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Highly Simplified FeCl3-Assisted Copolymerization and Doping for Organic Thermoelectrics

JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2025年第6期63卷 1297-1305页

作者： Kim, Hyeokjun Lee, Taek Seong Kim, Haeseong Shin, Jiyoung Baek, Jisu Jang, Jaeyoung Jung, In Hwan Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Energy Engn Seoul South Korea

The FeCl3 is a well-known oxidizing agent for oxidative polymerization as well as a p-type dopant for making conducting polymers, but no studies have yet explored the simultaneous use of FeCl3 for both polymerization and doping of organic soluble conjugated polymers (CPs) in organic thermoelectric (OTE) applications. In this study, soluble 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b ']dithiophene (CPDT)-co-3,4-ethylenedioxythio-phene (EDOT) polymers were successfully synthesized via a simple FeCl3-assisted oxidative coupling reaction at room temperature. In addition, FeCl3 doping of the synthesized polymers enabled them to exhibit thermoelectric properties. The addition of 10% similar to 20% EDOT in a polymer chain gave a synergetic effect on the electrical conductivity and power factor (PF) in the OTE devices. In that ratio, the strong electron-donating EDOT facilitates doping in the CPs, and the planar CPDT backbones stabilize the generated polaron/bipolaron species through efficient pi-electron delocalization, resulting in the highest electrical conductivity. At the optimal EDOT ratio of 20%, a more than 10-fold enhancement in PFs was achieved reaching up to 0.182 +/- 0.021 mu W m(-1) K-2. The EDOT moiety, except in PEDOT:PSS, is rarely found in conjugated copolymers, but its proper incorporation is expected to enhance thermoelectric properties of the organic soluble CPs.

关键词： ferric chloride organic thermoelectrics oxidative polymerization p-doping

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Molecular Engineering of Benzobisoxazole-Based Conjugated Polymers for High-Performance Organic Photodetectors and Fingerprint Image Sensors

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2025年第1期8卷 155-167页

作者： Cheol Shin Won Jo Jeong Ezgi Darici Lee Jong Baek Park Hyungju Ahn Seyeon Baek Myeong In Kim Dae Sung Chung Kang-Il Seo In Hwan Jung Department of Organic and Nano Engineering and Human-Tech Convergence Program Hanyang University CLAP Co. Ltd. Pohang Accelerator Laboratory POSTECH Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)

Various novel conjugated polymers(CPs) have been developed for organic photodetectors(OPDs),but their application to practical image sensors such as X-ray,R/G/B,and fingerprint sensors is *** this article,we report the entire process from the synthesis and molecular engineering of novel CPs to the development of OPDs and fingerprint image *** synthesized six benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis(oxazole)(BBO)-based CPs by modifying the alkyl side chains of the CPs.

关键词： alkyl side chain engineering fingerprint image sensor on/off ratio organic photodetector specific detectivity

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Ultra tough and high resilience mechanochromic fibres for real world stress detection

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2025年第1期16卷 1-10页

作者： Jeong, Yu Jin Lee, Youngeun Won, Taekyung Lee, Ji Won Eom, Youngho Kim, Dae Seok Pukyong Natl Univ Dept Polymer Engn Busan South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul South Korea

Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibres gain considerable attention as promising candidates for mechanochromic smart textiles across various domains, ranging from fashion to healthcare. However, intrinsically high hysteresis of cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer during stress relaxation necessitates a time-lag between successive stimulus detections, thereby constraining the practical use in real-world systems. Here, we develop high-tough and low-hysteresis mechanochromic fibres capable of effectively detecting ultra-fast deformations at practical levels. By utilizing a thermoplastic elastomer as a core fibre and cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer as a sheath, we develop sheath-core composite fibres. The cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer sheath-core fibres preserve remarkable optical properties of cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer sheath while improving mechanical properties, including high strength (100.9 MPa), toughness (2.7 x 102 MJ m-3), and ultra-fast resilience (60% strain at 49.98 cm s-1 strain speed) due to the thermoplastic elastomer core. We demonstrate on-demand mechanochromic fibres with tuneable moduli of thermoplastic elastomer core, expanding the fields of smart textile from single fibre to dynamic sensory environment.

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Creating ultra-strong and recyclable green plastics from marine-sourced alginate-chitosan nanowhisker nanocomposites for controlled release urea fertilizer

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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS 2025年 347卷 122745页

作者： Kim, Hyo Jeong Bae, Jong Hyuk Eom, Youngho Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea Korea Inst Ind Technol Text Innovat R&D Dept Ansan 15588 Gyeonggi Do South Korea

In response to the pressing environmental challenge posed by petroleum-derived plastics, the development of green plastics derived from all-biomass nanocomposites offers promising solutions. However, conventional nanocomposites often prioritize enhanced stiffness at the expense of flexibility. We introduce sodium alginate (SA)/chitosan nanowhisker (CSW) nanocomposites, derived entirely from marine-sourced all-biomass, to create ultra-strong and flexible green plastics. Through the synergistic interaction between SA and CSW, these nanocomposites demonstrate simultaneous stiffening and toughening, overcoming the traditional trade-off. Two key mechanisms contribute: geometric reinforcement from the needle-like structure of CSW and electrostatic reinforcement at the interface between oppositely charged CSW and SA. Compared to control SA, the SA/CSW nanocomposites exhibit remarkable enhancements in tensile modulus, strength, and stretchability, by 49%, 85%, and 55%, respectively (7.6 GPa, 223.3 MPa, 14.7%). Cellulose nanocrystals, serving as a control, only stiffen the nanocomposites, adhering to the typical trade-off. Biodegradability in compost can be tailored based on the type of nanofillers. Due to the water resistance of CSW, SA/CSW nanocomposites are proven effective for the controlled release of urea fertilizer in agricultural applications. With recyclability and superior mechanical properties, these marine-sourced green plastics offer a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics, promising significant impact in the eco-plastic industry.

关键词： Green plastics Marine-sourced biomass All-natural nanocomposite Sodium alginate Chitosan nanowhisker

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Upcycling Waste Low-Density Polyethylene into Highly Crystalline Graphite

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ADVANCED SCIENCE 2025年 e2416978页

作者： Jeong, Woojae Nam, Haneul Shin, Hwansoo Hwang, Sooin Lee, Junho Lee, Dongho Kim, Hyeong Jun Ahn, Jingi Han, Tae Hee Hanyang Univ Res Inst Ind Sci Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea Hyundai Motor Co Mat Res & Engn Ctr Sustainable Mat Res Team Uiwang 16082 South Korea

Only a small fraction of the global plastic waste is recycled, and the recycled materials are often of lower quality. For example, only 14% of the world's total plastic is recycled, with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) accounting for only 4% of it. This study presents a novel approach to transforming waste LDPE into electrically conductive artificial graphite with high crystallinity using stabilization and graphitization processes. This method achieves a carbon yield of 89.4%, surpassing yields from conventional polymer precursors, such as polyacrylonitrile and polyamide. The resulting LDPE-derived graphite (LGP) exhibits a high crystallinity and electrical conductivity, twice those of natural graphite and comparable to those of artificial graphite, which typically requires extensive heat treatment to prepare. LGP can be used in pastes and inks for advanced applications, such as 3D printing, flexible electrodes, heaters, and photothermal devices. Additionally, the high crystallinity of LGP enables the formation of larger graphene oxide (GO) with an average size of 4.1 +/- 2.4 mu m, because the larger crystalline domains in LGP facilitate the exfoliation process. The approach developed in this study contributes significantly to LDPE waste management and provides a pathway for the fabrication of valuable carbon materials for broad industrial applications.

关键词： graphene oxide highly crystalline graphite low-density polyethylene (LDPE) stabilization process upcycling waste plastic

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RGB Color-Discriminable Photonic Synapse for Neuromorphic Vision System

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 39-62页

作者： Bum Ho Jeong Jaewon Lee Miju Ku Jongmin Lee Dohyung Kim Seokhyun Ham Kyu-Tae Lee Young-Beom Kim Hui Joon Park Department of Organic and Nano Engineering&Human-Tech Convergence Program Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Physics Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea

To emulate the functionality of the human retina and achieve a neuromorphic visual system,the development of a photonic synapse capable of multispectral color discrimination is of paramount ***,attaining robust color discrimination across a wide intensity range,even irrespective of medium limitations in the channel layer,poses a significant ***,we propose an approach that can bestow the color-discriminating synaptic functionality upon a three-terminal transistor flash memory even with enhanced discriminating *** incorporating the strong induced dipole moment effect at the excitation,modulated by the wavelength of the incident light,into the floating gate,we achieve outstanding RGB color-discriminating synaptic functionality within a remarkable intensity range spanning from 0.05 to 40 mW cm^(-2).This approach is not restricted to a specific medium in the channel layer,thereby enhancing its *** effectiveness of this color-discriminating synaptic functionality is demonstrated through visual pre-processing of a photonic synapse array,involving the differentiation of RGB channels and the enhancement of image contrast with noise ***,a convolutional neural network can achieve an impressive inference accuracy of over 94%for Canadian-Institute-For-Advanced-Research-10 colorful image recognition task after the *** proposed approach offers a promising solution for achieving robust and versatile RGB color discrimination in photonic synapses,enabling significant advancements in artificial visual systems.

关键词： Organic field-effect transistor Photonic synapse Excited-state dipole moment RGB color discrimination Neuromorphic visual system

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Enabling Charge Trapping with Quasi-Magnetization through Transition Metal Ion-Chelated Mesoporous Silica Particles for Wearable Antibacterial Self-Powering Sensors

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SMALL METHODS 2025年第4期9卷 e2401831页

作者： Han, Seunghye Park, Jungchul Sun, Jingzhe Ren, Bingqi Lee, Jiwoo Bae, Jihyun Chang, Jeong Ho Park, Jong-Jin Chonnam Natl Univ Dept Polymer Sci & Engn Gwangju 61186 South Korea Korea Inst Ceram Engn & Technol KICET Chungbuk 28160 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Clothing & Text Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea

Wearable self-powering sensors based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) emerging as a promising strategy for a wide range of applications, such as self-powering and energy-harvesting systems, are widely used in healthcare and displacement current are utilized as the driving force. Although the TENG theory is rooted in the displacement current equation proposed by Maxwell, the magnetic field created by this current is often overlooked in TENG research. In this work, an effective charge-trapping method based on the magnetization current induced by transition metal ion chelation is reported. The experimental results, along with a theoretical analysis of the Maxwell equation and a discussion of the charge-trapping mechanism, demonstrate that magnetic materials provide enhanced charge-trapping performance. Transition metal ions chelated to mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) can slightly assign weak paramagnetic properties owing to the formation of ligand complexes. As a result, they can generate a feeble quasi-magnetization current during the TENG cycle, which enhances the surface charge density of the Co-MSPs-based polyvinyl alcohol TENG (PVA-TENG) by 68%. In addition, it is confirmed that the MSPs chelated with transition metal ions exhibit antibacterial properties, thereby providing promising synergistic effects from the perspective of application as a wearable TENG-based antibacterial sensor system.

关键词： charge trapping mesoporous silica quasi-magnetization transition metal chelation wearable antibacterial self-powering sensor

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Enhanced Positive Charge Performance in Triboelectric Series: Molecular Engineering of Conjugated Mesoporous Fibers for Machine Learning-Based Wearable Sensors

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SMALL 2025年第3期21卷 e2404737页

作者： Sun, Jingzhe Jeong, Songah Zheng, Zihao Ren, Bingqi Han, Seunghye Li, Yongwei Bea, Jihyun Xiang, Yong Kim, Hyungwoo Park, Jong-jin Hanyang Univ Dept Clothing & Text Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea Chonnam Natl Univ Dept Polymer Sci & Engn Gwangju 61186 South Korea Deakin Univ Sch Informat Technol Trustworthy Intelligent Comp Lab Melbourne Vic 3125 Australia

With the increasing focus on triboelectric-based sensors, research on synthesizing dielectric layers from specific substances is gradually emerging. Despite numerous negatively-charged triboelectric materials, there is a scarcity of synthesizable positively-charged materials, creating a research gap. This study demonstrates the molecular design of a conjugated, mesoporous, self-assembled sheet via bottom-up synthesis. The synthesized sheet is functionalized to create a triboelectric nanogenerator. Its large specific surface area, softness, and internal space increase the actual contact area and provide adsorption sites for polypyrrole nanoparticles. The incorporation of -COO functional group enhances positive triboelectric performance, forming a dielectric layer with charge-trapping capabilities. When contact with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), this structure boosts the output voltage, showing significant amplification after charge injection with minimal decay. As a demonstration, the bilayer structure is applied as a touchpad on the experimenter's arm to write symbols. The signals are input into an innovative machine-learning model to interpret the writer's intent. Additionally, the device connects to a terminal for real-time medical services, suggesting practical applications for wearable triboelectric sensors with artificial intelligence. This study addresses the scarcity of positively-charged triboelectric materials by designing a conjugated, mesoporous, self-assembled sheet via bottom-up synthesis. Functionalized as a triboelectric nanogenerator, it enhances positive triboelectric performance and boosts output voltage when in contact with PTFE. Demonstrated as a touchpad for symbol writing, it integrates with machine learning for real-time medical applications. image

关键词： artificial intelligence application polymer synthesis positive triboelectric material self-assembly

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Tailor-Made Buffer Materials: Advancing Uniformity and Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells

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ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS 2025年第12期15卷

作者： Nguyen, Thanh-Danh Yeo, Doyeong Chitumalla, Ramesh Kumar Kim, Sun-Ju Jeong, Gyeong-Ho Kwun, Dong-Gun Jang, Joonkyung Jung, In Hwan Seo, Ji-Youn Pusan Natl Univ Dept Nano Fus Technol Busan 46241 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea

Along with the growing popularity of the p-i-n structure, bathocuproine (BCP) is increasingly recognized as a crucial buffer layer between the electron transport layer and electrode with the role of mitigating Schottky contact and enhancing performance. However, the chemical structure and role of its functional groups have not been thoroughly elucidated. This study introduces a novel modification of BCP in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by altering functional groups to optimize their geometrical molecular structures and electronic properties. The substitution of aromatic phenyl and p-tolyl groups to 2,9-position on the BCP is highly effective in increasing the planarity of the conjugated backbone and protecting the reactive nitrogen atoms of the phenanthroline core, thereby improving charge transport and device stability. Experimental analyses, including electrostatic force microscopy, impedance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence, reveal that the modified BCP significantly enhances charge transport, reduces recombination losses, and markedly improves the structural stability of PSCs, leading to prolonged device lifetimes. The findings highlight the potential of structurally optimized BCP derivatives as a critical component in advancing high-efficiency and durable PSCs.

关键词： buffer layer modified bathocuproine perovskite solar cells stability, thermal evaporation

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Stable Open-Shell Conjugated Terpolymer with Extended NIR Absorption for Organic Photodetectors Detecting Beyond 1000 nm

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025年第17期17卷 25591-25601页

作者： Jeong, Moon-Ki Lee, Sang Hyuk Won, Yousang Ahn, Jaeyong Kim, Myeong In Oh, Joon Hak Seoul Natl Univ Inst Chem Proc Sch Chem & Biol Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Stanford Univ Dept Chem Engn Stanford CA 94305 USA Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea

Near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors play crucial roles in many scientific, industrial, and medicinal fields. However, conventional organic photodetectors (OPDs) often do not utilize the NIR region due to poor absorption beyond 1000 nm. In this study, an open-shell conjugated terpolymer is synthesized for NIR detection. This polymer contains diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), thiophene, and benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c ']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (BBT);these components form the novel random terpolymer poly{2,5-bis(2-decyltetradecyl)-3,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione]-co-thiophene-co-benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole} (PDPPTBBT) via Stille coupling polymerization. The diradicals generated by the open-shell characteristics of PDPPTBBT become stronger as molecular packing is enhanced. This enhancement enables absorption at wavelengths beyond 1000 nm. PDPPTBBT exhibits temperature-independent Pauli paramagnetic properties. Additionally, electron paramagnetic resonance measurements reveal that compared with the singlet ground state, the polymer exhibits a higher stability in the triplet ground state and a high spin (S = 1). PDPPTBBT can act as an acceptor or a donor in films in which the material is blended with either poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) or Y6. OPDs prepared using the blended films display detection wavelengths exceeding 1000 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 126% at 1050 nm and a specific detectivity (D*) of 7.5 x 1011 Jones.

关键词： open-shell polymers organic photodetectors conjugated polymers NIR sensors low bandgappolymers

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