and learning parameters to avoid communication congestion and enable an energy-efficient transmission between the central server and edge devices. By collaboratively deploying the above two components, the numerical results show that the overall energy consumption in FL can be significantly reduced, compared to benchmark FL with fully-connected neural networks.

关键词： Wireless communication Training Energy consumption Federated learning Neural networks Bandwidth Energy efficiency

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Decoupled Doubly Contrastive Learning for Cross Domain Facial Action Unit Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Yong Liu, Menglin Cui, Zhen Ding, Yi Zong, Yuan Zheng, Wenming Shan, Shiguang Guan, Cuntai School of Computer Science and Engineering The Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Key Laboratory of AI Safety Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Nanjing210096 China

Despite the impressive performance of current vision-based facial action unit (AU) detection approaches, they are heavily susceptible to the variations across different domains and the cross-domain AU detection methods are under-explored. In response to this challenge, we propose a decoupled doubly contrastive adaptation (D2CA) approach to learn a purified AU representation that is semantically aligned for the source and target domains. Specifically, we decompose latent representations into AU-relevant and AU-irrelevant components, with the objective of exclusively facilitating adaptation within the AU-relevant subspace. To achieve the feature decoupling, D2CA is trained to disentangle AU and domain factors by assessing the quality of synthesized faces in cross-domain scenarios when either AU or domain attributes are modified. To further strengthen feature decoupling, particularly in scenarios with limited AU data diversity, D2CA employs a doubly contrastive learning mechanism comprising image and feature-level contrastive learning to ensure the quality of synthesized faces and mitigate feature ambiguities. This new framework leads to an automatically learned, dedicated separation of AU-relevant and domain-relevant factors, and it enables intuitive, scale-specific control of the cross-domain facial image synthesis. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of D2CA in successfully decoupling AU and domain factors, yielding visually pleasing cross-domain synthesized facial images. Meanwhile, D2CA consistently outperforms state-of-the-art cross-domain AU detection approaches, achieving an average F1 score improvement of 6%-14% across various cross-domain scenarios. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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CLIMS++: Cross Language Image Matching with Automatic Context Discovery for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation

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International Journal of computer Vision 2025年 1-20页

作者： Xie, Jinheng Deng, Songhe Hou, Xianxu Luo, Zhaochuan Shen, Linlin Huang, Yawen Zheng, Yefeng Shou, Mike Zheng Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Computer Science Wenzhou-Kean University Wenzhou325060 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Show Lab National University of Singapore Singapore639798 Singapore School of AI and Advanced Computing Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou215400 China Jarvis Research Center Tencent YouTu Lab Shenzhen518703 China

While promising results have been achieved in weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS), limited supervision from image-level tags inevitably induces discriminative reliance and spurious relations between target classes and background regions. Thus, Class Activation Map (CAM) usually tends to activate discriminative object regions and falsely includes lots of class-related backgrounds. Without pixel-level supervisions, it could be very difficult to enlarge the foreground activation and suppress those false activation of background regions. In this paper, we propose a novel framework of Cross Language Image Matching with Automatic Context Discovery (CLIMS++), based on the recently introduced Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, for WSSS. The core idea of our framework is to introduce natural language supervision to activate more complete object regions and suppress class-related background regions in CAM. In particular, we design object, background region, and text label matching losses to guide the model to excite more reasonable object regions of each category. In addition, we propose to automatically find spurious relations between foreground categories and backgrounds, through which a background suppression loss is designed to suppress the activation of class-related backgrounds. The above designs enable the proposed CLIMS++ to generate a more complete and compact activation map for the target objects. Extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2012 and MS COCO 2014 datasets show that our CLIMS++ significantly outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Optimization of Grayscale Image Security through the use of Hybrid Cryptographic Techniques based on Sine and Logistics Maps

Optimization of Grayscale Image Security through the use of ...

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Innovative Research in Applied science, engineering and Technology (IRASET),Conference on

作者： Fatima Koulouh Amine Safae Mohammed Es-Sabry Merras Mostafa Nabile Elakkad Department of Computer Science Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Morocco Laboratory of Information Security Intelligent Systems and Applications Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tetouan Morocco Image Laboratory High School of Technology Moulay Ismail University Morocco Laboratory of Engineering Systems and Applications Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Morocco

ISBN: (数字)9798350309508

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309515

This paper presents an innovative method for enhancing security improve the security of grayscale images by integrating hybrid cryptographic techniques, specifically taking advantage of the sine map and a dual application of the logistic map. The synergy of these chaotic systems reinforces the encryption process, the sinusoidal card generating pseudo-random sequences essential for the generation of cryptographic keys, and the double logistic card adding complexity and unpredictability. Hybridization exploits their complementary characteristics, contributing to the overall robustness of the encryptions system. The theoretical foundations of the sinusoidal map and the double logistic map are examined, highlighting their suitability for cryptographic applications. A comparative examination with established techniques showcases the effectiveness of the proposed method, both in terms of security and computational efficiency, experimental results showing resilience against various attacks, providing information for practical integration into image security frameworks.

关键词： Gray-scale Robustness Encryption Computational efficiency Complexity theory Protection Optimization

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Hierarchical Reverse Games for the Resource Ecosystem in Cloud-Edge computing

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年

作者： Pei, Manlin Wang, Chenyu Wang, Xia Zheng, Zhigao Huang, Jianhui Wang, Shengling Guo, Yufei School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Department of Computer Science Georgia State University United States Beijing University of Technology School of Statistics and Data Science Faculty of Science Beijing China Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan University Wuhan China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Computing Technology Beijing China Beijing Normal University School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing China George Washington University Department of Statistics United States

Edge computing has emerged as a killer technology for a hyper-connected world due to its distributed architecture and customer-proximity property. Combined edge nodes with the cloud data center, a cloud-edge computing paradigm is formed, whose resource ecosystem calls for competitive pricing and optimal resource allocation. However, it is not feasible to realize global information-based optimization since some information is kept private to their owners. To solve this challenge, this paper develops the user-independent hierarchical reverse game and the user-assisted hierarchical reverse game to depict the relationship among the resource provider, the resource tenant, and the resource user. The aim is to seek the optimal strategies for players without revealing any private information. The common trait of both games is to force the players to report the optimal strategies based on their actual private information. This salient trait can produce privacy-preservation optimization since there is no requirement for the players to release their individual information directly, and the optimal strategies of other players can be deduced naturally. The difference between the user-independent hierarchical reverse game and the user-assisted one is that the game rules are stipulated entirely by the provider and the tenants (edge nodes) in the former, while some game rules can be customized according to the advice of users in the latter. This leads the user-independent hierarchical reverse game is more concise and easy to guarantee the incentive compatibility constraint, while the user-assisted hierarchical reverse game can attract more users since the game rules can adapt to their economic status, requirements, and preferences. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud platforms

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A high-Order Scheme for Fractional Ordinary Differential Equations with the Caputo-Fabrizio Derivative

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2020年第2期2卷 179-199页

作者： Junying Cao Ziqiang Wang Chuanju Xu School of Data Science and Information Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Mathematical Sciences and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and High Performance Scientific Computing Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

In this paper, we consider numerical solutions of fractional ordinary diferential equations with the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative, and construct and analyze a high-order time-stepping scheme for this equation. The proposed method makes use of quadratic interpolation function in sub-intervals, which allows to produce fourth-order convergence. A rigorous stability and convergence analysis of the proposed scheme is given. A series of numerical examples are presented to validate the theoretical claims. Traditionally a scheme having fourth-order convergence could only be obtained by using block-by-block technique. The advantage of our scheme is that the solution can be obtained step by step, which is cheaper than a block-by-block-based approach.

关键词： Caputo-Fabrizio derivative Fractional diferential equations high-order numerical scheme

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Jointly Optimizing Terahertz based Sensing and Communications in Vehicular Networks: A Dynamic Graph Neural Network Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Xuefei Chen, Mingzhe Hu, Ye Zhang, Zhilong Liu, Danpu Mao, Shiwen The Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Network Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral GablesFL33146 United States The Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFL33146 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849 United States

In this paper, the problem of vehicle service mode selection (sensing, communication, or both) and vehicle connections within terahertz (THz) enabled joint sensing and communications over vehicular networks is studied. The considered network consists of several service provider vehicles (SPVs) that can provide: 1) only sensing service, 2) only communication service, and 3) both services, sensing service request vehicles, and communication service request vehicles. Based on the vehicle network topology and their service accessibility, SPVs strategically select service request vehicles to provide sensing, communication, or both services. This problem is formulated as an optimization problem, aiming to maximize the number of successfully served vehicles by jointly determining the service mode of each SPV and its associated vehicles. To solve this problem, we propose a dynamic graph neural network (GNN) model that selects appropriate graph information aggregation functions according to the vehicle network topology, thus extracting more vehicle network information compared to traditional static GNNs that use fixed aggregation functions for different vehicle network topologies. Using the extracted vehicle network information, the service mode of each SPV and its served service request vehicles will be determined. Simulation results show that the proposed dynamic GNN based method can improve the number of successfully served vehicles by up to 17% and 28% compared to a GNN based algorithm with a fixed neural network model and a conventional optimization algorithm without using GNNs. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vehicles

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Toward AI-Powered Edge Intelligence for Object Detection in Self-Driving Cars: Enhancing IoV Efficiency and Safety

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16990-16997页

作者： Imran Ahmed Misbah Ahmad Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi Abdellah Chehri Gwangill Jeon School of Computing and Information Science Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge U.K. Centre for Machine Vision Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of England Bristol U.K. Department of Animal and Agriculture Hartpury University Gloucester U.K. College of Engineering and Physical Sciences Aston University Birmingham U.K. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Royal Military College of Canada Kingston ON Canada Department of Embedded Systems Engineering Incheon National University Incheon South Korea

In the rapidly advancing field of intelligent transportation systems, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with edge computing presents a promising way to enhance the safety and efficiency of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). This study explores and presents a deep learning-based object detection model within an edge computing framework which aims to facilitate real time object detection in self driving cars. Using an urban traffic scenarios-based dataset, our research shows the ability of the model to accurately detect and classify various objects important for autonomous driving. The YOLOv8 model is used in this work due to its optimal balance between accuracy and computational efficiency. This model has also demonstrated its worth by achieving good performance results, including an average precision of 0.79, a recall of 0.62, and an F1-score of 0.69. The results are demonstrated by a detailed confusion matrix, highlighting the model’s effectiveness in complex driving environments and underscoring its reliability for in-vehicle deployment. By implementing AI directly on edge devices within vehicles, our approach might be helpful in significantly reducing latency, boosting decision-making speed, and enhancing data privacy by minimising dependence on cloud processing. The findings not only support the model’s capabilities but also illustrate the practical benefits of edge intelligence in autonomous vehicles. These benefits, such as faster decision making and improved data privacy, contribute effectively to the IoV infrastructure. This study marks a substantial step toward recognizing the possibility of AI-enhanced edge computing in driving the next generation of autonomous vehicle technology.

关键词： Computational modeling Object detection Edge computing Image edge detection Artificial intelligence computer architecture Data models Accuracy Servers Safety

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