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基于污点和概率的逃逸恶意软件多路径探索

Security and Safety 2023年第3期2卷 83-106页

作者：徐钫洲张网羌卫中金海 National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Wuhan 430074China Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing LabWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data SecurityWuhan 430074China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Jinyinhu Laboratory Wuhan 430040China

Static analysis is often impeded by malware obfuscation techniques,such as encryption and packing,whereas dynamic analysis tends to be more resistant to obfuscation by leveraging concrete execution ***,malware can employ evasive techniques to detect the analysis environment and alter its behavior *** known evasive techniques can be explicitly dismantled,the challenge lies in generically dismantling evasions without full knowledge of their conditions or implementations,such as logic bombs that rely on uncertain conditions,let alone unsupported evasive techniques,which contain evasions without corresponding dismantling strategies and those leveraging unknown *** this paper,we present Antitoxin,a prototype for automatically exploring evasive *** utilizes multi-path exploration guided by taint analysis and probability calculations to effectively dismantle evasive *** probabilities of branch execution are derived from dynamic coverage,while taint analysis helps identify paths associated with evasive techniques that rely on uncertain ***,Antitoxin prioritizes branches with lower execution probabilities and those influenced by taint analysis for multi-path *** is achieved through forced execution,which forcefully sets the outcomes of branches on selected ***,Antitoxin employs active anti-evasion countermeasures to dismantle known evasive techniques,thereby reducing exploration ***,Antitoxin provides valuable insights into sensitive behaviors,facilitating deeper manual *** experiments on a set of highly evasive samples demonstrate that Antitoxin can effectively dismantle evasive techniques in a generic *** probability calculations guide the multi-path exploration of evasions without requiring prior knowledge of their conditions or implementations,enabling the dismantling of unsupported techniques such as C2 and signific

关键词： Malware analysis dynamic binary instrumentation forced execution taint analysis evasion detection

An Empirical Study of Data Sampling Techniques for Just-in-Time Software Defect Prediction

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SSRN

SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Zhiqiang Du, Qiannan Niu, Jingwen Zhang, Hongyu Jing, Xiao-Yuan School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Xi’an710119 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Xinxiang University Henan Xinxiang453003 China School of Electrical Engineering and Computing The University of Newcastle CallaghanNSW2308 Australia School of Computer Science Wuhan University Hubei Wuhan430072 China School of Computer Science Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Petrochemical Equipment Fault Diagnosis Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Guangdong Maoming525000 China

Predicting whether there are defects in code changes submitted by developers is called just-in-time software defect prediction (JIT-SDP). Unfortunately, JIT-SDP usually suffers from the class imbalance problem, which affects its prediction performance. To overcome this problem, data sampling is one of the commonly-used class imbalance techniques. However, there is a lack of comprehensive empirical study to compare different data sampling techniques on the performance of JIT-SDP. In this paper, we consider both defect classification and defect ranking, two typical application scenarios. We perform an empirical comparison of 10 data sampling algorithms on the performance of JIT-SDP with three widely-used classifiers. Extensive experiments on 10 projects show that: (1) In the scenario of defect classification, sampling techniques can significantly improve the performance of Recall while are unfavorable for the performance of Precision and Pf. (2) In the scenario of defect ranking, sampling techniques can significantly improve the performance of Recall@20% while are unfavorable for the performance of Precision@20% and PCI@20%. Generally, ROM and SMOTE are more stable and effective sampling algorithms across several performance measures for JIT-SDP in both defect classification and defect ranking scenarios. Hence, our study suggests that future JIT-SDP research can use ROM and SMOTE rebalancing defect data. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Defects

Initial successive coefficients for certain classes of univalent functions involving the exponential function

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arXiv 2020年

作者： SHI, LEI WANG, ZHI-GANG SU, REN-LI ARIF, MUHAMMAD School of Mathematics and Statistics Anyang Normal University Anyang Henan455002 China School of Mathematics and Computing Science Hunan First Normal University Changsha Hunan410205 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Changsha University of Science and Technology Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Analysis in Engineering Changsha Hunan410114 China Department of Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan23200 Pakistan

关键词： Exponential functions

Spectral gap of sparse bistochastic matrices with exchangeable rows

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bordenave, Charles Qiu, Yanqi Zhang, Yiwei Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille CNRS Aix-Marseille University 39 Rue Frédéric Joliot Curie Marseille13013 France Institute of Mathematics and Hua Loo-Keng Key Laboratory of Mathematics AMSS Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China CNRS Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse University of Toulouse III School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Mathematical Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology Wuhan430074 China

We consider a random bistochastic matrix of size n of the form MQ where M is a uniformly distributed permutation matrix and Q is a given bistochastic matrix. Under sparsity and regularity assumptions on Q, we prove that the second largest eigenvalue of MQ is essentially bounded by the normalized Hilbert-Schmidt norm of Q when n grows large. We apply this result to random walks on random regular digraphs.60B20, 60C05, 05C80, 05C38 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

Revisiting Token Dropping Strategy in Efficient BERT Pretraining

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhong, Qihuang Ding, Liang Liu, Juhua Liu, Xuebo Zhang, Min Du, Bo Tao, Dacheng National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan University China JD Explore Academy China Research Center for Graphic Communication Printing and Packaging Institute of Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University China Institute of Computing and Intelligence Harbin Institute of Technology China University of Sydney Australia

Token dropping is a recently-proposed strategy to speed up the pretraining of masked language models, such as BERT, by skipping the computation of a subset of the input tokens at several middle layers. It can effectively reduce the training time without degrading much performance on downstream tasks. However, we empirically find that token dropping is prone to a semantic loss problem and falls short in handling semantic-intense tasks (§2). Motivated by this, we propose a simple yet effective semantic-consistent learning method (SCTD) to improve the token dropping. SCTD aims to encourage the model to learn how to preserve the semantic information in the representation space. Extensive experiments on 12 tasks show that, with the help of our SCTD, token dropping can achieve consistent and significant performance gains across all task types and model sizes. More encouragingly, SCTD saves up to 57% of pretraining time and brings up to +1.56% average improvement over the vanilla token dropping. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

See What You Seek: Semantic Contextual Integration for Cloth-Changing Person Re-Identification

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Han, Xiyu Zhong, Xian Huang, Wenxin Jia, Xuemei Liu, Wenxuan Yu, Xiaohan Kot, Alex Chichung Wuhan University of Technology Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park Sanya572025 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Transportation Internet of Things School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei University Wuhan430062 China School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing100091 China School of Computing Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia Rapid-Rich Object Search Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore

Cloth-changing person re-identification (CC-ReID) aims to match individuals across multiple surveillance cameras despite variations in clothing. Existing methods typically focus on mitigating the effects of clothing changes or enhancing ID-relevant features but often struggle to capture complex semantic information. In this paper, we propose a novel prompt learning framework, Semantic Contextual Integration (SCI), for CC-ReID, which leverages the visual-text representation capabilities of CLIP to minimize the impact of clothing changes and enhance ID-relevant features. Specifically, we introduce Semantic Separation Enhancement (SSE) module, which uses dual learnable text tokens to separately capture confounding and clothing-related semantic information, effectively isolating ID-relevant features from distracting clothing semantics. Additionally, we develop a Semantic-Guided Interaction Module (SIM) that uses orthogonalized text features to guide visual representations, sharpening the model’s focus on distinctive ID characteristics. This integration enhances the model’s discriminative power and enriches the visual context with high-dimensional semantic insights. Extensive experiments on three CC-ReID datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques. The code will be released at github. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

Current Status and Future Perspective of Waste Printed Circuit Boards Recycling

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Procedia Environmental sciences 2012年 16卷 590-597页

作者： Xianlai Zeng Lixia Zheng Henghua Xie Bin Lu Kai Xia Kuoming Chao Weidong Li Jianxin Yang Szuyin Lin Jinhui Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China Dongjiang Environmental Company Limited Shenzhen 518057 China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China Faculty of Engineering and Computing Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB UK Institute of Information Management National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

For waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), large quantities of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) are released into environment. In light of their characteristics including complex structures, high metals content and potential hazards, waste PCBs are regarded as the most difficult parts of WEEE to be recycled. Therefore in recent ten years, the issue has attracted much attention from researchers and enterprises. This article reviews the latest processes of waste PCBs developed from laboratories to pilot engineering applications, and presents the most suitable available technology for waste PCBs, typically categorized as manually dismantling and automatic approaches in developing and developed countries, respectively. Towards achieving the better sustainability and recyclability for waste PCBs, nonmetal powder and precious metals should be developed for a deep recovery following mechanical treatment. Additionally, a significant shift is emerging from dismantling for recycling of printed wiring boards, to disassembling for remanufacturing of electronic components, which will indicate that a new paradigm of reclaiming waste PCBs is shaping.

关键词： Printed circuit boards (PCBs) Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) Recycling Best available technology trends

ON COMPUTABILITY OF EQUILIBRIUM STATES

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Binder, Ilia He, Qiandu Li, Zhiqiang Zhang, Yiwei Department of Mathematics University of Toronto Bahen Centre 40 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 2E4 Canada School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Mathematical Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Equilibrium states are natural dynamical analogs of Gibbs states in thermodynamic formalism. This paper is devoted to the study of their computability in the sense of Computable Analysis. We show that the unique equilibrium state associated to a pair of a computable, topologically exact, distance-expanding, open map T: X → X and a computable Hölder continuous potential : X → R is always computable. Furthermore, the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set and the equilibrium state for the geometric potential of a computable hyperbolic rational map are computable. On the other hand, we introduce a mechanism to establish non-uniqueness of equilibrium states. We also present some computable dynamical systems whose equilibrium states are all *** Codes Primary: 03D78, Secondary: 37D35, 37D20, 37F15 Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamical systems

Generation of cat states by a weak parametric drive and a transitionless tracking algorithm

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Physical Review A 2022年第4期106卷 042430-042430页

作者： Shuai Liu Ye-Hong Chen Yu Wang Yi-Hao Kang Zhi-Cheng Shi Jie Song Yan Xia Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics (Fuzhou University) Fuzhou 350116 China Department of Physics Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang 441053 China Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC) 2-1 Hirosawa Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Department of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

In this paper, we present an experimentally feasible protocol to generate the cat states in the microwave resonator coupled to a superconducting qubit. The setup employs a detuned, time-dependent parametric drive to squeeze the resonator mode so that an adjustable qubit-resonator coupling strength can be obtained. Therefore, based on the transitionless tracking algorithm, we can design control pulses to generate the qubit-resonator entangled states with high fidelity in the laboratory frame. Then, the even and odd cat states can be further obtained by performing measurement on the superconducting qubit. Compared to the scheme [Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023602 (2021)], the present protocol is realized in the regime of weak parametric drive. In the case, squeezing-induced noise can be reduced so that the fidelity of the generated state can be improved. Numerical simulations indicate that the present protocol is well executed under experimentally available parameters. Thus, the protocol is feasible with the present state of the art in microwave superconducting circuits.

关键词： Quantum control Quantum information processing Quantum optics