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2008 International Conference on computer Graphics and virtual reality, CGVR 2008

作者： North, Max M. Hill, Jeremy Aikhuele, Ainonehi North, Sarah M. Virtual Reality Technology Laboratory Engineering Technology and Management Southern Polytechnic State University United States Human-Computer Interaction Group Computer and Information Sciences Department Clark Atlanta University United States

ISBN: (纸本)1601320574

This study investigates the effectiveness of the application of virtual reality Training (VRT) in the treatment of Communication Apprehension (CA). The participants were thirty undergraduate volunteer students enrolled at the university level. virtual reality software and hardware were used to create a virtual auditorium scene for this training. Over five sessions, participants were subjected to virtual public speaking scenarios of varying intensity. Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) scale was used to measure the participants' anxiety levels. The average level of anxiety reported during post-test was significantly less than that of the pre-test. The preliminary results indicated that VRT could be used as an effective method for reducing CA in clients and allow them to become involved in discussions and presentations more comfortably.

关键词： virtual reality

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Three-dimensional multi-objective uav path planner using meta-paths for decision making and visualization

Three-dimensional multi-objective uav path planner using met...

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作者： Swartzentruber, Levi Foo, Jung Leng Winer, Eliot H. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Human Computer Interaction Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University 2274 Howe Hall Ames IA 50010 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479472

Military operations are turning to more complex and advanced automation technology for minimum risk and maximum efficiency. A critical piece to this strategy is unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs require the intelligence to safely maneuver along a path to an intended target, avoiding obstacles such as other aircrafts or enemy threats. Often automated path planning algori thms are employed to s pecify targets for a UAV to fly to. To date, path-planning algorithms have been limi ted to providing only a single solution (alternate) path without further inputs from the UAV controller. This paper presents a unique platform for decision making in a three-dimensional path planner where multiple solution paths are generated in the form of meta-paths. The path planner uses Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to generate multiple solution paths based on predefined criteria. The problem formulation was designed to minimize risk due to enemy threats, to minimize fuel consumption incurred by deviating from the original path, and takes into account reconnaissance targets. Using PSO, al ternate paths are generated using B-spline curves, optimized based on preferences set for the three objectives. The resulting paths can be optimized wi th a preference towards maximum safety, minimum fuel consumption, or target reconnaissance. For each preference, the top five solutions generated by PSO are presented, for a total of 15 alternate paths. In order to efficiently present these multiple solution paths, meta-paths are implemented, which is a single summarized representation of all the paths generated for a particular preference. This allows the decision making process to be completed in an efficient and organized manner. The problem formulation and solution implementation is described along wi th the results from several simulated scenarios. Copyright © 2008 by Levi Swartzentruber.

关键词： Decision making

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Three-dimensional multi-objective path planning of unmanned aerial vehicles using particle swarm optimization

Three-dimensional multi-objective path planning of unmanned ...

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48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference

作者： Foo, Jung Leng Knutzon, Jared S. Oliver, James H. Winer, Eliot H. Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University Ames IA 50010 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Human Computer Interaction 2274 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50010 United States Department of Human Computer Interaction 2274 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50010 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1563478927

Military operations are turning to more complex and advanced automation technology for minimum risk and maximum efficiency. A critical piece to this strategy is unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs require the intelligence to safely maneuver along a path to an intended target, avoiding obstacles such as other aircrafts or enemy threats. Often automated path planning algorithms are employed to specify targets for a UAV to fly to. To date, path-planning algorithms have been limited to two-dimensional problem formulations. This paper presents a unique three-dimensional path planning problem formulation and solution approach using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The problem formulation was designed to minimize risk due to enemy threats and also to minimize fuel consumption incurred by deviating from the original path. In addition, a third objective in the problem formulation takes into account reconnaissance targets. The initial design point is defined as the original path of the UAV. Using PSO, alternate paths are generated using B-spline curves, optimized based on preferences set for the three objectives. The resulting paths can be optimized with a preference towards maximum safety, minimum fuel consumption, or target reconnaissance. The problem formulation and solution implementation is described along with the results from several simulated scenarios.

关键词： Motion planning

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Visualizing spray paint deposition in VR training

Visualizing spray paint deposition in VR training

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2007 IEEE virtual reality Conference, VR'07

作者： Daeseok, Kim Youngwoo, Yoon Sunyu, Hwang Geehyuk, Lee Jinah, Park Information and Communications University Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Computer Graphics and Visualization Lab. 119 Munjiro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-714 Korea Republic of Human-Computer Interaction Lab. 119 Munjiro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-714 Korea Republic of Virtual Reality Research Team 161 Gajeong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-700 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1424409055

We present a real-time simulation of spray painting incorporated into a VR environment as an alternative training system for ship-building industries. The system allows the user to try out a painting work on life-size structures with a spray gun. Our goal is to provide a trainee realistic painting experience in real-time as well as to represent the thickness of the deposited paint on the surface for evaluation of his performance. The Gaussian model is used for a painting deposition model, and texture mapping technique is utilized to provide efficient visual feedback. We also present effective collision detection methods for a volume of spray paint particles. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Interactive computer graphics

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Three-dimensional path planning of unmanned aerial vehicles using particle swarm optimization

Three-dimensional path planning of unmanned aerial vehicles ...

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11th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference

作者： Jung, Leng Foo Knutzon, Jared S. Oliver, James H. Winer, Eliot H. Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University Ames IA 50010 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Human Computer Interaction 2274 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50010 United States Department of Human Computer Interaction 2274 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50010 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1563478234

关键词： Unmanned vehicles

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Vertical vergence calibration for augmented reality displays

Vertical vergence calibration for augmented reality displays

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IEEE virtual reality 2006 Conference

作者： Livingston, Mark A. Ellis, Stephen R. White, Sean M. Virtual Reality Lab. Naval Research Laboratory United States Human Information Processing Research Branch NASA Ames Research Center United States Department of Computer Science Columbia University United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424402239

Stereo and bi-ocular head-mounted displays (HMDs) require the user to fuse two,images into a coherent picture of the three-dimensional world, The human visual system performs this task constantly, but when the input images contain both real and graphical depictions, the problem becomes more difficult. A vertical disparity in the,graphics causes diplopia for user's trying to fuse the real and virtual objects simultaneously. We implement three methods, to measure and correct this disparity and assess them with,a collection of a single model of optical see-through HMD.

关键词： augmented reality head-mounted display vergence

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Multimodal UAV ground control system

Multimodal UAV ground control system

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11th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference

作者： Batkiewicz, Thomas J. Dohse, K.C. Kalivarapu, Vijay Dohse, Thomas Walter, Bryan Knutzon, Jared Parkhurst, Derrick Winer, Eliot Oliver, James Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Human Computer Interaction Virtual Reality Applications Center 1620 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Department of Psychology 1620 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering 1620 Howe Hall Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1563478234

As unmanned units become more capable of self-control, and as their integration into our military forces increase, the role of the operator of these units is going to change. Current UAV ground control systems typically require to much of the operator's attention per unit, and the role of the future operator will be more like that of a manager than that of a pilot. This paper describes research being done on a user interface for a future ground control system. Beginning with a visualization of a virtual battlefield, this next-generation UAV ground control system incorporates all available information and analyses in combination with a synthetic battlespace in a context-relevant manner. This marriage of synthetic and real information feeds, within a single visualization space, is designed to increase the situational awareness of a single operator. This virtual battlefield provides the operator with the information necessary to accomplish their task, with multiple modes of interaction for the user. The UAV Ground Control System detailed here utilizes a speech command interface, a wireless joystick interface, as well as a tablet-based direct manipulation interface similar to those used in general air unit ground control systems. Through these different types of interactions, an operator is presented with various sources of data to manage and command military units as clearly and simply as possible.

关键词： Unmanned vehicles

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Vertical Vergence Calibration for Augmented reality Displays

Vertical Vergence Calibration for Augmented Reality Displays

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IEEE Annual International Symposium virtual reality

作者： M.A. Livingston S.R. Ellis S.M. White S.K. Feiner A. Lederer Adam Lederer Naval Research Laboratory USA Virtual Reality Lab Naval Research Laboratory Inc. USA Human Information Processing Research Branch NASA Ames Research Center Human Information Processing Research Branch NASA Ames Research Center USA Department of Computer Science Columbia University Department of Computer Science Columbia University USA

Stereo and bi-ocular head-mounted displays (HMDs) require the user to fuse two images into a coherent picture of the threedimensional world. The human visual system performs this task constantly, but when the input images contain both real and graphical depictions, the problem becomes more difficult. A vertical disparity in the graphics causes diplopia for users trying to fuse the real and virtual objects simultaneously. We implement three methods to measure and correct this disparity and assess them with a collection of a single model of optical see-through HMD.

关键词： Calibration Augmented reality Fuses Eyes computer displays humans Visual system computer graphics Image segmentation virtual reality

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Comparison of Mobile Text Entry Methods

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Proceedings of the human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 2004年第5期48卷 778 - 782页

作者： Melinda M. Cerney Brian D. Mila Lewis C. Hill Human Computer Interaction Virtual Reality Applications Center Iowa State University Ames IA

In this preliminary study, we tested a small group of users on their ability to perform common text input tasks using both standard and unfamiliar input devices: the standard QWERTY keyboard, an onscreen QWERTY keyboard on a Pocket PC, a letter recognition system on a Pocket PC, and a T9 text-input system on a cellular phone. We examined user performance, accuracy, and overall preference for the four input methods, and compared these results to the values predicted by Fitts' Law. Our findings suggest that the cognitive effort loads for each device had a strong impact on the amount of time required by users to input text, and that Fitts' Law methods do not accurately account for or predict values including cognitive load or skill transfer.

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Sequestering size: The role of allometry and gender in digital human modeling

Sequestering size: The role of allometry and gender in digit...

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Digital human Modeling for Design and Engineering Symposium

作者： Cerney, Melinda M. Adams, Dean C. Virtual Reality Applications Center and Adams Morphometrics Lab Program in Human Computer Interaction Iowa State University United States Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology and Department of Statistics Iowa State University United States

Biologists are aware that sexual dimorphism can result from size differences, shape differences, and differences in the relationship between the two (allometry), but the digital human modeling community has not fully incorporated this knowledge into their design procedures. Using landmark-based geometric morpho-metric methods and data from the CAESAR survey, we demonstrate that sexual dimorphism between adult males and females is the result of size, shape, and allometry differences between the sexes. human sexual dimorphism is therefore far more complicated than is represented by standard design procedures, implying that using extreme percentile humans in design confounds male and female allometric differences, and will likely not accommodate all individuals. Copyright © 2004 SAE International.

关键词： Biology

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