We propose a tracking adaptation to recover from early tracking errors in sign languagerecognition by optimizing the obtained tracking paths w.r.t. the hypothesized word sequences of an automatic sign language recogn...
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We propose a tracking adaptation to recover from early tracking errors in sign languagerecognition by optimizing the obtained tracking paths w.r.t. the hypothesized word sequences of an automatic sign languagerecognition system. Hand or head tracking is usually only optimized according to a tracking criterion. As a consequence, methods which depend on accurate detection and tracking of body parts lead to recognition errors in gesture and sign language processing. Similar to speaker dependent feature adaptation methods in automatic speech recognition, we propose an automatic visual alignment of signers for vision-based sign languagerecognition. Furthermore, the generation of additional virtual training samples is proposed to reduce the lack of data problem in sign language processing, which often leads to "one-shot" trained models. Most state-of-the- art systems are speaker dependent, and consider tracking as a preprocessing feature extraction part. Experiments on a publicly available benchmark database show that the proposed methods strongly improve the recognition accuracy of the system.
作者:
Wallden, MattOften a fad may be described
perhaps falsely as a paradigm shift. In the rehabilitation and prevention section of the previous issue of JBMT Lederman (2010) challenged what many would consider a paradigm shift that has occurred over the last decade or more as a result of the focus by many bodywork and movement therapists on “core stability”.
What Lederman's (2010) article highlighted was the fact that bodyworkers and movement educators have a number of tools in their tool-kit and an important skill involves the ability to grow with the knowledge base and not to succumb to trends as “panaceas” nor to become too dogmatic regarding beliefs. This is easier said than done
of course. Nevertheless if such advances can be seen as emergent tools which may at some point become usurped by other more current techniques this may be judged an appropriate evolution. Equally it is important to not become dogmatic in the way the tools used by others are judged too narrow a focus usually results in collisions with unforeseen peripheral concepts and rationale.
One rationale Lederman has previously used was to ask how the human body should function by looking for an evolutionary advantage (Lederman
2000). Clearly there is rarely a time when a primal human being would be found doing a prone transversus abdominis activation exercise with a biofeedback cuff! Nevertheless there may be rationale to explain how human physiology could embrace “core stability” and other methods as part of a primal environment (see Textbox 1).
Textbox 1: The Survival Reflex (taken from Wallden (2008) Rehabilitation and re-education (movement) approaches in Chaitow (Ed) Naturopathic Physical Medicine. Elsevier)
(Chek 2000) and (Chek 2004) has described what he terms a survival reflex where the body will reflexively recruit all muscles it can to avoid an actual or a perceived catastrophic event. Certainly these observations seem to have good founding both in the clinical environment and in the neurophysiological literature. For examp
Often a fad may be described, perhaps falsely, as a paradigm shift. In the rehabilitation and prevention section of the previous issue of JBMT, Lederman (2010-challenged what many would consider a paradigm shift that ...
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Often a fad may be described, perhaps falsely, as a paradigm shift. In the rehabilitation and prevention section of the previous issue of JBMT, Lederman (2010-challenged what many would consider a paradigm shift that has occurred over the last decade or more as a result of the focus by many bodywork and movement therapists on \"core stability\".What Lederman\'s (2010) article highlighted was the fact that, bodyworkers and movement educators have a number of tools in their tool-kit, and an important skill involves the ability to grow with the knowledge base, and not to succumb to trends as \"panaceas\"; nor to become too dogmatic regarding beliefs. This is easier said than done, of course. Nevertheless, if such advances can be seen as emergent tools, which may, at some point, become usurped by other more current techniques, this may be judged an appropriate evolution. Equally, it is important to not become dogmatic in the way the tools used by others are judged; too narrow a focus usually results in collisions with unforeseen peripheral concepts and rationale.
We present the methods we applied in the four different tasks of the ImageCLEF 2007 content-based image retrieval evaluation. We participated in all four tasks using a variety of methods. Global and local image descri...
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We present the methods we applied in the four different tasks of the ImageCLEF 2007 content-based image retrieval evaluation. We participated in all four tasks using a variety of methods. Global and local image descriptors are applied using nearest neighbour search for the medical and photo retrieval tasks and discriminative models for the object retrieval and the medical automatic annotation task. For the photo and medical retrieval task, we apply a maximum entropy training method to learn an optimal feature weighting from the queries and qrels from last year. This method works particularly well if the queries are very similar as they were in the medical retrieval task.
Inspired by previous chunk-level reordering approaches to statistical machine translation, this paper presents two methods to improve the reordering at the chunk level. By introducing a new lattice weighting factor an...
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This paper describes an efficient method to extract large n-best lists from a word graph produced by a statistical machine translation system. The extraction is based on the k shortest paths algorithm which is efficie...
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In phrase-based statistical machine translation, the phrase-table requires a large amount of memory. We will present an efficient representation with two key properties: on-demand loading and a prefix tree structure f...
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The RWTH system for the IWSLT 2007 evaluation is a combination of several statistical machine translation systems. The combination includes Phrase-Based models, a n-gram translation model and a hierarchical phrase mod...
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We present a Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoder for statistical machine translation. The approach aims to minimize the expected loss of translation errors with regard to the BLEU score. We show that MBR decoding on N-be...
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In this paper, we describe a source-side reordering method based on syntactic chunks for phrase-based statistical machine translation. First, we shallow parse the source language sentences. Then, reordering rules are ...
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This paper describes the RWTH speech recognition system for Arabic. Several design aspects of the system, including cross-adaptation, multiple system design and combination, are analyzed. We summarize the semi-automat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424413690;1424413699
This paper describes the RWTH speech recognition system for Arabic. Several design aspects of the system, including cross-adaptation, multiple system design and combination, are analyzed. We summarize the semi-automatic lexicon generation for Arabic using a statistical approach to grapheme-to-phoneme conversion and pronunciation statistics. Furthermore, a novel ASR-based audio segmentation algorithm is presented. Finally, we discuss practical approaches for parallelized acoustic training and memory efficient lattice rescoring. Systematic results are reported on recent GALE evaluation corpora.
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