AUTOSAR (Automotive Open System Architecture), as an open, standardized framework for automotive electronic software development, has gradually become the standard followed by major automotive manufacturers and automo...
详细信息
We examine whether academic independent directors affect financial statement fraud. Using a sample of independent directors’ academic experience data for Chinese public firms, we find a significantly negative relatio...
详细信息
We examine whether academic independent directors affect financial statement fraud. Using a sample of independent directors’ academic experience data for Chinese public firms, we find a significantly negative relation between academic independent directors and financial statement fraud. This finding is robust after applying various methods to address potential endogeneity concerns. Further analyses suggest that the negative relation between academic independent directors and financial statement fraud is more pronounced when academic independent directors are professors and possess accounting and technological expertise, sit on audit committees, compensation committees, multiple boards, and have relatively low-level compensation. In addition, the negative relation is stronger for non-state-owned firms and firms audited by small auditors. Overall, our findings suggest that academic independent directors are watchdogs for financial statement fraud.
The fractality of complex networks has attracted much attention with extensive investigations over the last 15 years. As a generalization of fractal analysis, multifractal analysis (MFA) is a useful tool to systematic...
详细信息
The fractality of complex networks has attracted much attention with extensive investigations over the last 15 years. As a generalization of fractal analysis, multifractal analysis (MFA) is a useful tool to systematically describe the spatial heterogeneity of both theoretical and experimental fractal patterns. One of the widely used methods for fractal analysis is box-covering. It uses the minimum number of covering boxes to calculate the fractal dimension of complex networks, and is known to be NP-hard. More severely, in comparison with fractal analysis algorithms, MFA algorithms have much higher computational complexity. Among various MFA algorithms for complex networks, the sandbox MFA algorithm behaves with the best computational efficiency. However, the existing sandbox algorithm is still computationally expensive. Thus, so far it has only been applied to small-scale complex networks of the size of about tens of thousands of nodes. It becomes challenging to implement the MFA for large-scale networks with tens of millions of nodes. It is also not clear whether or not MFA results can be improved by a largely increased size of a theoretical network. To tackle these challenges, a computationally-efficient sandbox algorithm (CESA) is presented in this paper for MFA of large-scale networks. Distinct from the existing sandbox algorithm that uses the shortest-path distance matrix to obtain the required information for MFA of complex networks, our CESA employs the breadth-first search (BFS) technique to directly search the neighbor nodes of each layer of center nodes, and then to retrieve the required information. Our CESA's input is a sparse data structure derived from the compressed sparse row (CSR) format designed for compressed storage of the adjacency matrix of large-scale network. A theoretical analysis reveals that the CESA reduces the time complexity of the existing sandbox algorithm from cubic to quadratic, and also improves the space complexity from quadratic
This paper considers the initial value problem of general nonlinear stochastic fractional integro-differential equations with weakly singular kernels. Our effort is devoted to establishing some fine estimates to inclu...
详细信息
This paper develops a shock capturing approach for high-order correction procedure via reconstruction (CPR) method with Legendre-Gauss solution points. Shock regions are treated by novel compact nonuniform nonlinear w...
详细信息
The cold fluid flowing over two hot spheroids placed in a tandem arrangement was numerically studied via a GPU-based immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method(IB-LBM)*** drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of...
详细信息
The cold fluid flowing over two hot spheroids placed in a tandem arrangement was numerically studied via a GPU-based immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method(IB-LBM)*** drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of both the two spheroids were obtained with the main influencing factors *** validate the IB-LBM model,several numerical case studies containing one and two spheres were firstly conducted to reach the good agreement with the previously reported ***,a number of simulations were further carried out which were designed by changing the particle aspect ratio(1.0≤Ar≤4.0)and inter particle distance(1.5≤ι≤7.0,whereι=L/D,D stands for the volume-equivalent sphere diameter)as well as the Reynolds number(10≤Re≤200).Their influence on the momentum and heat transfer characteristics between the solid and fluid phases was fully *** results show that,for all the considered Reynolds numbers and aspect ratios,the individual and total drag coefficients and average Nusselt number increase with the inter particle *** inter particle distance has greater influence on the drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of the trailing particle than the leading *** drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of the trailing particle are far less than the leading one under the same working *** prediction correlations for the drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of both the two spheroids were established with low *** last,the influence of the relative incidence angles between the two tandem spheroids on the momentum and heat transfer was *** is shown that the relative incidence angles play significant roles due to the change of the frontal area of the leading spheroid with these angles.
The cause of the anomalous shift in the first maximum peak of radial distribution functions (RDFs) with decreasing temperature in metallic melts and glasses remains highly controversial. In this study, we show that th...
详细信息
The cause of the anomalous shift in the first maximum peak of radial distribution functions (RDFs) with decreasing temperature in metallic melts and glasses remains highly controversial. In this study, we show that the first RDF peak exhibits anomalous expansion as the temperature decreases during the non-equilibrium solidification ( = 1 × 10 K s and = 1 × 10 K s) of liquid tantalum. This behavior is primarily due to alterations in both the geometric and electronic structures of the system. In terms of geometric structure, for example, at the cooling rate of , the system forms a significant number of cage-like icositetrahedral Voronoi polyhedra (0,0,12,2) and standard icosahedral Voronoi polyhedra (0,0,12,0) at low temperatures. These Voronoi polyhedra have longer bond lengths and lower binding energies compared to their high-temperature counterparts. Furthermore, these Voronoi polyhedra nest together, forming a stable Ta- atomic configuration with minimal changes in bond lengths. This unique geometric arrangement contributes fundamentally to the anomalous expansion of the first peak of the RDF. Regarding the electronic structure, the temperature influences the interactions between Ta atoms. At higher temperatures, the electronic localization functions (ELFs) and the Mulliken bond overlap populations () are significantly increased, leading to stronger electronic interactions and a denser arrangement of nearest-neighbor atoms with shorter bond lengths. Consequently, the combined effects of geometric and electronic structural changes during non-equilibrium solidification could explain the anomalous expansion of the first peak of the RDF.
In this paper, we propose a numerical method to solve the mass-conserved Ohta-Kawasaki equation with finite element discretization. An unconditional stable convex splitting scheme is applied to time approximation. The...
详细信息
The relative stability of three-dimensional icosahedral quasicrystals in multi-component systems has been investigated based on a phenomenological coupled-mode Swift-Hohenberg model with two-length-scales. A recently ...
详细信息
暂无评论