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21st IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and distributed Processing with Applications, 13th IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Cloud Computing, 16th IEEE International Conference on Social Computing and Networking and 13th International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Communications, ISPA/BDCloud/SocialCom/SustainCom 2023

作者： Liu, Chunming Alghazzawi, Daniyal M Cheng, Li Liu, Gaoyang Wang, Chen Zeng, Cheng Yang, Yang Hubei University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing System and Security Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence Wuhan China King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329223

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising paradigm that leverages distributed data sources to train machine learning models, thereby offering significant privacy advantages. However, the inherent statistical heterogeneity among clients, characterized by distinct data distributions and varying model performance, poses a substantial challenge. Such heterogeneity adversely affects both the convergence and overall performance of the global model within the FL framework. To address this issue, we introduce a novel FL algorithm, FedVa, which considers both the local data volume and model accuracy to determine client contributions, assigning respective weights. This consideration facilitates greater engagement from key clients during the aggregation process, thereby enhancing their influence on the global model refinement. Experimental results indicate that FedVa surpasses prevailing methods in managing statistical heterogeneity and enhancing global model accuracy, without incurring additional communication costs. Specifically, FedVa achieves a convergence speed 3.9 times faster than FedAvg on the MNIST dataset, and on the CIFAR-10 dataset, it results in a 2.3% increase in final model accuracy compared to FedAvg. Our code is publicly available at https://***/ChunmingLiu23/FedVa. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Study on dimensions of void in GRP rod of composite Insulator 2

Study on dimensions of void in GRP rod of composite Insulato...

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2021 2nd International Conference on Electrical Technology and Automatic Control, ICETAC 2021

作者： Dong, Hongchuan Jiang, Shan Tang, Xuejun Ke, Fangchao Zhang, Sida Liu, Yunfan Economic and Technological Research Institute State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co. Hubei Province Wuhan430000 China State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Tate Grid Hubei Electric Power Co. System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing410044 China

As an important part of composite insulator, glass fiber reinforced polymer (GRP) rod needs to bear the main mechanical and keep certain insulation performance. The void in the material is key factor to the performance of GRP rod. The void with larger size could affect the electric field distribution significantly and lead to the "Lantern-like" heating. In this paper, the structure of void in GRP rod is studied by 3D X-ray microscope. It is found that the void dimensions in the GRP rod is generally less than 300μm, but the interconnection of linear hole makes the length of the void increase significantly. For the GRP rod with high porosity, the length of connection hole is hard to be detected directly by the existing technology, but it could be calculated based on the diameter of the hole. Based on the calculation method, the dimensions of void in GRP rod could be inspected by the observation of section using optical microscope. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fiber reinforced plastics

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An SGX and Blockchain-Based system for Federated Learning in Classifying COVID-19 Images

An SGX and Blockchain-Based System for Federated Learning in...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Cloud Computing (BdCloud)

作者： Sihang Qin Xianjun Gu Xing Jun Haitao Li Mengqi Huang Weiqi Dai Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China State Grid Wuhan Power Supply Company China

Federated learning, an emerging distributed learning framework, has gained prominence recently. However, two challenges arise when applying federated learning to medical data. The first challenge stems from the inability of model-generating nodes to ensure computational fairness. The second challenge involves the potential leakage of private information through gradient differences. This paper introduces a federated learning system that leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and blockchain technology to enhance the fairness and security of federated learning for analyzing chest imaging data. The modeling of imaging factors for chest radiography data can effectively regulate the data quality of semi-trusted nodes. A blockchain smart contract is employed for data quality-aware proof, and the quality-aware block undergoes a two-stage rewriting process across distinct nodes. A notary membership model achieves notarized cluster consensus for imaging informatics data. The multi-channel layer model quantifies the distribution of computational workload across participating nodes within the medical consortium. Upon successful verification of the enclave command in the aggregation cycle, traceable and packaged signatures are generated to support computational fairness. To ensure robust information security, SGX remote authentication is used between downstream and upstream nodes. The federated learning system, built upon SGX and blockchain, has been implemented using the Fabric federated chain platform. The ResNet model underwent training through cross-sectional federated learning to effectively classify novel coronavirus lung medical image data. Following this, multiple experimental control and security analyses were conducted, revealing that the time loss incurred due to crossing channels is approximately 21.31%, while the time overhead of SGX remains within 5.2%, as allowed by the number of nodes.

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Large-scale Network Topology Generation for Emulation Environment

Large-scale Network Topology Generation for Emulation Enviro...

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The First International Conference on Networking and distributed Computing(第一届网络与分布式计算国际会议 ICNDC 2010)

作者： Xu Fei Li Jin Kuang Xiao-hui Huang Min-huan Che Yong-gang National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security Beijing Institute National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security Beijing Institute National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Process National University of Defense Technology

Network emulation environment is great importance to the research of network protocols, applications and security mechanism. Large-scale network topology generation b one of key technologies to construct network emulation environment. In this paper, a new large-scale network topology generation framework called LSNTGF is proposed, which divides the network topology into three hierarchies: AS, router and terminal node. It contains the assignment mechanism to bandwidth of each link and IP address of each node. The framework is evaluate by implementation, and the result illustrate it is efficient to network emulation environment for network protocols and security research.

关键词： Large-scale network topology generation bandwidth assignment IP address assignment

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CUE: Compound Uniform Encoding for Writer Retrieval

CUE: Compound Uniform Encoding for Writer Retrieval

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International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN

作者： Jiakai Luo Hongwei Lu Xin Nie Shenghao Liu Xianjun Deng Chenlu Zhu Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Hubei Chutian Expressway Digital Technology Co. Ltd. China

Writer retrieval is crucial in document forensics and historical document analysis. However, due to the difference in syntactic structure between Chinese and other languages, the existing methods may not be directly applied to Chinese writer retrieval. Previous work on Chinese writer retrieval does not overcome the performance degradation problem when the number of samples grows. In this paper, we propose a novel compound uniform encoding algorithm (CUE) for Chinese writer retrieval, which mainly consists of a combined feature extraction module (CFE) and a prototype substitution module (PS). The CFE module combines two complementary features from image filter response and character contour. It counts local symmetries and edge co-occurrence pairs. PS module substitutes the outliers with the class prototypes to alleviate the influence of the outliers. Finally, the weighted Chi-square distance is applied to measure the similarity between writer and text. To verify the superiority of our proposed method, experiments are conducted on four public datasets and our built dataset. The results validate that CUE outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms on mAP metric.

关键词： Weight measurement Measurement Text analysis Image edge detection Prototypes Syntactics Feature extraction

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You Can Ground Earlier than See: An Effective and Efficient Pipeline for Temporal Sentence Grounding in Compressed Videos

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Fang, Xiang Liu, Daizong Zhou, Pan Nan, Guoshun Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Peking University China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China

Given an untrimmed video, temporal sentence grounding (TSG) aims to locate a target moment semantically according to a sentence query. Although previous respectable works have made decent success, they only focus on high-level visual features extracted from the consecutive decoded frames and fail to handle the compressed videos for query modelling, suffering from insufficient representation capability and significant computational complexity during training and testing. In this paper, we pose a new setting, compressed-domain TSG, which directly utilizes compressed videos rather than fully-decompressed frames as the visual input. To handle the raw video bit-stream input, we propose a novel Three-branch Compressed-domain Spatial-temporal Fusion (TCSF) framework, which extracts and aggregates three kinds of low-level visual features (I-frame, motion vector and residual features) for effective and efficient grounding. Particularly, instead of encoding the whole decoded frames like previous works, we capture the appearance representation by only learning the I-frame feature to reduce delay or latency. Besides, we explore the motion information not only by learning the motion vector feature, but also by exploring the relations of neighboring frames via the residual feature. In this way, a three-branch spatial-temporal attention layer with an adaptive motion-appearance fusion module is further designed to extract and aggregate both appearance and motion information for the final grounding. Experiments on three challenging datasets shows that our TCSF achieves better performance than other state-of-the-art methods with lower complexity. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aggregates

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Comparative Studyon DC Flashover Characteristics of Iced Insulators with Various Test Methods

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高电压技术 2012年第8期38卷 2051-2058页

作者： HU Jianlin LUO Mingwu JIANG Xingliang SUN Caixin ZHANG Zhijin SHU Lichun State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment ~ System Security and New Technology College of Electrical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China Hubei Suizhou Electric Power Supply Company Suizhou 441300 China

In this paper,the DC flashover characteristics of iced insulator strings were explored in the multi-functional artificial climate chamber by four methods,namely,the average flashover voltage method,the minimum flashover voltage method(U-curve method),the maximum withstand method and the 50% withstand *** DC porcelain insulator strings and composite insulators were used as *** results indicate that the average flashover voltage and the minimum flashover voltage obtained by the average flashover voltage method and the minimum flashover voltage method,respectively,obey a normal *** 50% flashover voltage could be gained by the two methods with a minimal test number of nine and were about 8.0%~9.8% and 3.8%~5.9% respectively higher than that gained by the 50% withstand *** justified the feasibility of employing the Ucurve method and the average flashover voltage method to study the flashover characteristics of iced insulators and their affecting factors.

关键词：局部放电射频信号放电量高电压技术

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Stealthy Backdoor Attack Towards Federated Automatic Speaker Verification

Stealthy Backdoor Attack Towards Federated Automatic Speaker...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Longling Zhang Lyqi Liu Dan Meng Jun Wang Shengshan Hu School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security OPPO Research Institute China

Automatic speech verification (ASV) authenticates individuals based on distinct vocal patterns, playing a pivotal role in many applications such as voice-based unlocking systems for devices. The ASV system comprises three stages: training, registration, and validation. The model refines using voice data in training, extracts vocal features in registration, and contrasts these with speech patterns in validation. Modern ASV models, primarily grounded in DNN architectures, require extensive data for training. Federated learning (FL) fosters model-sharing across multiple clients while ensuring data privacy. Due to its open architecture, FL is vulnerable to backdoor attacks. However, training a stealthy backdoor attack in FL presents challenges, including diminished attack generalization owing to data heterogeneity, and conspicuous triggers that render them easily detectable. In this paper, we propose a Federated Stealthy Backdoor Attack method ($FedSBA$). FedSBA aims to improve the attack model’s generalization, enhance its persistence, and elude anomaly detection under the heterogeneous data distribution. FedSBA constructs an attack model based on a personalized transformer and encompasses a stealthy trigger. Moreover, we also propose a defensive strategy that utilizes an adaptive weight aggregation scheme. The stealthiness and effectiveness of FedSBA are demonstrated by exhibiting superior performance in comparison to previous works.

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Rethinking the Video Sampling and Reasoning Strategies for Temporal Sentence Grounding

Rethinking the Video Sampling and Reasoning Strategies for T...

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2022 Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2022

作者： Zhu, Jiahao Liu, Daizong Zhou, Pan Di, Xing Cheng, Yu Yang, Song Xu, Wenzheng Xu, Zichuan Wan, Yao Sun, Lichao Xiong, Zeyu Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China ProtagoLabs Inc Microsoft Research Wangxuan Institute of Computer Technology Peking University China Beijing Institute of Technology China School of Sichuan University China Dalian University of Technology China Lehigh University United States School of Computer Sci. & Tech. Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

Temporal sentence grounding (TSG) aims to identify the temporal boundary of a specific segment from an untrimmed video by a sentence query. All existing works first utilize a sparse sampling strategy to extract a fixed number of video frames and then conduct multimodal interactions with query sentence for reasoning. However, we argue that these methods have overlooked two indispensable issues: 1) Boundary-bias: The annotated target segment generally refers to two specific frames as corresponding start and end timestamps. The video downsampling process may lose these two frames and take the adjacent irrelevant frames as new boundaries. 2) Reasoning-bias: Such incorrect new boundary frames also lead to the reasoning bias during frame-query interaction, reducing the generalization ability of model. To alleviate above limitations, in this paper, we propose a novel Siamese Sampling and Reasoning Network (SSRN) for TSG, which introduces a siamese sampling mechanism to generate additional contextual frames to enrich and refine the new boundaries. Specifically, a reasoning strategy is developed to learn the inter-relationship among these frames and generate soft labels on boundaries for more accurate frame-query reasoning. Such mechanism is also able to supplement the absent consecutive visual semantics to the sampled sparse frames for fine-grained activity understanding. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of SSRN on three challenging datasets. © 2022 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Semantics

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Research and application of Transformer based anomaly detection model: A literature review

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Ma, Mingrui Han, Lansheng Zhou, Chunjie Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China

Transformer, as one of the most advanced neural network models in Natural Language Processing (NLP), exhibits diverse applications in the field of anomaly detection. To inspire research on Transformer-based anomaly detection, this review offers a fresh perspective on the concept of anomaly detection. We explore the current challenges of anomaly detection and provide detailed insights into the operating principles of Transformer and its variants in anomaly detection tasks. Additionally, we delineate various application scenarios for Transformer-based anomaly detection models and discuss the datasets and evaluation metrics employed. Furthermore, this review highlights the key challenges in Transformer-based anomaly detection research and conducts a comprehensive analysis of future research trends in this domain. The review includes an extensive compilation of over 100 core references related to Transformer-based anomaly detection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review that focuses on the research related to Transformer in the context of anomaly detection. We hope that this paper can provide detailed technical information to researchers interested in Transformer-based anomaly detection tasks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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