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Phosphorus removal by constructed wetland treating agricultural runoff in Dianchi region of China

Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B08期25卷 258-258页

作者： Shaoyong LU Pengyi ZHANG Changsheng XIANG State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control Research Center of Lake Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

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Synthesis and Application of a New Acrylic Ester Resin for Recycling SIPA from its Water Solution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2005年第9期16卷 1209-1212页

作者： Wei Ben YANG Ai Min LI Ouan Xing ZHANG Hong Ming QIAN Jun FAN Li Cheng YANG State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 Nanjing College of Chemical Technology Nanjing 210048 Jiangsu Engineering ＆ Technology Research Center for Organic Toxicant Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing 210038

A new acrylic ester polymer YWB-7 resin was prepared and characterized. The properties of YWB-7 resin were compared with those of the commercial Amberlite XAD-7, Diaion HP2MG and hypercrosslinked macroporous polymer NDA-150 resins. Both surface area and micropore area of YWB-7 resin were bigger than those of XAD-7 resin and HP2MG resin. The YWB-7 resin was successfully employed to recycle 5-sodiosulfoisophthalic acids （SIPA） from its solutions with and without methanol.

关键词： Acrylic ester resin 5-sodiosulfoisophthalic acids （SIPA） hydrogen bonding

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Safe water for everyone

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Water Environment and technology 2004年第6期16卷 31-35页

作者： DiGiano, Francis A. Andreottola, Gianni Adham, Samer Buckley, Chris Cornel, Peter Daigger, Glen T. Fane, A.G. Galil, Noah Jacangelo, Joseph G. Pollice, Alfieri Rittmann, Bruce E. Rozzi, Alberto Stephenson, Tom Ujang, Zaini Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Trento Italy Office of Montgomery Watson Harza Broomfield CO Pollution Control Group University of Natal South Africa Civil Engineering Department Darmstadt University of Technology Germany CH2M Hill Denver CO University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Civil Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute Bari Italy Department of Environmental Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL Department of Water Sciences School of Water Sciences Cranfield University United Kingdom Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia

The utility of membrane bioreactors (MBR) as a key to global water sustainability, is described. It can remove biodegradable organics, suspended solids, and inorganic nutrients, along with high percentage of pathogens. They also require less space than traditional activated sludge systems because less hydraulic residence time (HRT) is needed to achieve a given solids retention time (SRT). They also provide excellent pretreatment when reverse osmosis (RO) is needed to generate very high-quality reclaimed water. Decentralized MBRs in dense urban settlements would reduce sewer requirements, encourage local agricultural reuse, and eliminate the need for chlorine disinfection.

关键词： Bioreactors

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Mapping 2D midship drawings into 3D structural models based on STEP AP218

Mapping 2D midship drawings into 3D structural models based ...

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Geometric Modeling and Processing

作者： Ho-Jin Hwang Soonhung Han Yong-Dea Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Taejon South Korea Maritime Safety and Pollution Control Research Center Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering Taejon South Korea

The structural model for midship section is within the scope of STEP AP218. It supports to represent the ship structural models, but shipyards and classification societies exchange the information via 2D drawings. To convert the 2D information into the ship structure models of STEP AP218, we analyze the 2D midship section information of KR-TRAS of Korean Register of Shipping, and add the transverse members information. We also define the mapping table with mapping relationships between two data structures. With this mapping table we develop the translator for midship section. We visualize the translated 3D ship structure model using a STEP viewer. The ship structural model can be shared between different design departments, and used for the life cycle through design, analysis, and maintenance.

关键词： Marine vehicles Design automation Solid modeling Shape ISO standards engineering drawings Electronic mail Data structures Data visualization Manufacturing industries

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Detection of Corticosteroids in the Presence of Organic Acids in a Liquid Chromatography Eluent Using the Negative-ion Mode of Thermospray Mass Spectrometry

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Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 1998年第8期11卷

作者： Yunje Kim Taewook Kim Won Lee Doping Control Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology P.O. Box 131 Seoul 130-701 Korea. Dept. Environmental Engineering Ansung National University Ansung-eup Kyonggi-do 456-749 Korea. Research Institute for Basic Sciences and Department of Chemistry Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea.

The p K a values of organic acids (HCOOH, CH 3 CH 2 COOH, HOCH 2 COOH, HSCH 2 COOH and FCH 2 COOH) in a liquid chromatography (LC) eluent mainly influenced the generation of adduct ions with corticosteroids. The relative abundance of [M + R] − adduct ions increased as the p K a value of the organic acid decreased. An interaction between the functional groups of the organic acids in the LC eluent and those of the corticosteroid affected the generation of fragment ions. When HCOOH was present in the mobile phase, the sensitivity to endogenous hydrocortisone and cortisone in human urine was maximized. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Comparison of germanium and silicon needles as emitter electrodes for air ionizers

Comparison of germanium and silicon needles as emitter elect...

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Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposium (EOS/ESD)

作者： C.G. Noll P.A. Lawless SIMCO Static Control and Cleanroom Products ITW Static Control and Air Products Hatfield PA USA Center for Engineering and Environmental Technology Research and Triangle Institute NC USA

Germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) needles were tested as emitter electrodes for use in low particle generating static eliminators. The materials were found to oxidize with minimal incorporation of nitrogen, and the negative polarity enlitters oxidzed at a greater rate than the positive polarity emitters. The negative polarity silicon emitters generated severall orders of magnitude greater particle emissions than any of the other emitters tested. The mean particle size was about 0.015μm. Although the germanium emitters oxidized, no evidence was found to indicate particles were shed from h s material. Preliminary data indcates the emitters perform equally well in Class 100 cleanroom air, and lowest particle generation is achieved when germanium electrodes are purged with dry air.

关键词： Germanium Silicon Needles Electrodes Corona Oxidation Plasma materials processing Testing Integrated circuit technology Impurities

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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, DE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of Human engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： Human engineering

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Evaluation of subsurface oxygen sensors for remediation monitoring

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1996年第1期16卷 106-111页

作者： Li, DX Lundegard, PD Dong X. Li (Unocal Environmental Technology Group 376 S. Valencia Ave. Brea CA 92621) is a research engineer and has been a member of Unocal's Environmental Technology Group since 1991. Currently he is involved in several bioventing field studies using innovative sensor technology. He has worked on vapor biofiltration and soil bioventing for petroleum hydrocarbon removal in the past two years. He also worked on air emission control issues including hydrogen sulfide abatement in the refinery processes and pilot plant study on Unocal's Selectox process. Dong received a B.S. from Cal Poly University Pomona and an M.S. and a Ph.D. from Washington State University all in chemical engineering. Paul D. Lundegard (Unocal Environmental Technology Group 376 S. Valencia Ave. Brea CA 92621) received a B.S. in geology from the College of William and Mary an M.S. in geology from the University of Cincinnati and a Ph.D. in geology from the University of Texas at Austin. He is a California registered geologist and has worked at the Unocal Fred L. Hartley Research Center since 1985. His research on air sparing behavior involves high-level field investigations coupled with numerical simulation.

Continuous remediation monitoring using sensors is potentially a more effective and inexpensive alternative to current methods of sample collection and analysis. Gaseous components of a system are the most mobile and easiest to monitor. Continuous monitoring of soil gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and contaminant vapors can provide important quantitative information regarding the progress of bioremediation efforts and the area of influence of air sparging or soil venting. Laboratory and field tests of a commercially available oxygen sensor show that the subsurface oxygen sensor provides rapid and accurate data on vapor phase oxygen concentrations. The sensor is well suited for monitoring gas flow and oxygen consumption in the vadose zone during air sparging and bioventing. The sensor performs well in permeable, unsaturated soil environments and recovers completely after being submerged during temporary saturated conditions. Calibrations of the in situ oxygen sensors were found to be stable after one year of continuous subsurface operation. However, application of the sensor in saturated soil conditions is limited. The three major advantages of this sensor for in situ monitoring are as follows: (1) it allows data acquisition at any specified time interval;(2) it provides potentially more accurate data by minimizing disturbance of subsurface conditions;and (3) it minimizes the cost of field and laboratory procedures involved in sample retrieval and analysis.

关键词： Oxygen sensors

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Affordability, logistics R&D and fleet systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第3期108卷 199-213页

作者： Schulte, DP Skolnick, A He has supported the development and operation of several naval systems including advanced component selection for Trident II fire control and navigation systems. He served as branch manager of the Surface Ship ASW Combat System Branch which acted as the acquisition engineering agent for the AN/SQQ-89 Surface Ship Anti-Submarine Warfare Weapon System. He was then selected to manage the Module Engineering Department which provided engineering support to numerous naval systems including the AN/BSY-1 Submarine Combat System and the Trident II fire control and navigation system. He then served as the deputy program manager for NAVSEA Progressive Maintenance (2M/ATE). He holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University and currently is pursuing a Maste's degree in Public Environmental Affairs at Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis. He served at Applied Physics Laboratory/The Johns Hopkins University in missile development then aboard USS Boston (CAG-1) and played leading roles in several weapon system developments (Regulus Terrier Tartar Talos) inertial navigation (Polaris) deep submergence (DSRV) and advanced ship designs (SES). He later was director Combat System Integration Naval Sea Systems Command and head Combat Projects Naval Ship Engineering Center. He led the Navy's High Energy Lasers and Directed Energy Weapons development efforts. He was vice president advanced technology at Operations Research Inc. and vice president maritime engineering at Defense Group Inc. before starting SSC in 1991. Dr. Skolnick holds a B.S. degree in Mathematics and Economics Queens College an M.A. degree in Mathematics and Philosophy Columbia University an M.S. degree in Electrical/Aeronautical Engineering U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics from Polytechnic University in New York. He is the author of many published papers on engineering design issues source selection procedures and large-scale complex technology problems

The Fleet continues to require high performance systems that can operate with dependability in the seas' unforgiving environments and under hostile action. Those demands are not new. What has changed is the urgent priority formerly assigned to national defense issues. The arguments for continued superpower military strength are now roiled in politics along with unsettled budgets and uncertain force level projections. Current expectations revolve about indefinite fiscal and operational issues (difficult funding constraints and broadband threats). In the actual event of ''doing more with less,'' a practical response is to apply the creative power available from sound engineering judgement and the crucible of experience to the immediate needs of the Fleet. The attempt to shorten the path between advanced development effort and Fleet use has been tried occasionally in the past, often, without exemplary results. The Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practices (SHARP) program, is a generic R&D effort under OpNav sponsorship that has been working steadily on sensible solutions to product engineering problems. Armed today with fast-time, large-scale computation abilities and modern tools for technical problem solving coupled with specialized engineering knowledge, it has been refreshed and is underway satisfying existing Fleet needs. The relationship between fully responsive engineering services and current operational needs is always demanding. The connection between advanced engineering development (6.3 category funds) and immediate Fleet usage brings added complexity and challenge, both technical and organizational. Illustrative examples of affordable engineering solutions to ''retain, revise, replace or retire'' questions are presented within the context of both Fleet realities and budgetary limitations. The discussion covers legacy system support, civil/military considerations and Fleet maintenance issues. It describes the substantial and critical payoffs i

关键词： Warships

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Toxicological and chemical evaluation of emissions from carpet samples

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AIHA Journal 1995年第2期56卷 158-170页

作者： Tepper, Jeffrey S Moser, Virginia C Costa, Daniel L Mason, Mark A et al [a] ManTech Environmental Technology Inc. P.O. Box 12313 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 [b] Pulmonary Toxicology Branch Environmental Toxicology Division Health Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711 [c] Indoor Air Branch Pollution Control Division Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711 [d] Acurex Environmental Corp. P.O. Box 13109 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 [e] Office of the Associate Laboratory Director Health Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711

A study investigates findings that the off-gassing of certain carpets caused sensory and pulmonary irritation, changes in neurobehavioral signs, and death in exposed mice. Two standard test method measures - one for estimating sensory irritancy, the other for evaluating the neurotoxic potential of chemicals - are coupled with a postmortem assessment to ascertain the mechanism of toxicity. The postmortem evaluation included measurements of hemoglobin, serum clinical chemistries, blood and lung lavage white cell counts and differential, organ weights, and a gross necropsy with a microscopic evaluation of all major organs. The study evaluates 3 treatment groups composed of 2 preheated carpet emission exposures and one preheated air-control exposure. No toxic effects are associated with exposure to the off-gassing of the 2 tested carpets. Clinical chemistry and histopathological alterations are observed with exposure to either filter-air or carpet when compared to nonexposed unrestrained control mice, indicating that the exposure procedure caused significant effects unrelated to carpet emissions.

关键词： Toxicology Carpet Neurotoxicity

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