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Zinc-Ion Microbatteries with High Operando Dynamic Stretchability Designed to Operate in Extreme Environments

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2024年第16期34卷 2470086-2470086页

作者： Lee, Se Hun Hwang, Jeonguk Song, Chiho Park, Changyong Kim, Hyung-Seok Ahn, Heejoon Hanyang Univ Inst Nano Sci & Technol 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Adv Inst Convergence Technol Suwon 16229 Gyeonggi Do South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Korea Inst Sci & Technol Ctr Energy Storage Res 5 Hwarang Ro 14 Gil Seoul 02792 South Korea Kyung Hee Univ KHU KIST Dept Converging Sci & Technol Seoul 02447 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Battery Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea

Highly stretchable and cycle-stable (high operando dynamic stretchable) zinc-ion microbatteries that are nonharmful, environmentally friendly, and low cost are developed herein for the first time. Stretchable zinc-ion microbatteries (SZIMBs) are fabricated by simultaneously incorporating the facile synthesis of conducting polymer-intercalated vanadium oxide nanofibers as flexible and elastic cathode materials;the construction, design, and assembly of wavy-type microdevices;and pre-zincation techniques that break stereotypes. The poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-intercalated zinc vanadium oxide nanofiber zinc-ion microbatteries (E-ZVONF-SZIMBs) manufactured by combining these strategies exhibit a maximum specific capacity of 0.16 mAh cm-2, high energy density of 0.112 mWh cm-2, and high power density of 3.5 mW cm-2 and maintain 83.7% of the initial specific capacity after 500 cycles. The E-ZVONF-SZIMBs maintain 78.9% of their initial specific capacity even after 7000 mechanical stretching/bending tests, exhibiting excellent operando dynamic stretchability. The stretchable zinc-ion microbatteries show practical feasibility by maintaining 80% and 90% of the capacity at -20 and 60 degrees C under 200% strain, respectively. These remarkable achievements in the field of stretchable zinc-ion microbatteries are expected to have significant implications for the development of future device platforms. Intercalating conducting polymers into the interlayer spacing of vanadate nanofibers, as cathode materials for stretchable zinc-ion microbatteries (SZIMBs), enhances the electrochemical performance and elasticity of the vanadate structure. Short-induced pre-zincation (SIPZ) affords a thinner SZIMB anode, thereby enhancing the flexibility of wavy-type SZIMBs. These combined approaches confer high stretchability and stable electrochemical performance to the SZIMBs, even under extreme ***

关键词： conducting polymers extreme environment intercalation pre-zincation stretchable microbatteries vanadium oxide nanofibers zinc-ion microbatteries

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Biofabrication of 3D adipose tissue via assembly of composite stem cell spheroids containing adipo-inductive dual-signal delivery nanofibers

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BIOFABRICATION 2024年第3期16卷 2024 May 13页

作者： Lee, Sangmin Lee, Jeongbok Choi, Soomi Kim, Eunhyung Kwon, Hyunseok Lee, Jinkyu Kim, Sung Min Shin, Heungsoo Hanyang Univ Dept Bioengn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program BK21 FOUR Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Educ & Res Grp Biopharmaceut Innovat BK21 FOUR Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Inst Nano Sci & Technol Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Sports Sci Collage Performing Arts & Sport Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Ctr Artificial Intelligence Muscle Seoul 04763 South Korea

Reconstruction of large 3D tissues based on assembly of micro-sized multi-cellular spheroids has gained attention in tissue engineering. However, formation of 3D adipose tissue from spheroids has been challenging due to the limited adhesion capability and restricted cell mobility of adipocytes in culture media. In this study, we addressed this problem by developing adipo-inductive nanofibers enabling dual delivery of indomethacin and insulin. These nanofibers were introduced into composite spheroids comprising human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). This approach led to a significant enhancement in the formation of uniform lipid droplets, as evidenced by the significantly increased Oil red O-stained area in spheroids incorporating indomethacin and insulin dual delivery nanofibers (56.9 +/- 4.6%) compared to the control (15.6 +/- 3.5%) with significantly greater gene expression associated with adipogenesis (C/EBPA, PPARG, FABP4, and adiponectin) of hADSCs. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of culture media on the migration and merging of spheroids and observed significant decrease in migration and merging of spheroids in adipogenic differentiation media. Conversely, the presence of adipo-inductive nanofibers promoted spheroid fusion, allowing the formation of macroscopic 3D adipose tissue in the absence of adipogenic supplements while facilitating homogeneous adipogenesis of hADSCs. The approach described here holds promise for the generation of 3D adipose tissue constructs by scaffold-free assembly of stem cell spheroids with potential applications in clinical and organ models.

关键词： adipose tissue engineering adipogenesis bottom-up strategy spheroid fusion electrospinning nanofibers

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Vertically Phase Separated Photomultiplication Organic Photodetectors with p-n Heterojunction Type Ultrafast Dynamic Characteristics

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ADVANCED MATERIALS 2024年第36期36卷 e2404597页

作者： Kim, Myeong In Lee, Soonyong Kang, Jinhyeon Kim, Jaehyeong Wu, Ziang Won, Jong Ho Baek, Seyeon Chung, Dae Sung Kim, Jin Young Jung, In Hwan Woo, Han Young Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Korea Univ Dept Chem Seoul 02841 South Korea Cheorwon Plasma Res Inst Light Display Convergence R&BD Div 7194 Geumgang Ro Cheorwon Gun 24062 Gangwon Do South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Sch Energy & Chem Engn Ulsan 44919 South Korea Dankook Univ Dept Energy Engn Cheonan 31116 South Korea Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH Dept Chem Engn Pohang 37673 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Grad Sch Carbon Neutral Ulsan 44919 South Korea

Photomultiplication (PM)-type organic photodetectors (OPDs), which typically form a homogeneous distribution (HD) of n-type dopants in a p-type polymer host (HD PM-type OPDs), have achieved a breakthrough in device responsivity by surpassing a theoretical limit of external quantum efficiency (EQE). However, they face limitations in higher dark current and slower dynamic characteristics compared to p-n heterojunction (p-n HJ) OPDs due to inherent long lifetime of trapped electrons. To overcome this, a new PM-type OPD is developed that demonstrates ultrafast dynamic properties through a vertical phase separation (VPS) strategy between the p-type polymer and n-type acceptor, referred to as VPS PM-type OPDs. Notably, VPS PM-type OPDs show three orders of magnitude increase in -3 dB cut-off frequency (120 kHz) and over a 200-fold faster response time (rising time = 4.8 mu s, falling time = 8.3 mu s) compared to HD PM-type OPDs, while maintaining high EQE of 1121% and specific detectivity of 2.53 x 10(13) Jones at -10 V. The VPS PM-type OPD represents a groundbreaking advancement by demonstrating the coexistence of p-n HJ and PM modes within a single photoactive layer for the first time. This innovative approach holds the potential to enhance both static and dynamic properties of OPDs.

关键词： fast dynamic property organic photodetector photomultiplication p-n heterojunction characteristic vertical phase separation

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MgFe2O4 Nanoparticle/Peracetic Acid Hybrids for Catalytic Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin

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ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023年第12期6卷 10758-10767页

作者： Zhuang, Jingshun Kim, Saerona Zhang, Mairui Ryu, Jiae Nonkumwong, Jeeranan Srisombat, Laongnuan Kim, Kwang Ho Wie, Jeong Jae Leem, Gyu Yoo, Chang Geun State Univ New York Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Dept Chem Engn Syracuse NY 13210 USA Zhejiang Univ Sci & Technol Sch Environm & Nat Resources Hangzhou 310023 Peoples R China State Univ New York Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Dept Chem Syracuse NY 13210 USA Chiang Mai Univ Fac Sci Dept Chem Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Natl Sci & Technol Dev Agcy Natl Nanotechnol Ctr Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Chiang Mai Univ Ctr Excellence Mat Sci & Technol Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Korea Inst Sci & Technol Clean Energy Res Ctr 5 Hwarang ro 14 gil Seoul 02792 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea Michael M Szwarc Polymer Res Inst Syracuse NY 13210 USA Sungkyunkwan Univ SKKU KIST SKKU Carbon Neutral Res Ctr Suwon 16419 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ SKKU Sch Chem Engn Suwon 16419 South Korea

Lignin is a promising feedstock for renewable fuels and chemicalsdue to its aromatic skeleton and natural abundance. Lignin can beconverted to diverse aromatic monomers as well as dicarboxylic acidsdepending on the applied conversion technologies. Despite its greatpotential, its native and processing-induced heterogeneity and complexitylimit the conversion efficiency and product selectivity. In this study,magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticle-peraceticacid (PAA) has been investigated as an efficient catalyst-oxidantincorporation for catalytic oxidative depolymerization of lignin undermild conditions. Typically, the increase in processing severity canenhance the lignin conversion while it results in the further decompositionof aromatic compounds to dicarboxylic acids. However, in this study,the incorporation of MgFe2O4 nanoparticles andPAA not only enhanced the total product yield but also improved theselectivity of aromatic monomers. The oxidative depolymerization systemusing the catalyst-oxidant combination resulted in 46 wt %of total oil product with a 61% selectivity of aromatic monomers undermild temperature (90 degrees C). In addition, this combination catalystshowed relatively good cycling stability based on the total productyield after recycling five times via magnetic separation. Overall,MgFe2O4 nanoparticles play an important roleas a co-catalyst with a PAA oxidant in the oxidative conversion oflignin with an enhanced conversion efficiency and recyclability, andit will facilitate the valorization of lignin in future bio-basedfuels and chemicals.

关键词： lignin oxidation nanoparticles cycling stability magnetic recovery

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Multi-functional locomotion of collectively assembled shape-reconfigurable electronics

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NANO ENERGY 2023年第PartA期118卷

作者： Cho, Woongbi Kang, Dong Jun Hahm, Min Jeong Jeon, Jisoo Kim, Dong-Gyun Kim, Yong Seok Han, Tae Hee Wie, Jeong Jae Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Inha Univ Program Environm & Polymer Engn 100 Inha Ro Incheon 22212 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol Adv Mat Div 141 Gajeong Ro Daejeon 34114 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Chem Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Inst Nano Sci & Technol 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Dept Chem Engn Syracuse NY 13210 USA SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Michael M Szwarc Polymer Res Inst Syracuse NY 13210 USA

Beyond typical flexible electronics, stimuli-responsive shape-reconfigurable electronics are great candidates for the next-generation miniaturized electronics, carrying out complex missions by morphing their geometry and transferring their bodies to the desired positions. To achieve shape-reconfigurable electronics, it is essential to give shape-programmability as well as high electrical conductivity for polymeric materials. However, this is difficult to achieve due to a trade-off relationship between the shape-reconfigurability and the electrical conductivity of polymer composites that embed conductive fillers. Herein, we introduced highly conductive and physical intelligence-encoded polymeric composites based on MXene/liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) bilayer (MLB), for shape-reconfigurable electronics performing on-demand and reversible 3D morphing and locomotion. The MLB demonstrated remarkable photo-/electro-thermally driven bending and twisting performance under near-infrared (NIR) light with 0.4 W cm(-2) and voltage application of 3.5 V without delamination due to both high photothermal conversion efficiency and electrical conductivity of similar to 5,300 S cm(-1). The MLB also proved structural durability after 1,000 cycles of bending originating from the stable interface induced by hydrogen bonding between MXene and LCE. Importantly, macroscopic collective assembly of the MLBs enabled dynamic locomotion inspired by nature. Collectively assembled MLBs demonstrated crawling, rotating, jumping, and sling-shooting by engineering the symmetricity of assembled structure and introducing snap-through instability.

关键词： Liquid crystal elastomer MXene Shape-reconfigurable electronics Collective assembly Multi-functional actuation

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Structure-property-actuation relationships of shape-fixable magnetic vitrimer micropillar arrays

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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2024年 402卷

作者： Moon, Hojun Lee, Jae Gyeong Cho, Woongbi Jeon, Jisoo Park, Jeong Eun Wie, Jeong Jae Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Inha Univ Program Environm & Polymer Engn 100 Inha Ro Incheon 22212 South Korea Hanyang Univ Res Inst Ind Sci 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Chem Engn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Inst Nano Sci & Technol 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Dept Chem Engn Syracuse NY 13210 USA SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Michael M Szwarc Polymer Res Inst Syracuse NY 13210 USA

Magnetic actuation of micropillar arrays has been exploited for contactless and programmable deformation according to pre-programmed alignment of magnetic particles within the micropillars. However, once the external magnetic field is removed, the magnetically deformed structure reverts to its initial state. Herein, we synthesized magnetic vitrimer composites as micropillar arrays capable of shape fixation via dynamic covalent bonds. In the magnetic vitrimer composites, we systematically varied the concentration of magnetic particles and evaluated their structure-property-performance relationships. An increase in the concentration of the magnetic particles increases both magnetization and modulus of the composites. Although a higher magnetization of the composites will enhance magnetic responsivity, a larger modulus represents a higher bending stiffness, reducing the deformation strain by magnetic actuation. Due to this trade-off relationship, the magnetic actuation of the micropillars is determined by two variables. In competition between two variables, embedding 20 vol% of magnetic particles achieves the maximum bending angle of 45 degrees for the micropillars. By understanding the structure-property relationships, we can optimize the concentration of magnetic particles for a high magnetic responsivity of the shape-fixable micropillar arrays.

关键词： Vitrimers Magnetic composites Magnetic actuation Micropillar arrays Structure-property relationships

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Controlling Vanadate Nanofiber Interlayer via Intercalation with Conducting Polymers: Cathode Material Design for Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries

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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021年第26期31卷 2100005-2100005页

作者： Kim, Jichang Lee, Se Hun Park, Changyong Kim, Hyung-Seok Park, Jae-Ho Chung, Kyung Yoon Ahn, Heejoon Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Inst Nano Sci & Technol 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Korea Inst Sci & Technol Ctr Energy Storage Res 5 Hwarang Ro 14 Gil Seoul 02792 South Korea Kyung Hee Univ KHU KIST Dept Converging Sci & Technol Seoul 02447 South Korea Korea Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn 145 Anam Ro Seoul 02841 South Korea Korea Univ Sci & Technol KIST Sch Div Energy & Environm Technol 5 Hwarang Ro 14 Gil Seoul 02792 South Korea

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising energy storage devices due to the high ionic conductivity of the aqueous electrolyte as well as the safety, eco-friendliness, and low cost. Vanadium oxide-based materials are attractive cathode materials for aqueous ZIBs because of their high capacity from their layered structure and multiple valences. However, it is difficult to achieve high cycle stability and rate capability due to the low electrical conductivity and trapping of diffused electrolyte cations within the crystal structure, limiting the commercialization of aqueous ZIBs. In this study, the authors propose a facile sonochemical method for controlling the interlayer of the vanadate nanofiber crystal structure using poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to overcome the shortcomings of vanadium oxide-based materials. In addition, the electrochemical correlation between the interplanar distance of the expanded vanadate layers by the insertion of PEDOT and the behavior of Zn2+ ions is investigated. As a result, the intercalation of the conducting polymer increases the electron pathway and extends the distance of the vanadate layers, which helps to increase the number of active sites inside the vanadate and accelerate the zinc ion intercalation/de-intercalation process. Their findings may guide research on the next generation of ZIBs that can replace lithium ion batteries.

关键词： aqueous zinc‐ ion batteries conducting polymers intercalation nanofibers sonochemical methods vanadate

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Directed Regeneration of Osteochondral Tissue by Hierarchical Assembly of Spatially Organized Composite Spheroids

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ADVANCED SCIENCE 2022年第3期9卷 e2103525页

作者： Lee, Jinkyu Lee, Seoyun Huh, Seung Jae Kang, Byung-Jae Shin, Heungsoo Hanyang Univ Inst Bioengn & Biopharmaceut Res Dept Bioengn 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ BK21 FOUR Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Vet Clin Sci Coll Vet Med & Res Inst Vet SciBK21 FOUR Future Vet Med Leading Edu 1 Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea Hanyang Univ BK21 FOUR Educ & Res Grp Biopharmaceut Innovat Le 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Inst Nano Sci & Technol 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea

The use of engineered scaffolds or stem cells is investigated widely in the repair of injured musculoskeletal tissue. However, the combined regeneration of hierarchical osteochondral tissue remains a challenge due to delamination between cartilage and subchondral bone or difficulty in spatial control over differentiation of transplanted stem cells. Here, two types of composite spheroids are prepared using adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and nanofibers coated with either transforming growth factor-beta 3 or bone morphogenetic growth factor-2 for chondrogenesis or osteogenesis, respectively. Each type of spheroid is then cultured within a 3D-printed microchamber in a spatially arranged manner to recapitulate the bilayer structure of osteochondral tissue. The presence of inductive factors regionally modulates in vitro chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs within the biphasic construct without dedifferentiation. Furthermore, hADSCs from each spheroid proliferate and sprout and successfully connect the two layers mimicking the osteochondral interface without apertures. In vivo transplantation of the biphasic construct onto a femoral trochlear groove defect in rabbit knee joint results in 21.2 +/- 2.8% subchondral bone volume/total volume and a cartilage score of 25.0 +/- 3.7. The present approach can be an effective therapeutic platform to engineer complex tissue.

关键词： 3D printing composite spheroid microchamber osteochondral tissue regeneration tissue engineering

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Room-Temperature-Processable Highly Reliable Resistive Switching Memory with Reconfigurability for Neuromorphic Computing and Ultrasonic Tissue Classification

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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2023年第14期33卷

作者： Kim, Dohyung Bang, Hyeonsu Baac, Hyoung Won Lee, Jongmin Truong, Phuoc Loc Jeong, Bum Ho Appadurai, Tamilselvan Park, Kyu Kwan Heo, Donghyeok Nam, Vu Binh Yoo, Hocheon Kim, Kyeounghak Lee, Daeho Ko, Jong Hwan Park, Hui Joon Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Dept Artificial Intelligence Suwon 16419 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Suwon 16419 South Korea Gachon Univ Dept Mech Engn Seongnam 13120 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Dept Superintelligence Engn Suwon 16419 South Korea Gachon Univ Dept Elect Engn Seongnam 13120 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Chem Engn Seoul 04763 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ Coll Informat & Commun Engn Suwon 16419 South Korea Hanyang Inst Smart Semicond Seoul 04763 South Korea

Reversible metal-filamentary mechanism has been widely investigated to design an analog resistive switching memory (RSM) for neuromorphic hardware-implementation. However, uncontrollable filament-formation, inducing its reliability issues, has been a fundamental challenge. Here, an analog RSM with 3D ion transport channels that can provide unprecedentedly high reliability and robustness is demonstrated. This architecture is realized by a laser-assisted photo-thermochemical process, compatible with the back-end-of-line process and even applicable to a flexible format. These superior characteristics also lead to the proposal of a practical adaptive learning rule for hardware neural networks that can significantly simplify the voltage pulse application methodology even with high computing accuracy. A neural network, which can perform the biological tissue classification task using the ultrasound signals, is designed, and the simulation results confirm that this practical adaptive learning rule is efficient enough to classify these weak and complicated signals with high accuracy (97%). Furthermore, the proposed RSM can work as a diffusive-memristor at the opposite voltage polarity, exhibiting extremely stable threshold switching characteristics. In this mode, several crucial operations in biological nervous systems, such as Ca2+ dynamics and nonlinear integrate-and-fire functions of neurons, are successfully emulated. This reconfigurability is also exceedingly beneficial for decreasing the complexity of systems-requiring both drift- and diffusive-memristors.

关键词： 3D ion transport channels flexible hardware learning rules lasers neuromorphic reconfigurable resistive switching memory synapses

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Correlation between frictional heat and triboelectric charge: In operando temperature measurement during metal-polymer physical contact

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NANO ENERGY 2022年第PartA期103卷

作者： Lee, Dong Woo Kong, Dae Sol Kim, Jong Hun Park, Sang Hyeok Hu, Ying Chieh Ko, Young Joon Jeong, Chan Bae Lee, Seoku Choie, Joong Il Jake Lee, Gwan-Hyoung Lee, Minbaek Wie, Jeong Jae Chang, Ki Soo Park, Jeong Young Jung, Jong Hoon Inha Univ Dept Phys Incheon 22212 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Korea Basic Sci Inst Div Sci Instrumentat & Management Daejeon 34133 South Korea Inha Univ Program Environm & Polymer Engn Incheon 22212 South Korea Inst Basic Sci IBS Ctr Nanomat & Chem React Daejeon 34141 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Res Inst Adv Mat RIAM Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Inst Engn Res Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Inst Appl Phys Seoul 08826 South Korea Hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Seoul 04763 South Korea Hanyang Univ Human Tech Convergence Program Seoul 04763 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST Dept Chem Daejeon 34141 South Korea

In operando techniques have emerged to elucidate the fundamental mechanism of triboelectrification via relevant physical quantity measurement during the physical contact of two materials. Here, a correlation between fric-tional heat and triboelectric charge is reported in a metal-polymer triboelectric nanogenerator through the in operando temperature measurement. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) metal is slid back-and-forth under different contact pressures across polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers having different degrees of crosslinking, i.e., mixing ratio. Both the triboelectric charge and temperature variation increase and become saturated with different time-constants. Notably, the saturated triboelectric charge increases, while the saturated temperature decreases, with increasing mixing ratio. In contrast, both saturated triboelectric charge and temperature increase with increasing contact pressure. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy reveals that chemical bonds are modified inhomogeneously at the surface, and that charged materials are transferred from PDMS to FTO in accordance with the mixing ratio-and sliding time-dependent triboelectric charges. Frictional heat plays a distributive role in bond rupture and temperature variation, depending on the activation energy and frictional coefficient of PDMS. In operando temperature variation measurement provides important information on the specific bonds for tri-boelectrification and detailed charge-transfer process during physical contact.

关键词： In operando measurement Frictional heat Triboelectric charge Temperature variation Activation energy Young?s modulus

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