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12th Nordic Conference on human-computer interaction: Participative Computing for Sustainable Futures, NordiCHI 2022

作者： Hansen, Kim Laranang Jensen, Ulrik Stoch Johansson, Sune Porsmose Papachristos, Eleftherios Skov, Mikael B. Vertegaal, Roel Merritt, Timothy Dept. of Computer Science Human-Centered Computing Aalborg University Denmark Norway Department of Computer Science Aalborg University Denmark Human Media Lab Queen's University Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450396998

Static tactile paving provides haptic cues to pedestrians through physical bumps in the form of raised dots and stripes, which are felt through the shoes indicating sidewalk orientation and intersections. FeetBack is a new form of active tactile paving that changes shape to direct people in public spaces. First, we present a qualitative study that guided the hardware development, design of actuation patterns, and identified the most recognizable patterns. Secondly, we conducted a quantitative study to measure the response time to directional haptic cues. All participants could easily recognize and respond to directional haptic cues in under one second, while directional responses added 150ms on average. We also tested whether similar results can be observed when participants' attention is divided while performing a reading task, however, we did not find any significant effect of this cognitive load on response time. We discuss the results in relation to other modalities and provide interaction scenarios and future research directions for active tactile paving and floor-based feedback. © 2022 Owner/Author.

关键词： Floors

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The Legal Argument Reasoning Task in Civil Procedure 4

The Legal Argument Reasoning Task in Civil Procedure

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4th Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop, NLLP 2022, co-located with the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2022

作者： Bongard, Leonard Held, Lena Habernal, Ivan Trustworthy Human Language Technologies Department of Computer Science Technical University of Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781959429180

We present a new NLP task and dataset from the domain of the U.S. civil procedure. Each instance of the dataset consists of a general introduction to the case, a particular question, and a possible solution argument, accompanied by a detailed analysis of why the argument applies in that case. Since the dataset is based on a book aimed at law students, we believe that it represents a truly complex task for benchmarking modern legal language models. Our baseline evaluation shows that fine-tuning a legal transformer provides some advantage over random baseline models, but our analysis reveals that the actual ability to infer legal arguments remains a challenging open research question. © 2022 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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Ruffle&Riley: Towards the Automated Induction of Conversational Tutoring Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Schmucker, Robin Xia, Meng Azaria, Amos Mitchell, Tom Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Computer Science Ariel University

Conversational tutoring systems (CTSs) offer learning experiences driven by natural language interaction. They are known to promote high levels of cognitive engagement and benefit learning outcomes, particularly in reasoning tasks. Nonetheless, the time and cost required to author CTS content is a major obstacle to widespread adoption. In this paper, we introduce a novel type of CTS that leverages the recent advances in large language models (LLMs) in two ways: First, the system induces a tutoring script automatically from a lesson text. Second, the system automates the script orchestration via two LLM-based agents (Ruffle&Riley) with the roles of a student and a professor in a learning-by-teaching format. The system allows a free-form conversation that follows the ITS-typical inner and outer loop structure. In an initial between-subject online user study (N = 100) comparing Ruffle&Riley to simpler QA chatbots and reading activity, we found no significant differences in post-test scores. Nonetheless, in the learning experience survey, Ruffle&Riley users expressed higher ratings of understanding and remembering and further perceived the offered support as more helpful and the conversation as coherent. Our study provides insights for a new generation of scalable CTS technologies. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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In the Moment of Glitch: Engaging with Misalignments in Ethical Practice 25

In the Moment of Glitch: Engaging with Misalignments in Ethi...

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2025 CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2025

作者： Garrett, Rachael Hawkins, Kat Brundell, Patrick Castle-Green, Simon Tennent, Paul Zhou, Feng Lampinen, Airi Höök, Kristina Benford, Steve Media Technology and Interaction Design Kth Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Centre for Dance Research Coventry University Coventry United Kingdom Mixed Reality Lab School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Computer Science University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Computer Science / Mixed Reality Lab The University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713941

Glitches - moments when technologies do not work as desired - will become increasingly common as industrially-designed robots move into complex contexts. Taking glitches to be potential sites of critical ethical reflection, we examine a glitch that occurred in the context of a collaborative research project where professional dancers with different disabilities improvised with a robotic arm. Through a first-person account, we analyse how the dancer, the robot, and the rest of the research team enacted ethics in the moment of glitch. Through this analysis, we discovered a deep and implicit ethical misalignment wherein our enactments of ethics in response to the glitch did not align with the values of the project. This prompted a critical re-engagement with our research process through which we forged a dialogue between different ethical perspectives that acted as an invitation to bring us back into ethical alignment with the project's values. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Industrial robots

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Friction in Processual Ethics: Reconfiguring Ethical Relations in Interdisciplinary Research 25

Friction in Processual Ethics: Reconfiguring Ethical Relatio...

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2025 CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2025

作者： Garrett, Rachael Brundell, Patrick Castle-Green, Simon Hawkins, Kat Tennent, Paul Zhou, Feng Lampinen, Airi Höök, Kristina Benford, Steve Media Technology and Interaction Design KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Mixed Reality Lab School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Computer Science University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Centre for Dance Research Coventry University Coventry United Kingdom Computer Science Mixed Reality Lab University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713941

Friction - disagreement and breakdown - is an omnipresent aspect of conducting interdisciplinary research yet is rarely presented in formal research reporting. We analyse a performance-led research process where professional dancers with different disabilities explored how to improvise with an industrial robot, with the support of an interdisciplinary team of human-computer and human-robot interaction researchers. We focus on one site of friction in our research process;how to dance - safely - with robots? By presenting our research process, we exemplify the different ways in which we encountered this friction and how we reconfigured the research process around it. We contribute five ways in which we arrived at a generative ethical outcome, which may be helpful in productively engaging with friction in interdisciplinary collaboration. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Industrial robots

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Real-Time Imitation of human Head Motions, Blinks and Emotions by Nao Robot: A Closed-Loop Approach 11

Real-Time Imitation of Human Head Motions, Blinks and Emotio...

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11th RSI International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics, ICRoM 2023

作者： Rayati, Keyhan Feizi, Amirhossein Beigy, Alireza Shahverdi, Pourya Masouleh, Mehdi Tale Kalhor, Ahmad Louie, Wing-Yue Geoffrey University of Tehran Human and Robot Interaction Lab Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran Shahrood University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Shahrood Iran Oakland University Intelligent Robotics Laboratory Michigan United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308105

This paper introduces a novel approach for enabling real-time imitation of human head motion by a Nao robot, with a primary focus on elevating human-robot interactions. By using the robust capabilities of the MediaPipe as a computer vision library and the DeepFace as an emotion recognition library, this research endeavors to capture the subtleties of human head motion, including blink actions and emotional expressions, and seamlessly incorporate these indicators into the robot's responses. The result is a comprehensive framework which facilitates precise head imitation within human-robot interactions, utilizing a closed-loop approach that involves gathering real-time feedback from the robot's imitation performance. This feedback loop ensures a high degree of accuracy in modeling head motion, as evidenced by an impressive R2 score of 96.3 for pitch and 98.9 for yaw. Notably, the proposed approach holds promise in improving communication for children with autism, offering them a valuable tool for more effective interaction. In essence, proposed work explores the integration of real-time head imitation and real-time emotion recognition to enhance human-robot interactions, with potential benefits for individuals with unique communication needs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Designerly Ways of Knowing – Soma Design Meets Industrial Design Thinking 24

Designerly Ways of Knowing – Soma Design Meets Industrial D...

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2024 Halfway to the Future Symposium, HttF 2024

作者： Borg, Alice Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia Karlsson, Anna Höök, Kristina AFRY Experience Studios Stockholm Sweden Department of Informatics Umeå University Department of Computer Science and Media Technology Malmö University Sweden It’s Already Tomorrow Stockholm Sweden Media Technology and Interaction Design KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710421

Soma design processes are known to be slow and thoughtful, demanding personal engagement, authenticity and deep somatic engagements with both ourselves and the interactive materials. What happens when such designerly ways of knowing meet with industrial design thinking? Together with IKEA – a large furniture manufacturer – we collaborated to design for better sleep. Based on years of experience and prior somatic knowledge of designing for body awareness, the academic team staged a progression of somatic experiences for a joint one-day workshop. We contribute to interaction design epistemology by uncovering frictions and alignments between two designerly ways of knowing with distinct identities and values. In particular, we critically reflect on how to approach material choices, somatic cultivation and the notion of solutionism. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Furniture manufacture

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The Impact of Stance Object Type on the Quality of Stance Detection 30

The Impact of Stance Object Type on the Quality of Stance De...

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Weinzierl, Maxwell A. Harabagiu, Sanda M. Human Language Technology Research Institute Department of Computer Science The University of Texas at Dallas 800 W. Campbell Rd. RichardsonTX75080 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

Stance as an expression of an author's standpoint and as a means of communication has long been studied by computational linguists. Automatically identifying the stance of a subject toward an object is an active area of research in natural language processing. Significant work has employed topics and claims as the object of stance, with frames of communication becoming more recently considered as alternative objects of stance. However, little attention has been paid to finding what are the benefits and what are the drawbacks when inferring the stance of a text towards different possible stance objects. In this paper we seek to answer this question by analyzing the implied knowledge and the judgments required when deciding the stance of a text towards each stance object type. Our analysis informed experiments with models capable of inferring the stance of a text towards any of the stance object types considered, namely topics, claims, and frames of communication. Experiments clearly indicate that it is best to infer the stance of a text towards a frame of communication, rather than a claim or a topic. It is also better to infer the stance of a text towards a claim rather than a topic. Therefore we advocate that rather than continuing efforts to annotate the stance of texts towards topics, it is better to use those efforts to produce annotations towards frames of communication. These efforts will allow us to better capture the stance towards claims and topics as well. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： Social networking (online)

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Critically Examining the Broader Implications of Methodological Design in Cross-Cultural, Multi-sited Case Studies of Engineering Ethics Education [Work in Progress]

Critically Examining the Broader Implications of Methodologi...

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2023 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition - The Harbor of Engineering: Education for 130 Years, ASEE 2023

作者： Clancy, Rockwell Franklin Zhu, Qin Streiner, Scott Thorpe, Ryan The Department of Humanities Arts and Social Sciences The Colorado School of Mines The Department of Values Technology and Innovation Delft University of Technology Netherlands The Department of Engineering Education and Affiliate Faculty The Department of Science Technology & Society The Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech United States School of Engineering the University of Pittsburgh United States

Ethics has long been recognized as crucial to responsible engineering, but the increasingly globalized environments present challenges to effective engineering ethics training. This paper is part of a larger research project that aims to examine the effects of culture and education on ethics training in undergraduate engineering students at universities in the United States, China, and the Netherlands. We are interested in how students’ curricular and extra-curricular (e.g., internships, service projects) experiences and training impact their ethical reasoning and moral dispositions, and how this differs cross-culturally. To understand this, we are conducting mixed methods research longitudinally over four years to engineering students at our participating universities to gauge their moral dispositions and ethical reasoning skills and to measure any change in these. This work-in-progress paper, however, is not about the direct outcomes of this research project. Rather, it critically examines our own practices and methods in doing this research. We begin the paper by briefly introducing the larger research project and motivating the use of comparative, multi-institutional case studies as necessary for contextualizing, complementing, and interpreting quantitative data on ethical reasoning and moral dispositions. Because the conditions related to engineering ethics education differ widely per participating institution for institutional (and also likely cultural) reasons, interpreting and analyzing quantitative survey data will require understanding contextual conditions of education at each institution. Comparative case studies can supply missing contextual information to provide a more complete picture of the engineering ethics educational contexts, strategies, and practices at each of the participating universities. However, in considering how to design and conduct these case studies, we realized we were operating under certain assumptions such as ethics in engineeri

关键词： Students

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Transcriptomic Study of Neural Regulation in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex of Depressive Mice with Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound 46

Transcriptomic Study of Neural Regulation in the Medial Pref...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Cai, Qiuquan Meng, Lianghui Wang, Ling Ren, Jing Yang, Jiajia Ming, Dong Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Brain-Computer Interaction and Human-Machine Fusion Haihe Laboratory Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Exploring new effective treatments for depression holds important social significance and clinical value. Low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (LIFUS) has been proven to have significant neuroprotective effects on depression. However, the specific genes regulated by LIFUS in depressive mice remain unclear. We established a depression mice model using chronic restraint stress (CRS) and applied LIFUS to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) following CRS. We explored the impact of modeling and treatment on gene expression changes through transcriptomics, revealing that the therapeutic effect of LIFUS may be associated with the improvement of the activity of calcium signaling pathway and synaptic plasticity. The study provides preclinical evidence and a theoretical basis for applying LIFUS for depression treatment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Mammals

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