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8th International Conference on Virtual Reality, ICVR 2022

作者： Pan, Zhipeng Miao, Jinda Cai, Ning Luo, Tianren Zhang, Mingmin Pan, Zhigeng Research Institute of Virtual Reality and Intelligent Systems Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou China Zhejiang University College of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Computer Science and Beijing Key Lab of Human-Computer Interaction Beijing China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781665479110

ISBN: (纸本)9781665479110

Augmented reality technology has been widely used in experimental education. Augmented reality provides virtual-real integration, real-Time interaction and three-dimensional immersion, which provides a new development direction for simulating the teaching environment and promoting learning interaction. We have developed an MR experiment of diluting concentrated sulfuric acid, which helps students learn experimental manipulations and scientific concepts before conducting real chemical experiments. Virtual experiments can avoid the risks of real chemical experiments and reduce the waste of chemical materials. At the same time, we correctly render the occlusion relationship between the hand, the beaker and the virtual liquid, providing a realistic experimental effect. The tracking of multiple cameras allows students to interact more naturally. We compared the availability and students' attitudes of three virtual experiments about diluting concentrated sulfuric acid. The results show that the usability of the MR experimental system reaches the level of user satisfaction. The realistic visual effects and natural interaction method of the MR experiment have been recognized by the students. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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A Toolbox of Feminist Wonder: Theories and methods that can make a difference 26

A Toolbox of Feminist Wonder: Theories and methods that can ...

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26th ACM Conference on computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, CSCW 2023

作者： Hansson, Karin Bardzell, Shaowen Bhandari, Aparajita Boulicault, Marion Doyle, Dylan Thomas Erete, Sheena Cerratto Pargman, Teresa Lazem, Shaimaa Muller, Michael Normark, Maria Petterson, Adrian Rosén, Anton Poikolainen Taylor, Alex S. Thomas, Jakita O. Watson, Julia Södertörn University The School of Natural Sciences Technology and Environmental Studies Sweden Georgia Institute of Technology The School of Interactive Computing United States Cornell University Department of Communication United States University of Edinburgh Department of Philosophy United States University of Colorado Boulder Department of Information Science United States University of Maryland College of Information United States Stockholm University The Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Sweden City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications The Informatics Research Institute Egypt Ibm Research Human Centered Ai United States Uppsala University Department of Informatics and Media Sweden University of Toronto Faculty of Information Canada Aalto University The School of Arts Design and Architecture Finland City University of London The Centre for Human Computer Interaction Design United Kingdom Auburn University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United States University of Toronto Department of Computer Science Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701290

This one-day hybrid workshop builds on previous feminist CSCW workshops to explore feminist theoretical and methodological approaches that have provided us with useful tools to see things differently and make space for change. Since its inception over a decade ago, feminist HCI has progressed from the margins to mainstream HCI, with numerous references in the literature. Feminist HCI has also evolved to incorporate other critical HCI practices such as Queer HCI, participatory design, and speculative design. While feminist approaches have grown in popularity and become mainstream, it is getting more difficult to distinguish the feminist emancipatory core from other attempts of developing and improving society in various ways. In this workshop, we therefore want to revisit our feminist roots, where theory is a liberatory and creative practice, motivated by affect, curiosity, and wonder. From this standpoint, we consider which of our feminist tools can make a significant difference today, in a highly datafied world. The goal of this workshop is to;1) create an inventory of feminist theories and concepts that have had an impact on our work as designers, educators, researchers, and activists;2) develop a feminist toolbox for the CSCW community to strengthen our feminist literacy. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： Computation theory

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Rethinking Eye-blink: Assessing Task Difficulty through Physiological Representation of Spontaneous Blinking 21

Rethinking Eye-blink: Assessing Task Difficulty through Phys...

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2021 CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems: Making Waves, Combining Strengths, CHI 2021

作者： Cho, Youngjun UCL Interaction Centre & Department of Computer Science University College London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450380966

Continuous assessment of task difficulty and mental workload is essential in improving the usability and accessibility of interactive systems. Eye tracking data has often been investigated to achieve this ability, with reports on the limited role of standard blink metrics. Here, we propose a new approach to the analysis of eye-blink responses for automated estimation of task difficulty. The core module is a time-frequency representation of eye-blink, which aims to capture the richness of information reflected on blinking. In our first study, we show that this method significantly improves the sensitivity to task difficulty. We then demonstrate how to form a framework where the represented patterns are analyzed with multi-dimensional Long Short-Term Memory recurrent neural networks for their non-linear mapping onto difficulty-related parameters. This framework outperformed other methods that used hand-engineered features. This approach works with any built-in camera, without requiring specialized devices. We conclude by discussing how Rethinking Eye-blink can benefit real-world applications. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Analyzing Midair Object Pointing Mappings for Smart Display Input

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Proceedings of the ACM on human-computer interaction 2021年第ISS期5卷 1–18页

作者： Zhang, Futian Mizobuchi, Sachi Zhou, Wei Lank, Edward Cheriton School of Computer Science University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Human-Machine Interaction Lab Huawei TorontoON Canada

One common task when controlling smart displays is the manipulation of menu items. Given current examples of smart displays that support distant bare hand control, in this paper we explore menu item selection tasks with three different mappings of barehand movement to target selection. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate that Positional mapping is faster than other mappings when the target is visible but requires many clutches in large targeting spaces. Rate-based mapping is, in contrast, preferred by participants due to its perceived lower effort, despite being slightly harder to learn initially. Tradeoffs in the design of target selection in smart tv displays are discussed. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Mapping

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Learning Contrastive Representations for Dense Passage Retrieval in Open-Domain Conversational Question Answering 25th

Learning Contrastive Representations for Dense Passage Retr...

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25th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, WISE 2024

作者： Zaib, Munazza Sheng, Quan Z. Zhang, Wei Emma Alhazmi, Elaf Mahmood, Adnan Department of Human-Centred Computing Faculty of Information Technology Monash University MelbourneVIC Australia School of Computing Macquarie University SydneyNSW Australia School of Computer and Mathematical Science The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819605781

Recent research on the task of Conversational Question Answering (ConvQA) emphasizes the role of open-retrieval in a multi-turn interaction setting consisting of a retriever-reader pipeline, wherein the former focuses on selecting relevant passages from a large collection, and the latter is required to resolve the contextual dependency to understand the question and predict the accurate answer. This open-domain ConvQA (OD-ConvQA) setting relies heavily on the correct retrieval of the passages, otherwise, the error propagated from the retriever module can make the reader vulnerable, thereby, resulting in the model’s performance degradation. The existing approaches based on the retriever-reader pipeline in OD-ConvQA utilize the entire conversational context to retrieve the passages. This retrieval, however, results in the selection of irrelevant passages, which subsequently reduces the model’s overall performance. To address the limitation, this work proposes an approach, called Dense Passage Retrieval in Conversational Question Answering (DPR-ConvQA), that utilizes carefully curated history turns to improve the dense passage retrieval, helping the selection of more accurate answers. Our approach solves two key challenges. First, it allows the filtration of irrelevant context from the input that limits the retrieval of entirely unrelated passages from the huge collection. Second, the model utilizes dense passage retrieval, based on contrastive representation learning, which minimizes the distance between positive samples and maximizes the distance between negative ones, providing better passage representation. We validate our proposed model on two popular OD-ConvQA datasets, called OR-QuAC and TopiOCQA. The experimental result shows that our proposed method outperforms the traditional baselines methods and complements the reader-retriever setup. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Question answering

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Towards Understanding and Applying Security Assurance Cases for Automotive Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mohamad, Mazen Department of Computer Science & Engineering Division of Interaction Design and Software Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg University Gothenburg Sweden

Security Assurance Cases (SAC) are structured bodies of arguments and evidence used to reason about security properties of a certain artefact. SAC are gaining focus in the automotive domain as the need for security assurance is growing due to software becoming a main part of vehicles. Market demands for new services and products in the domain require connectivity, and hence, raise security concerns. Regulators and standardisation bodies started recently to require a structured for security assurance of products in the automotive domain, and automotive companies started, hence, to study ways to create and maintain these cases, as well as adopting them in their current way of working. In order to facilitate the adoption of SAC in the automotive domain, we created CASCADE, an approach for creating SAC which have integrated quality assurance and are compliant with the requirements of ISO/SAE-21434, the upcoming cybersecurity standard for automotive systems. CASCADE was created by conducting design science research study in two iterative cycles. The design decisions of CASCADE are based on insights from a qualitative research study which includes a workshop, a survey, and one-to-one interviews, done in collaboration with our industrial partners about the needs and drivers of work in SAC in industry, and a systematic literature review in which we identified gaps between the industrial needs and the state of the art. The evaluation of CASCADE was done with help of security experts from a large automotive OEM. It showed that CASCADE is suitable for integration in industrial product development processes. Additionally, our results show that the elements of CASCADE align well with respect to the way of working at the company, and has the potential to scale to cover the requirements and needs of the company with its large organization and complex products Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Automotive industry

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Design Recommendations for Historical Cemeteries Using Speculative Design 22

Design Recommendations for Historical Cemeteries Using Specu...

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25th International Academic Mindtrek Conference, Academic Mindtrek 2022

作者： Hirsch, Linda Hild, Florian Obaid, Mohammad LMU Munich Munich Germany Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Interaction Design Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399555

Historical cemeteries are interesting design spaces within human-computer interaction (HCI), due to their cultural and personal significance, and that they also serve multi-purposes within an urban community. However, contemporary usage of such places and technological developments partly interfere with preserving such places' significance. To evaluate how to counteract this challenge, we conducted an iterative design approach including a) five expert interviews, b) a design workshop using speculative design artifacts (n=4), followed by c) semi-structured interviews that evaluated the derived design concepts (n=6). We made an exemplary study of a European historical cemetery, and consolidate ten design recommendations for interactive historical cemeteries. Eight align with prior work, two are new. Furthermore, we identified design opportunities for supportive technology to maintain such places' atmosphere and regulate users' behavior to comply with the local code of conduct. Our work supports other HCI researchers, aiming to preserve cultural heritage sites such as historical cemeteries. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： human computer interaction

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Artificial intelligence propels lung cancer screening:innovations and the challenges of explainability and reproducibility

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2025年第2期10卷 492-494页

作者： Mario Mascalchi Chiara Marzi Stefano Diciotti Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences“Mario Serio” University of FlorenceFirenzeItaly Department of Statistics Computer ScienceApplications“G.Parenti”University of FirenzeFirenzeItaly Department of Electrical Electronicand Information Engineering“Guglielmo Marconi”-DEIUniversity of BolognaCesenaItaly Alma Mater Research Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence University of BolognaBolognaItaly

In a recent study published in Nature Medicine,Wang,Shao,and colleagues successfully addressed two critical issues of lung cancer(LC)screening with low-dose computed tomography(LDCT)whose widespread implementation,despite its capacity to decrease LC mortality,remains challenging:(1)the difficulty in accurately distinguishing malignant nodules from the far more common benign nodules detected on LDCT,and(2)the insufficient coverage of LC screening in resource-limited areas.1 To perform nodule risk stratification,Wang et *** and validated a multi-step,multidimensional artificial intelligence(AI)-based system(Fig.1)and introduced a data-driven Chinese Lung Nodules Reporting and Data System(C-Lung-RADS).1 A Lung-RADS system was developed in the US to stratify lung nodules into categories of increasing risk of LC and to provide corresponding management recommendations.

关键词： screening low dosecomputedtomography explainability reproducibility nodule risk stratificatio noduleriskstratification malignant nodules artificialintelligence

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Letters from Future Self: Augmenting the Letter-Exchange Exercise with LLM-based Agents to Enhance Young Adults' Career Exploration 25

Letters from Future Self: Augmenting the Letter-Exchange Exe...

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2025 CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2025

作者： Jeon, Hayeon Yoon, Suhwoo Lee, Keyeun Kim, Seo Hyeong Kim, Esther Hehsun Cho, Seonghye Ko, Yena Yang, Soeun Dabbish, Laura Zimmerman, John Kim, Eun-Mee Lim, Hajin Hci+d Lab. Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Communication Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States HCI Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713941

Young adults often encounter challenges in career exploration. Self-guided interventions, such as the letter-exchange exercise, where participants envision and adopt the perspective of their future selves by exchanging letters with their envisioned future selves, can support career development. However, the broader adoption of such interventions may be limited without structured guidance. To address this, we integrated Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents that simulate participants' future selves into the letter-exchange exercise and evaluated their effectiveness. A one-week experiment (N=36) compared three conditions: (1) participants manually writing replies to themselves from the perspective of their future selves (baseline), (2) future-self agents generating letters to participants, and (3) future-self agents engaging in chat conversations with participants. Results indicated that exchanging letters with future-self agents enhanced participants' engagement during the exercise, while overall benefits of the intervention on future orientation, career self-concept, and psychological support remained comparable across conditions. We discuss design implications for AI-augmented interventions for supporting young adults' career exploration. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Young adults

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Beyond the User: Mapping Subject Positions for Robots in Public Spaces 25

Beyond the User: Mapping Subject Positions for Robots in Pub...

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ACM/IEEE International Conference on human-Robot interaction (HRI)

作者： Anna Dobrosovestnova Franziska Babel Hannah Pelikan Human-Computer Interaction group TU Wien Vienna Austria Dept. of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Linköping Sweden Dept. of Culture and Society Linköping University Linköping Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350378931

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378948

The concept of the “user” is central to research in human- Robot interaction (HRI). Drawing on the field studies of functional service robots in public spaces, the paper contributes a conceptual framework for describing positions and roles humans can take beyond being robot users. We rely on the concept of “subject position” from human-computer interaction (HCI) to map out people beyond users into three ecologies: Service, Street Life, and Public Discourse. Through the lens of these ecologies, we highlight how people encounter the robot as (i) an actor in service provision, (ii) a (social and material) actor moving with other members of the street, and (iii) a matter of public concern. The paper contributes a vocabulary for describing the diverse roles of humans and offers methodological suggestions for more holistic research and design of HRI. Further, we outline disciplinary and ethical considerations relating to designing with ecologies in mind.

关键词： human computer interaction Vocabulary Ethics Shape Service robots human-robot interaction Ecology Stakeholders Robots Lenses

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