检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Sintering of MSWI fly ash by microwave energy

Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009年第1期163卷 357-362页

作者： Chou, Sun-Yu Lo, Shang-Lien Hsieh, Ching-Hong Chen, Ching-Lung Research Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University 71 Chou-Shan Road Taipei 106 Taiwan

This study presents the sintering of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash assisted by microwave energy. The composition of fly ash was investigated by chemical sequential extraction and modified microwave digestion method. Effects of process time, container materials, aging time and salt contents were also discussed. The major elements of fly ash are Ca, Cl, Na, Si, K, Al, Mg, and Zn, and the metal species, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ca, and Cu, are mainly in the oxide phase. Under microwave processing, the fly ash was sintered into a glass-ceramics and the leaching concentrations of heavy metals were restrained. The stabilization efficiency increased with an increase in processing time in most of the cases. Better stabilization efficiency of fly ash was discovered by using the SiO2 or Al2O3 container than by using the graphite plate/SiC plate. The presence of salt in the fly ash could enhance the sintering and stabilization of fly ash. During the aging time of 0-30 days, negligible Pb in the sintered fly ash was leached out, and the leaching concentration was lower than the criterion. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum oxide

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Hydrodynamics research of wastewater treatment bioreactors

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Journal of Harbin Institute of technology(New Series) 2009年第3期16卷 309-317页

作者：任南琪张冰周雪飞 School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Research Tongji University

To optimize the design and improve the performance of wastewater treatment bioreactors,the review concerning the hydrodynamics explored by theoretical equations,process experiments,modeling of the hydrodynamics and flow field measurement is presented. Results of different kinds of experiments show that the hydrodynamic characteristics can affect sludge characteristics,mass transfer and reactor performance significantly. Along with the development of theoretical equations,turbulence models including large eddy simulation models and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models are widely used at present. Standard and modified k-ε models are the most widely used eddy viscosity turbulence models for simulating flows in bioreactors. Numerical simulation of hydrodynamics is proved to be efficient for optimizing design and operation. The development of measurement techniques with high accuracy and low intrusion enables the flow filed in the bioreactors to be transparent. Integration of both numerical simulation and experimental measurement can describe the hydrodynamics very well.

关键词： wastewater treatment bioreactor hydrodynamics simulation measurement technique

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Selective sorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate on molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbents

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2009年第2期3卷 171-177页

作者： Shubo DENG Danmeng SHUAI Qiang YU Jun HUANG Gang YU Department of Environmental Science and Engineering POPs Research Centerand State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS),as a potential persistent organic pollutant,has been widely detected in water environments,and has become a great concern in recent *** is very stable and difficult to decompose using conventional *** may be an attractive method to remove it from *** this study,the molecularly imprinted polymer(MIP)adsorbents were prepared through the polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine under different preparation conditions in order to remove perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)from *** MIP adsorbents using perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)as the template had good imprinting effects and could selectively remove PFOS from aqueous *** sorption behaviors including sorption kinetics,isotherms,and effect of pH,salt,and competitive anions were *** results showed that the sorption of PFOS on the MIP adsorbents was very fast,pHdependent,and highly *** achieved fast sorption equilibrium within 1 h was attributed to the surface sorption on the fine *** sorption isotherms showed that the sorption selectivity of PFOS on the MIP adsorbents decreased at high PFOS concentrations,which may be due to the double-layer sorption and the formation of PFOS micelles on the sorbent *** sorption of PFOS on the MIP adsorbents was mainly dominated by the electrostatic interaction between the protonated vinylpyridine on the adsorbent surface and the anionic *** prepared MIP adsorbents can potentially be applied in water and wastewater treatment for selective removal of PFOS.

关键词： perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) molecularly imprinted polymer(MIP)adsorbents selective sorption electrostatic interaction

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Selective decomposition of aqueous nitrate into nitrogen using iron deposited bimetals

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environmental Science and technology 2009年第7期43卷 2482-2488页

作者： Liou, Ya Hsuan Lin, Chin Jung Weng, Shih Chi Ou, Hsin Hung Lo, Shang Lien Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Research Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan

In the case of the reduction of nitrate in groundwater, the problem is how to convert nitrate [N(+V)] selectively to nontoxic dinitrogen [N(0)] and not to completely reduced ammonia [N(-III)]. Unfortunately, near 100% of the total nitrogen in nitrate is reductively converted to ammonia using naked zerovalent iron (ZVI) thus far reported. In this study, deposition of noble metals (Pt, Pd, and Au) and Cu on iron surface to offer favorable pathways for nitrate reduction was fabricated using either the complete mixing or the successive method with spontaneous redox reactions. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy, and electrochemical analysis. The formation of N2 from the reduction of nitrate was confirmed by residual gas analyzer coupled to a high vacuum system. Based on the experimental results, the ZVI deposited Pd and Cu closely is suggested to promote the abstraction of oxygen from NOx by adsorbed atomic hydrogen on the Cu surface, and enhance N2 formation on the Pd surface. An optimum N2 selectivity of ∼30% obtained in the alkaline solution containing nitrate using 0.3 wt.% Pd-0.5 wt.% Cu/Fe is evident. For groundwater treatment, iron deposited Pd and Cu could facilitate the development of a process requiring neither a massive addition of chemicals nor complex equipment. © 2009 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Nitrates

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Synthesis and application of a hydrophobic hypercrosslinked polymeric resin for removing VOCs from humid gas stream

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第4期20卷 492-495页

作者： Peng Liu Chao Long Hong Ming Qian Ying Li Ai Min Li Quan Xing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Chemical Industrial Waste Water Disposal and Resources Reuse Nanjing 210046 China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Organic Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Nanjing 210046 China

A hydrophobic hypercrosslinked polymeric resin LC-1 was prepared and characterized. The properties of LC-1 resin were compared with those of a commercial hypercrosstinked polymer NDA-201 resin. In addition, the dynamic adsorption of trichloroethylene （TCE） onto LC-1 under dry and humid conditions at 303 K was investigated, the result shows that LC-1 possesses high hydrophobic property and can remove TCE from gas stream without effect of high humidity efficiently.

关键词： Hypercrosslinked polymeric resin Hydrophobic property Adsorption

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Corrigendum to "A new method for assessing domino effect in chemical process industry" [J. Hazard. Mater. 182 (2010) 416-426]

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Journal of hazardous materials 2010年第1-3期184卷 877页

作者： Bahman Abdolhamidzadeh Tasneem Abbasi D Rashtchian S A Abbasi Center for Process Design Safety and Loss Prevention Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran. Center for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering Pondicherry University Kalapet Pondicherry 605 014 India. Center for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering Pondicherry University Kalapet Pondicherry 605 014 India. Electronic address: prof.s.a.abbasi@***.

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Stabilization of copper-contaminated sludge using the microwave sintering

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Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009年第2-3期168卷 857-861页

作者： Chen, Ching-Lung Lo, Shang-Lien Kuan, Wen-Hui Hsieh, Ching-Hong Research Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University No. 71 Chou-Shan Rd Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering MingChi University of Technology No. 84 Gongjhuan Rd Taishan Township Taipei County 243 Taiwan

A sintering with a microwave process was considered to stabilize copper-contaminated sludge and transform it into a sinter because microwave can provide uniform and quick heating. The parameters of addition of iron powder and ferric oxide, crucible modification, and air-forced leading were used in the microwave sintering. The results showed that reduced copper was present and some holes, caused by the high copper-contaminated synthetic sludge passing through the microwave sintering, were distributed throughout the sinters. However, when microwave sintering with the modification of parameters (improved microwave sintering) was used, the phenomena of copper reduction and hole formation were dispelled. Moreover, the improved microwave sintering of synthetic sludge with iron powder at 800 W at 30 min formed cuprospinel with peaks of 2 degrees of 18.508 and 57.05 shifting to 18.9 and 56.55 and the leaching concentration from this sinter passed the limit of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) for copper. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Copper

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Poly(vinylpyridine) adsorbent for the removal of SIPA from its aqueous solution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第5期20卷 604-607页

作者： Wei Hua Tao Ai Min Li Chao Long Hong Ming Qian State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Chemical Industrial Waste Water Disposal and Resources Reuse Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Organic Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Nanjing 210046 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection Yancheng 224002 China

Poly（vinylpyridine） WH-225 resin was prepared and characterized. Compared with the commercial hypercrosslinked adsorbent NDA-100 and macroporous adsorbent XAD-4 resins, the newly synthesized poly（vinylpyridine） WH... 详细信息

关键词： Vinylpyridine resin 5-Sodiosulfoisophthalic acids （SIPA） Adsorption

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Free-standing TiO2 nanotube array films sensitized with CdS as highly active solar light-driven photocatalysts

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Applied Catalysis B: environmental 2009年第1-2期93卷 119-125页

作者： Lin, Chin Jung Yu, Yi Hsien Liou, Ya Hsuan Research Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University 71 Chou-Shan Rd Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University P.O. Box 13-318 Taipei 106 Taiwan

Self-organized, large-scale, free-standing TiO2 nanotube (TiNT)-array films were fabricated via anodization of titanium (Ti) foil in fluorine-containing ethylene glycol, followed by a facile detachment method to flake the TiNT arrays off the Ti substrate. After annealing, the resulting film consisted of well-ordered, vertically oriented, nanocrystalline TiNT arrays of ∼130 nm pore diameter, ∼25 nm wall thickness, and ∼46 μm length, corresponding to a high aspect ratio (the length/diameter) of ∼250. The surface modification of the TiNT-array film using a simple solution-based method was carried out to fabricate a CdS nanoparticle-sensitized TiNT heterostructure-array (CdS/TiNT) film. Except for the significant shift in spectral photoresponse to a lower energy, the induced electron-hole pairs were extracted efficiently by their type-II band alignments in the CdS/TiNT arrays. This was confirmed by the incident photon-to-electron efficiency measurements and the kinetics of photocurrent decay in response to on-off irradiation. As a result of the strong absorption within the solar spectrum and the effective suppression of electron-hole pair recombination, a significant increase of ∼10 times in the apparent first-order rate constant (kobs) of methylene blue (MB) photo-degradation under simulated sunlight (AM 1.5G) illumination was obtained as compared with the commercial Degussa P25 film. This free-standing film provides the advantage of the use of back-side illumination where light directly strikes the CdS/TiNT arrays, largely reducing incident light loss through the solution. In this case, the kobs value was further increased by ∼30% compared with that in front-side illumination. The ease of free-standing TiO2 nanotube array film fabrication and CdS sensitization in this process will facilitate the development of environmental contaminants' solar light-driven decomposition. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Supported Pd/Sn bimetallic nanoparticles for reductive dechlorination of aqueous trichloroethylene

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Chemosphere 2009年第2期74卷 314-319页

作者： Lin, Chin Jung Liou, Ya Hsuan Lo, Shang-Lien Research Center for Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control Technology Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University 71 Chou-Shan Road Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University P.O. Box 13-318 Taipei 106 Taiwan

A Pd/Sn bimetallic nanoparticles resin (nano-Pd/Sn/resin) was successfully synthesized for reductive transformation of aqueous trichloroethylene (TCE). The physicochemical properties of the prepared resin were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 isothermal sorption at and X-ray photospectroscopy. The surface-area-normalized rate constants (kSA) of Sn particles in the nanoscale range (50-100 nm) were 4.5 times larger than the kSA for powdered Sn (0.04 mm). After depositing 1 wt% Pd onto nano-Sn surface, kSA was further enhanced by about a factor of 2. Groundwater constituents such as sulfide nitrate and dissolved oxygen had significant negative effects on the rate of TCE degradation by the nano-Pd/Sn/resin. A wet-chemical method regeneration method was observed to effectively restore the reactivity of the poisoned nano-Pd/Sn/resin after dipping in sulfide solution for 2 d. In all cases, less than 0.5% of the degraded TCE appeared as chlorinated byproducts including the three dichloroethene isomers. The nano-Pd/Sn/resin technique performs well in transforming TCE into nontoxic hydrocarbons, as compared with other published methods. Crown Copyright © 2008.

关键词： Groundwater

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