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2005 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2005 - Workshops

作者： Li, Dongheng Winfield, David Parkhurst, Derrick J. Human Computer Interaction Program Iowa State University AmesIA50010 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769526608

Knowing the user's point of gaze has significant potential to enhance current human-computer interfaces, given that eye movements can be used as an indicator of the attentional state of a user. The primary obstacle of integrating eye movements into today's interfaces is the availability of a reliable, low-cost open-source eye-tracking system. Towards making such a system available to interface designers, we have developed a hybrid eye-tracking algorithm that integrates feature-based and model-based approaches and made it available in an open-source package. We refer to this algorithm as "starburst" because of the novel way in which pupil features are detected. This starburst algorithm is more accurate than pure feature-based approaches yet is significantly less time consuming than pure model-based approaches. The current implementation is tailored to tracking eye movements in infrared video obtained from an inexpensive head-mounted eye-tracking system. A validation study was conducted and showed that the technique can reliably estimate eye position with an accuracy of approximately one degree of visual angle. © 2005 IEEE computer Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Helping law students to understand US Supreme Court oral arguments: A planned experiment 05

Helping law students to understand US Supreme Court oral arg...

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10th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, ICAIL 2005

作者： Aleven, Vincent Ashley, Kevin D. Lynch, Collin Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Intelligent Systems Program School of Law University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595930817

The transcripts of oral arguments before the US Supreme Court provide interesting opportunities from the viewpoint of legal education. As the pinnacle of legal argumentation, they illustrate, often in dramatic fashion, a sophisticated process of concept formation and testing driven by skillful posing of hypotheticals. Yet it is not easy to get beginning law students to understand the arguments and the underlying processes of hypothesis formation and testing. We introduce a novel project with the dual aims of developing an AI model of concept formation and testing as well as an intelligent tutoring system for beginning law students. We describe a planned experiment in which we will evaluate to what extent law students' study of the Supreme Court oral arguments can be improved by providing detailed and specific self-explanation prompts. It is hypothesized that detailed prompts to explain connections between tests, rationales, dimensions, and hypotheticals will help students to induce adequate mental models of concept formation processes. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Students

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Context awareness perspectives for mobile personal media

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2005年第4期22卷 43-55页

作者： Aaltonen, A Huuskonen, P Lehikoinen, J Works as a research program manager in Nokia Research Center. His current research focuses on mobile user interface concept and design as well as information visualization. Principal scientist with Nokia Research Center. Dr. Huuskonen's research interests include context awareness ubiquitous computing and knowledge-based systems. Acts as a principal scientist in Nokia Research Center. Dr. Lehikoinen's current research interests include human– computer interaction especially from the interaction and collaboration point of view and mobile augmented reality.

This article reviews the ongoing evolution of context awareness technologies in mobile devices using personal media as an illustrative application domain. Augmented with metadata, files containing personal media can include significant information about the contexts they describe. The article discusses personal media applications from two different perspectives: (1) through an example that describes the use of context data in a personal media diary application, and (2) with a classification of context architectures that includes three classes of context-aware mobile systems (inbound, shared, and network assisted). These systems are classified on the basis of such factors as their architecture, data flow types, privacy, and interoperability requirements. The article concludes by discussing implications for research and practice.

关键词： ARCHITECTURE Mobile devices Mobile Context awareness Metadata

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Virtual Probe Microscope

Virtual Probe Microscope

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2005 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show - NSTI Nanotech 2005

作者： Heying, M. Oliver, J. Sundararajan, S. Shrotyria, P. Zou, Q. Sannier, A. Human Computer Interaction Program 1620 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Mechanical Engineering Department 2025 H. M. Black Engineering Building Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0976798514

Virtual Probe Microscope (VPM) is a tool that has been developed to train users on Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) operation. The benefits from training with VPM include: reduced cost of training and increased transfer of training. The graphical user interface of VPM is laid out similar to common commercial AFM software packages. Along with standard AFM controls, users are given an additional graphical 3D window to view the probe traversing across a surface. Users are also allowed to manipulate probe geometry variable to increase understanding of AFM operation. VPM will be used in a graduate level scanning probe microscopy class in the spring of 2005 at Iowa State University to supplement traditional lab and classroom instruction.

关键词： Microscopic examination

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Sequestering size: The role of allometry and gender in digital human modeling

Sequestering size: The role of allometry and gender in digit...

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Digital human Modeling for Design and Engineering Symposium

作者： Cerney, Melinda M. Adams, Dean C. Virtual Reality Applications Center and Adams Morphometrics Lab Program in Human Computer Interaction Iowa State University United States Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology and Department of Statistics Iowa State University United States

Biologists are aware that sexual dimorphism can result from size differences, shape differences, and differences in the relationship between the two (allometry), but the digital human modeling community has not fully incorporated this knowledge into their design procedures. Using landmark-based geometric morpho-metric methods and data from the CAESAR survey, we demonstrate that sexual dimorphism between adult males and females is the result of size, shape, and allometry differences between the sexes. human sexual dimorphism is therefore far more complicated than is represented by standard design procedures, implying that using extreme percentile humans in design confounds male and female allometric differences, and will likely not accommodate all individuals. Copyright © 2004 SAE International.

关键词： Biology

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"Inviteful" engineering: Student perceptions of industrial engineering

"Inviteful" engineering: Student perceptions of industrial e...

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ASEE 2004 Annual Conference and Exposition, "Engineering Researchs New Heights"

作者： Trytten, Deborah A. Shehab, Randa L. Rhoads, Teri Reed Fleener, M. Jayne Harris, Betty J. Reynolds, Anne Walden, Susan E. Moore-Furneaux, Sandra Kay Kvach, Elizabeth Warram, Kim R. Murphy, Teri J. University of Oklahoma School of Computer Science University of Oklahoma Department of Industrial Engineering Human Technology Interaction Center University of Oklahoma College of Engineering School of Industrial Engineering University of Oklahoma Graduate Studies and Research College of Education Women's Studies Program Department of Anthropology University of Oklahoma Dept. of Instructional Leadership University of Oklahoma Res. Institute for STEM Education University of Oklahoma Department of Communication University of Oklahoma Department of Mathematics University of Oklahoma

Interviews of twenty-six Industrial Engineering students and graduates were conducted during the first year of a three year study of the unexpected attainment of gender parity in the School of Industrial Engineering at the University of Oklahoma (OU). An analysis of the pattern of participant responses gives insight into industrial engineering (IE) student perceptions of IE. The perceptions were grouped into three broad themes: Career Profile, Discipline Profile, and Discipline Meta-Profile. The Career Profile includes the availability of multiple career paths and flexible careers in this discipline in addition to the potential for the attainment of status through entry into management. People-oriented, broad, and systems-oriented are terms that were used to describe the Discipline Profile. Discipline Meta-Profile is used to describe the participant's perception of other people's perceptions of industrial engineering (i.e. what IE students think other people think). These participants felt that other engineers think of IE as easy, or "imaginary" engineering. The participants also thought that the discipline is invisible, even to other engineers. While the meta-perception of IE might seem to be problematic for the discipline, many of the participants reject the meta-perception. Some participants recognized that IE's focus on people and systems is simply different than other engineering disciplines, not necessarily easier. Other participants felt the potential to enter into management outweighed the discipline meta-perception. One student summarized the response particularly well when he noted that IE is "inviteful" engineering.

关键词： Engineering education

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Evaluating a multimedia authoring tool

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Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 1998年第11期48卷

作者： Bonnie E. John Matthew M. Mashyna Human-Computer Interaction Institute and the Departments of Computer Science and Psychology Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 Software Engineering Program and Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213

We present a detailed case study of a computer scientist learning and using the Cognitive Walkthrough (CW) technique to assess a multimedia authoring tool. We then compare the predictions produced by the analysis to the usability problems actually found in empirical usability tests. In this case, the concepts of Cognitive Walkthrough were learnable by the analyst who had little prior training in psychology or human-computer interaction, flexible enough for the analyst to make reasonable modifications to the technique to fit the design situation, but disappointingly ineffective in predicting actual user problems. We present several hypotheses about the cause of low effectiveness, which suggest that additional knowledge, currently tacit in CW-experts, could be used to improve the technique. In addition, the emergent picture of the process this evaluator went through to produce his analysis sets realistic expectations for other novice analysts who contemplate learning and using Cognitive Walkthroughs. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Bringing treasures to the surface: iterative design for the Library of Congress National Digital Library program 97

Bringing treasures to the surface: iterative design for the ...

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Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on human factors in computing systems

作者： Catherine Plaisant Gary Marchionini Tom Bruns Anita Komlodi Laura Campbell Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory and Digital Library Research Group University of Maryland College Park MD Library of Congress National Digital Library Program Washington DC

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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, DE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： human engineering

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