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Using eye-tracking to test and improve website design

2nd International Conference on Design, User Experience, and Usability: Design Philosophy, Methods, and Tools, DUXU 2013, Held as Part of 15th International Conference on human-computer interaction, HCI International 2013

作者： Prisacari, Anna Holme, Thomas Human-Computer Interaction Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642392283

In developing a website, it is essential to test its design. For example, users may look at a certain image or text paragraph without paying attention to what designers may consider being the most essential information or the users may erroneously interpret its design and get confused. If users don't interact with the website as designers anticipate, the design of website becomes dubious. In our eye-tracking study we invited 11 undergraduate students from an introductory chemistry course to test the usability of newly developed website on climate change. The results show that animated features draw more attention regardless of strength of relationship to content. Based on quantitative and qualitative data, we present possible recommendations how to improve the design of the website and how to enhance user's overall experience. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Integration of Cognitive Modeling into the Evaluation of Electronic Health Records

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Proceedings of the International Symposium on human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 2013年第1期2卷 57 - 62页

作者： Leif P. Berg Andrea Mahnke Robert Moritz Human-Computer Interaction Graduate Program Iowa State University Biomedical Informatics Research Center Marshfield Clinic

Previous research has consistently cited the importance of a usable interface in the successful adoption of the electronic health record (EHR). Among the most time intensive EHR activities is computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) a method of creating and modifying orders through an electronic interface. The Marshfield Clinic, a non-profit, regional health care organization in Wisconsin, is in the process of implementing a new CPOE system. As a part of early evaluation, cognitive and behavioral modeling was coupled with formative usability testing to better understand the potential use of a new CPOE design. Participants consisted of 11 medical residents. Results suggest that participants were able to complete the majority of task scenarios in less than 20 seconds per task. Additionally, the integration of a cognitive and behavioral tool provided new evaluation information to help aid in future design efforts.

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Examining the effect of level of stress on firefighters' time-todecision in virtual reality

Examining the effect of level of stress on firefighters' tim...

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57th human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting - 2013, HFES 2013

作者： Keren, Nir Bayouth, Shawn T. Franke, Warren D. Godby, Kevin M. Dept. of Ag. and Bios. Eng. Virtual Reality Application Center Iowa State University United States Dept. of Ag. and Bios. Eng. Iowa State University United States IA Fire Dept. United States Dept. of Kinesiology Virtual Reality Application Center Iowa State University United States Human Computer Interaction Graduate Program Iowa State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780945289432

Highly immersive virtual reality environments were used to examine firefighters' decision making process and choice. We report here the effects of acute occupationally-relevant stress level on time-todecision. When comparing low to high-stress situations, time spent on enhancing situational awareness and overall time-to-decision were significantly longer in the low stress setting. However, time spent on reviewing information that was not embedded in the environment was not statically different. Analysis indicated that stress level did not significantly affect the distribution of final choice. We propose that when stress increases, firefighters sacrifice time available to them to enhance their situational awareness rather than sacrifice information review time;however, stress per se, did not affect their decision choice. Copyright 2013 by human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Inc.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Examining the effect of level of stress on firefighters’ time-to-decision in virtual reality

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Proceedings of the human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 2013年第1期57卷 299 - 303页

作者： Nir Keren Shawn T. Bayouth Warren D. Franke Kevin M. Godby Virtual Reality Application Center and Dept. of Ag. & Bios. Eng. Iowa State University Dept. of Ag. & Bios. Eng. Iowa State University Fire Chief Ames IA Fire Dept. Virtual Reality Application Center and Dept. of Kinesiology Iowa State University Human Computer Interaction Graduate Program Iowa State University

Highly immersive virtual reality environments were used to examine firefighters’ decision making process and choice. We report here the effects of acute occupationally-relevant stress level on time-to-decision. When comparing low to high-stress situations, time spent on enhancing situational awareness and overall time-to-decision were significantly longer in the low stress setting. However, time spent on reviewing information that was not embedded in the environment was not statically different. Analysis indicated that stress level did not significantly affect the distribution of final *** propose that when stress increases, firefighters sacrifice time available to them to enhance their situational awareness rather than sacrifice information review time; however, stress per se, did not affect their decision choice.

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VR JuggLua: A framework for VR applications combining Lua, OpenSceneGraph, and VR Juggler

VR JuggLua: A framework for VR applications combining Lua, O...

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2012 5th Workshop on Software Engineering and Architectures for Realtime Interactive Systems, SEARIS 2012

作者： Pavlik, Ryan A. Vance, Judy M. Human-Computer Interaction Graduate Program Iowa State University United States Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467312493

A gap exists between virtual reality (VR) software platforms designed for optimum hardware abstraction and cluster support, and those designed for efficient content authoring and exploration of interaction techniques through prototyping. This paper describes VR JuggLua, a high-level virtual reality application framework based on combining Lua, a dynamic, interpreted language designed for embedding and extension, with VR Juggler and OpenSceneGraph. This work allows fully-featured immersive applications to be written entirely in Lua, and also supports the embedding of the Lua engine in C++ applications. Like native C++ VR Juggler applications, VR JuggLua-based applications run successfully on systems ranging from a single desktop machine to a 49-node cluster. The osgLua introspection-based bindings facilitate scenegraph manipulation from Lua code, while bindings created using the Luabind template meta-programming library connect VR Juggler functionality. A thread-safe run buffer allows new Lua code to be passed to the interpreter during run time, supporting interactive creation of scene-graph structures. It has been successfully used in an immersive application implementing two different navigation techniques entirely in Lua and a physically-based virtual assembly simulation where C++ code handles physics computations and Lua code handles all display and configuration. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： human computer interaction

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Puzzle assembly training: Real world vs. virtual environment

Puzzle assembly training: Real world vs. virtual environment

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IEEE Annual International Symposium Virtual Reality

作者： Mike Oren Patrick Carlson Stephen Gilbert Judy M. Vance Human Computer Interaction Program Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University Ames IA USA Mechanical Engineering Department and Human Computer Interaction Program Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University Ames IA USA

While training participants to assemble a 3D wooden burr puzzle, we compared results of training in a stereoscopic, head tracked virtual assembly environment utilizing haptic devices and data gloves with real world training. While virtual training took participants about three times longer, the group that used the virtual environment was able to assemble the physical test puzzle about three times faster than the group trained with the physical puzzle. We present several possible cognitive explanations for these results and our plans for future exploration of the factors that improve the effectiveness of virtual process training over real world experience.

关键词： Training Assembly Virtual environments Haptic interfaces Testing Virtual groups

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VR JuggLua: A framework for VR applications combining Lua, OpenSceneGraph, and VR Juggler

VR JuggLua: A framework for VR applications combining Lua, O...

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Workshop on Software Engineering and Architectures for Realtime Interactive Systems (SEARIS)

作者： Ryan A. Pavlik Judy M. Vance Human-Computer Interaction Graduate Program Iowa State University USA Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University USA

关键词： Virtual reality Libraries Kernel Transforms Syntactics Solid modeling

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Extracts cognitive artifacts from text through combining human and machine learning in an iterative fashion

Extracts cognitive artifacts from text through combining hum...

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14th International Conference on human-computer interaction, HCI International 2011

作者： Kirk, Ryan Iowa State University Human-Computer Interaction Program 1620 Howe Hall Ames IA 50010 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642220975

The world network of information is complex and not always organized in a structure useful for human understanding. This paper investigates the need and methods for creating an artificial system that categorizing information similar to the way humans categorize. The system will use Bayesian modeling to model text sentiment. The categorization of text sentiment will be done both by machines and by humans. The hypothesis is that the resultant system will not differ significantly from the accuracy of a control group of human categorizers. This represents a non-standard approach to learning that involves the human and the machine in an iterative learning process. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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Reducing uncertainty in a human-centered design approach: Using actor-network theory analysis to establish fluid design guidelines

Reducing uncertainty in a human-centered design approach: Us...

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14th International Conference on human-computer interaction, HCI International 2011

作者： Kirk, Ryan Prisacari, Anna Iowa State University Human-Computer Interaction Program 1620 Howe Hall Ames IA 50010 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642220975

When designing, it can be difficult to keep track of all of the complex and varying relationships that exist. This paper is intended to persuade designers to consider using Actor-Network Theory (ANT) in order to gain insights about the existence and the nature of complex relationships occurring within a usage scenario. ANT allows for the creation of network maps that may offer insights about future interactions that are useful for gauging the appropriateness of a particular technological intervention. Guidelines are offered for using ANT for design. Future work is being done to further establish and validate methodologies for creating ANT network maps. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Complex networks

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Can temporal representation and reasoning make a difference in automated legal reasoning? Lessons from an AI-based ethical reasoner 11

Can temporal representation and reasoning make a difference ...

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Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law

作者： McLaren, Bruce M. Ashley, Kevin D. Carnegie Mellon University Human-Computer Interaction Institute Pittsburgh PA United States University of Pittsburgh Intelligent Systems Program Pittsburgh PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450307550

Given a renewed interest in the field of AI and Law in more complex factual representations of legal cases in terms of narratives, techniques for representing and reasoning about temporal orderings of facts will become increasingly important. The SIROCCO (System for Intelligent Retrieval of Operationalized Cases and COdes) program employed a representation for the temporal ordering of events in ethics cases in a way that informed determinations of whether and how ethical norms were violated and if the problem and other cases were normatively analogous at a deeper level. At the same time, the program supported ordinary case enterers in translating the facts of textually described cases into a machine-processable representation. This paper presents these previously unpublished aspects of the work including a report of an empirical evaluation of the contribution of the temporal representation to the program's success in retrieving relevant norms and cases. Although the results were negative, a consideration of the reasons why is illuminating. While SIROCCO dealt with engineering ethics cases, it is clear that similar temporal considerations apply in legal cases and that the approach is likely to be useful in legal narrative representations. © 2011 ACM.

关键词： Philosophical aspects

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