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7th World Congress on Intelligent control and Automation (WCICA 2008), vol.6

作者： Yucheng Bai Xiaoqi Tang Jihong Chen Fangyu Peng National NC System Engineering Research Center Huazhong University of Science슠and슠Technology Wuhan Hubei China Wuhan Huazhong Numerical Control Company Limited Huazhong University of Science슠and슠Technology Wuhan Hubei China

Two new methods to improve the Ultra-low speed control performance of ac servo system are described in this paper. One is improved M/T method, which could minimize the influence of speed detection dead time and smooth the measurement Another is instantaneous speed detection based on constant jerk model, which assumes the rotor jerk is constant at the interval of sampling period. The instantaneous speed is calculated by analytic geometry. This method can minimize both the speed detection dead time and detection delay, which is the premise of low-speed control. The effectiveness of these methods has been confirmed by experimentation. The experimental system is composed of a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a PWM inverter and a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM).

关键词： Ultra-low speed Improved M/T method Instantaneous speed PMSM Servo

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An experimental study of aluminum-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon thin film in different atmospheres

Pan Tao Ti Hsueh Pao/Chinese Journal of Semiconductors

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Pan Tao Ti Hsueh Pao/Chinese Journal of Semiconductors 2008年第8期29卷 1544-1547页

作者： Wang, Chenglong Fan, Duowang Sun, Shuo Zhang, Fujia National Engineering Research Center for Technology and Equipment of Environmental Deposition Lanzhou 730070 China MOE Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligence Control Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 China School of Physics Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

The influence of annealing atmosphere on the aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) of a-Si film has been studied by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The films were annealed in different annealing atmospheres, i.e., H2, N2 and air. The Al and amorphous silicon films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on glass substrate. The XRD results indicate that the a-Si film was crystallized to poly-Si when the sample was annealed in H2 at 400C for 90 min. The results of Raman spectroscopy show that the crystallinity of the samples after annealing in H2 is the maximum and the samples after annealing in air is the lowest under the same conditions, such as annealing temperature (500C) and annealing time. The experimental results indicate that H2 stimulates the crystallization of a-Si films during high temperature annealing in hydrogen by both breaking the weak bonding of Si-Si and accelerating the overflow rate of O2 from the a-Si films.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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Atmospheric corrosion effects of air pollution on materials and cultural property in Asia and Africa

Atmospheric corrosion effects of air pollution on materials ...

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17th International Corrosion Congress 2008: Corrosion control in the Service of Society

作者： Tidblad, Johan Kucera, Vladimir Hicks, Kevin Kuylenstierna, Johan Dawei, Zhao Ng, Kai Wing Saha, D. Das, Surendra N. Zandi, Masood Galang, Rosita Ramiz, Abdul Muhsin Pradhan, Bidya Banmali Arachchi, Warnika Ranawaka Chantra, Wirach Lien, Le Thi Hong Foax, L Jay Dombo, Godfrey Chissico, Manuel Lazaro Lungu, Chozi Mmari, Albert G. Swerea KIMAB AB Drottning Kristinas väg 48 SE-11428 Stockholm Sweden University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD United Kingdom Chongqing Institute of Environmental Science and Monitoring 252 Qi Shan Road Ran Jia Ba Yu Bei District Chongqing China Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Revenue Tower 5 Gloucester Road Wan Chai Hong Kong Central Pollution Control Board Dholpur House Agra-282001 India Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Bhubaneswar 751013 India Air Pollution Research Bureau-DOE Environmental Research Center Hemmat Highway Tehran Islamic Iran Malaysian Meteorological Service Jalan Sultan 46667 Petaling Jaya Selangor D.E Malaysia Department of Meteorology Orchid Building Orchid Magu Malé Maldives P.O. Box 3226 Kathmandu Nepal Central Environmental Authority 104 Robert Gunawardana Mawatha Battaramulla Sri Lanka 196 Phahonyothin Road Chatuchak Bangkok 10900 Thailand Institute of Materials Science Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Cau Giay Hanoi Viet Nam Corner Frost Avenue Auckland Park Johannesburg South Africa Department of Metallurgical Engineering University of Zimbabwe Mount Pleasant Harare Zimbabwe Department of Physics Eduardo Mondlane University B. Coop - RVA Jose. A. De Almeida No. 58 R/C ESQ Maputo Mozambique Department of Metallurgy and Mineral Processing University of Zambia Great East Road Campus Lusaka Zambia Physics Department University of Dar Es Salaam P.O.Box 35063 Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781615674251

This project is part of the Swedish International Development Co-operation Agency (Sida) funded Program on Regional Air pollution in Developing Countries (RAPIDC). The Program is managed on Sida's behalf by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) and the corrosion project is coordinated by Swerea KIMAB AB. Corrosion attack after one (2002-2003 and 2005-2006), two (2002-2004) and four (2002-2006) years of exposure are presented for 12 test sites in Asia (India, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, and China including Hong Kong) and four test sites in Africa (South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe). Materials exposed are carbon steel, zinc, copper, limestone and paint coated steel. At each test site, the environment is characterized by SO2, NO2, HNO3, O3, particles, amount and pH of precipitation, temperature and relative humidity. Preliminary results are also given from the enlargement of the network (2006-) by inclusion of five new test sites in Asia (Taj Mahal/India, Iran, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Maldives) and two new test sites in Africa (Mozambique and Tanzania). SO2 is the most important parameter but acid rain is also important for all materials while HNO3 show correlation to corrosion of zinc and limestone, much similar to the situation in Europe. Attempts to predict corrosion values using dose-response functions developed in Europe have failed, especially for limestone. © 2009 by NACE International.

关键词： Limestone

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Production of acetic acid by hydrothermal two-step process of vegetable wastes for use as a road deicer

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2008年第8期121卷

作者： F Jin Y Watanabe A Kishita H Enomoto H Kishida Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University Sendai 980-8579 Japan Environmental Systems Headquarters Environmental Research and Development Center Hitachi Zosen Corporation Kyoto 625-8501 Japan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science & Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China College of Environmental Science & Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

This study aimed to produce acetic acid from vegetable wastes by a new hydrothermal two-step process. A continuous flow reaction system with a maximum treatment capacity of 2 kg/h of dry biomass developed by us was used. Five kinds of vegetables of carrots, white radish, chinese cabbage, cabbage and potato were selected as the representation of vegetable wastes. First, batch experiments with the selected vegetables were performed under the condition of 300°C, 1 min for the first step, and 300°C, 1 min and 70% oxygen supply for the second step, which is the optimum condition for producing acetic acid in the case of using starch as test material. The highest yields of acetic acid from five vegetables were almost the same as those obtained from starch. Subsequently, similar the highest yield of acetic acid and experimental conditions from vegetables were also obtained successfully using the continuous flow reaction system. These results should be useful for developing an industrial scale process.

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Wastewater treatment of papermaking tobacco leaf with anaerobic granular sludge

Wastewater treatment of papermaking tobacco leaf with anaero...

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engineering, Pulping and environmental Conference 2007, TAPPI

作者： Hou, Yi Li, Youming Hu, Songqing National Engineering Research Center of Papermaking and Pollution Control South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781605600659

Mature anaerobic granular sludge with a stable removal rate of CODcr(>85%) was obtained from a pilot-scale anaerobic reactor for wastewater treatment of a papermaking tobacco leaf plant. The microstructure of the granular sludge, such as particle size distribution and pore size distributions were studied. The characteristics of the original wastewater and anaerobic reactor effluent were analyzed by FTIR and GC-MS. Results showed that there were many complex substances such as fiber and cut-fiber, lignin, organic acids and nicotine in the wastewater of papermaking tobacco leaf characteristic of a large amount drainage, dark color, high concentrations of CODcr and BOD5. The main contaminations in wastewater were the hydrolysate of carbohydrates, lower carboxylic organic acids and higher fatty acids, which resulted in the acidity of the wastewater and the good biodegradation in the anaerobic process. But incomplete biodegradation of lignin and nicotine in the wastewater, which contributed to the dark color and remaining CODcr(>100 mg/L) were the limiting factors for the effectiveness and economics of wastewater treatments for the papermaking tobacco leaf industry.

关键词： Biodegradation

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research on cotton bast pulping using alkaline peroxide bivis pulp method

Research on cotton bast pulping using alkaline peroxide bivi...

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engineering, Pulping and environmental Conference 2007, TAPPI

作者： Zhijun, Hu Kaitang, Hu Xunzai, Nie Youming, Li Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou 310023 China College of Chemical and Environment Engineering Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430064 China National Engineering Research Center of Papermaking and Pollution Control South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781605600659

In this paper, a neoteric pulping method, alkaline peroxide Bivis pulp (APBP) and its application on cotton bast is introduced. The main chemicals used in the pulp process were alkali and peroxide, and the third generation Bivis refiner was used. The cotton stem was separated into three fractions: cotton stalk, cotton bast and surface layer bast. Cotton stalk and cotton bast were pulped respectively, which overcame the disadvantage of the traditional pulping method applied on whole cotton stem. An orthogonal test design was used in the experiments to obtain the optimal conditions and the main parameters in the chemical pretreatment stage according to the changes of the physical properties of the paper sheets. It was shown that high yield and high strength properties of the paper sheet with low pollution and low energy consumption could be obtained with the cotton bast pulp by APBP method. APBP method is a comparatively competitive pulping method for cotton bast fibre, which shows a new path for bast fibres and non-wood fibres pulping.

关键词： Cotton

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The study on contamination characteristic and decolonization method of chemi-thermomechanical pulp effluent

The study on contamination characteristic and decolonization...

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engineering, Pulping and environmental Conference 2007, TAPPI

作者： Hu, Zhijun Hu, Kaitang Li, Youming Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou 310023 China National Engineering Research Center of Papermaking and Pollution Control South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781605600659

Chemi-thermomechanical Pulp (CTMP) effluent is characterized with high concentration organic pollutant, dark color, high alkalinity and complex ingredients, therefore it is difficult to treat with the traditional methods. In the present paper the color characteristics of effluent was studied, and a novel method, dynamic composite electrochemical method, was developed for treating the effluent. In the treating process, the functions of three dimension electrode technology, chemical modified electrode and micro-electrolysis technology were combined in a reactor. The main influencing factors [viz., modified electrode, liquid flow rate, current density and pH value] were investigated to get the optimum conditions. It was observed that the main resource of color came from the compounds with molecular weight more than 30000 Da, and the ionization of phenolic hydroxyl and the metal complexes in the effluent was the main reason of the dark color. The removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color were above 95% and 70% respectively after 1h reaction under the following conditions: anode material TiZSnO 2-Sb2O5-MnO2/PbO2, pH=5, current density ***-2, liquid flow rate ***-1 and room temperature. The degradation and reduction of organic pollutants could be attributed to the synergetic effect of electro-catalysis, direct electro-oxidation, indirect oxidation of the intermediate species and the coagulation of neonatal active flocculant.

关键词： Chemical oxygen demand

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Developing a learning mechanism for a spatial decision support system for medfly control in citrus

Developing a learning mechanism for a spatial decision suppo...

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6th European Conference on Precision Agriculture, ECPA 2007

作者： Cohen, A. Cohen, Y. Broday, D. Hetzroni, A. Alchanatis, V. Timar, D. Gazit, Y. Agricultural Research Organization Volcani Center Institute of Agricultural Engineering Bet Dagan Israel Division of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion -Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel PPMB - Citrus Division Israel Cohen Institute for Biological Control Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9789086860241

An initial Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) for Medfly infestation was developed to improve spraying actions. Beside the spray model that produces a spraying recommendations map, the SDSS has a learning mechanism that aims at realizing the ability of tuning the spray model or indicating data gaps. The learning mechanism compares between the SDSS recommendations and the expert decision and selects appropriate cases for learning. The learning mechanism algorithm is described and initial results are presented. The results indicate a high degree of agreement between the SDSS recommendations and the expert decisions. However, disagreements between the SDSS and the expert decision support the need for such a learning model and indicate ways of tuning the SDSS.

关键词： Decision support systems

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An analysis method for uncovering the nature of road traffic accident based on Gray relation

An analysis method for uncovering the nature of road traffic...

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IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS)

作者： Ming Ma Chao-zhong Wu Xin-ping Yan Engineering Research Center of Transportation Safety Control and Equipments Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan Hubei China Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan Hubei China

Road traffic system is composed of four factors: driver, vehicle, road and traffic surroundings, and traffic accidents can be brought out by the disorder of these four factors. This study develops a method to analyze the causes of traffic accidents happening in one "hazardous" road based on Gray relation. To describe an accident, some detailed items which belong to the four factors are chosen, and their weights are fixed on with analytic hierarchy process. Then, the actual road traffic accidents data collected from the "hazardous" road are used to evaluate risk levels of all these factors and items with the weighted method. Gray relation method is applied to identify the relations between accidents and the four factors, and to analyze the causes of driver's unsafe acts. The analysis results can be used to improve road traffic safety.

关键词： Road accidents Solid modeling Traffic control Road vehicles Statistical analysis Neural networks Decision trees Entropy Classification tree analysis Rough sets

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ADSORPTION OF PHENOL AND Pb^(2+) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY A NEW DI-FUNCTION ADSORBENT WITH SULFHYDRYL GROUPS

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Chinese Journal of Reactive Polymers 2007年第1期16卷 46-54页

作者： WANG Jinnan LI Aimin ZHANG Bo ZHANG Quanxing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Research Center for Engineering Technology of Organic Pollutants Control and Resources Reuse of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210038 China

A new di-function adsorbent (JN-3) was prepared by sulfhydryl modified. Comparing with Amberlite XAD-4 and NDA-150, the equilibrium adsorption for phenol on the JN-3 from aqueous solutions was tested, perfect adsorption capacity was shown. Pb2+ can be also removed by JN-3 because of the chelate interaction between sulfhydryl groups and metal ions. This adsorbent could be used in removal of combine pollutants such as phenolic compounds and heavy metal ions from waste streams.

关键词： Sulfhydryl Di-function resin Phenol Pb2^＋ Adsorption.

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